There are companies worth £50bn* based in this terraced house in Bolton.
Turns out they also have a bank. With a valid VAT registration number.
(*on paper)
And a holding company, with a professional-looking website:
And audited accounts that are superficially plausible, if you ignore the £15bn turnover for an unknown company. And tiny tiny clues the accounts were plagiarised from elsewhere. Like a sentence saying they're a "leading supplier of components to the door and window industry".
The audit certificate is a forgery. I've spoken to the audit firm and individual auditor named in these accounts and I'm convinced they have nothing to do with this. They don't even know each other.
We called their phone number; it gives the option of "sales" or "customer services", but both just go through to a maillbox.
Their website says they're FCA authorised. A lie - the number is a different, legit, firm.
So obviously the VAT number will be fake as well, right?
Wrong.
The first draft of our report said we didn't know if these companies were created for fraud or as the product of someone's fantasy...
However the additional information we've received (the bank website, VAT registration, and the attempt to win business for Avantulo SA Ltd) makes reasonably clear this is a fraud.
The domain records for the two Stallion Holdings websites suggest the fraud is ongoing.
Our report on fake banks is here, including simple steps Companies House could take to end the fraudulent use of UK companies with fake accounts. taxpolicy.org.uk/2025/02/01/fin…
Our latest update: mistakes by Companies House and the Financial Conduct Authority resulted in fraudsters obtaining FCA authorisation. A thread:
In 2017, the fraudsters applied for FCA registration for a company called Stallion Financial Investments plc. Here's its balance sheet, showing £12m of assets.
The FCA refused the application; initially for reasons that aren't stated, but then because the company didn't respond to its queries. Fairly suspicious.
I'll link to the app in the next tweet. It lets you identify suspicious companies on Companies House, searching either by their business category or their address.
The mystery follows after that.
Here's the app link - should work nicely on mobile, and on iPhone if you "save to desktop" it will behave like an app. taxpolicy.org.uk/wp-content/ass…
The mystery is why the suspicious companies, with their phoney balance sheets, are so concentrated in just a few addresses. There are 116 at 124 City Road. Check out all the fake banks. taxpolicy.org.uk/wp-content/ass…
Fraudsters are setting up fake banks on Companies House - here's how we found 16 in three minutes... using an automated tool we've just made freely available.
Thread:
There's a longer version of this thread here, with details of the fake banks we found, and how to download/use the tool. taxpolicy.org.uk/finding_fake_b…
Anyone can set up a company on Companies House, and say it's a bank. It's a simple trick. You can't put the word "bank" in a company's name without permission from the regulator. You can pick the bank "category". And then tell the world you're a bank.
The world's biggest company isn’t Apple or Amazon—it’s a UK firm called Novateur, with £100 trillion in assets.
Incredible? Yes.
True? Kind of.
Real? Not remotely.
It's a blatant fraud. Here’s how Companies House missed it - and how they could stop these frauds for good.
We published a report on Saturday on Avis Capital Limited. It claims to be a "bank" and to have £58bn of net assets and 150,000 employees. But none of that is true; it filed fake accounts as part of what we believe was an international fraud. taxpolicy.org.uk/2025/01/25/the…
So how others like Avis Capital are out there?
We locked a nerd (me) in a room for a day and created an automated tool that searches for suspicious companies.
Douglas Barrowman sold a possibly criminal, tax avoidance scheme using an Isle of Man company called Principal Contracts Ltd. The Isle of Man authorities say it failed to file accounts, paid unlawful dividends, & failed to pay £5m of Isle of Man VAT.
Guess what happened next?
PCL sold tax avoidance schemes which replaced normal taxable employment income with supposedly non-taxable loans.
The schemes never worked, but HMRC failed to challenge them in the usual way. In a panic, the Government introduced a "loan charge" to tax the loans.
Barrowman's response? He sold his clients/victims a new scheme that involved writing letters saying the loans had been repaid. They hadn't. It just wasn't true.
The new scheme was shocking in its brazenness, and should have been investigated as criminal tax fraud. It wasn't.