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Emmanuel Profile picture
@ejustin46
Feb 7 β€’ 5 tweets β€’ 2 min read β€’ Read on X
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The OMICRON EFFECT:
How Variants Mutations Reshaped the COVID-19 Immunity Landscape πŸ’₯πŸ’―

nature.com/articles/s4158…Image
2) COVID-19 saw rapid SARS-CoV-2 evolution. Pre-Omicron, prior infection provided strong, lasting protection against reinfection. But Omicron changed this - recent Omicron infections only briefly protected, with protection waning quickly. Image
3) Researchers link this to a shift in evolutionary pressures. Initially, the virus adapted to spread more easily. But with Omicron, when many had immunity, it evolved to evade that immunity through mutations, especially in the spike protein. Image
4) This immune evasion explains Omicron's lack of lasting protection. Yet prior infection still strongly prevented severe disease, suggesting different immune responses protect against mild vs. severe illness. Image
5) This highlights SARS-CoV-2's adaptability and the need to continually monitor the virus and update vaccines to keep up with its changes.

Thanks for reading πŸ™ Image

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More from @ejustin46

Emmanuel Profile picture
Feb 8
LONG COVID.
The first study to objectively collect biological, physiological, psychological, and cognitive parameters with regular frequency and intensity !

Thanks @atranscendedman
jogh.org/2025/jogh-15-0…Image
2) Researchers wanted to learn more about how long COVID symptoms change over time. They studied 75 people with long COVID for 16 weeks. The participants came to the clinic 5 times and had phone check-ins in between. Image
3) At the clinic visits, the researchers measured things like lung function, fitness, and mental abilities. The participants also filled out questionnaires about their symptoms, energy levels, and quality of life. Image
Read 5 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Feb 8
Serology Reveals SIGNIFICANT UNDERREPORTING of SARS-CoV-2 INFECTIONS and REINFECTIONS

▢️ 19% of Primary Infections and 37-53% of Reinfections Went Unreported 😨
Thanks @DavidJoffe64
for the study cambridge.org/core/journals/…Image
2) The study found that relying solely on reported infections would have missed a significant number of both primary infections and reinfections.

For primary infections, the serology data identified an additional 3,495 cases that were not reported ... Image
3) ...suggesting around 19% of primary infections would have been missed.

Similarly, for reinfections, the serology data showed 3,297 to 1,723 additional cases (depending on the antibody increase threshold) that were not reported. Image
Read 5 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Feb 7
"TO EVADE or NOT TO EVADE:
The Tug-of-War Between T-Cell Immunity and Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Variants

The apparent contradiction between studies on T-cell immunity against new SARS-CoV-2 variants reflects the complex and nuanced nature of the immune response. Image
2) While some studies have shown T-cell escape ...
3) ... a study suggests that T-cell recognition is largely preserved, with only partial loss due to viral mutations.
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…Image
Read 5 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Feb 7
"TRAIN" your MACROPHAGES to FIGHT VIRUSES

Macrophages can remember past experiences and respond differently to future challenges. This is called "trained immunity" or "innate immune memory"
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…Image
2) Researchers studied how macrophages respond after being trained with different substances - fungus (B-Glucan) or bacteria (MDP).

The researchers also tested how the trained macrophages responded to a virus infection. Image
3) They used a herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) that had a fluorescent tag, so they could track which cells were infected.

They found that the trained macrophages were slightly less susceptible to being infected by the virus compared to untrained macrophages. Image
Read 6 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Feb 7
Hypothetical dreamers ("what if") struggle to accurately predict COVID-19 death tolls, highlighting the need for neutral communication during health crises

nature.com/articles/s4385…Image
2) Study finds people who imagine alternative, more positive outcomes underestimate actual mortality, highlighting need for neutral communication during health crises.

Researchers collected 6,700+ daily forecasts from US citizens. Image
3) One group described "interventions that could have reduced deaths" before predicting, while controls did not. The "what if" group consistently underestimated true tolls, anchoring on optimistic scenarios. This bias also occurred in those with personal COVID-19 experience. Image
Read 5 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Feb 7
TWITTER/X and the PANDEMIC

Analyzing Emotional and Moral Messaging of Public Health Experts vs. Pseudoexperts During the COVID-19 Pandemic to Enhance Engagement and Trust in Health Communication Amidst Polarization"
jmir.org/2025/1/e63910
2) The study "Public Health Messaging on Twitter During the COVID-19 Pandemic" analyzes communication from public health experts (PHEs) and pseudoexperts on Twitter. It reveals that PHEs focused on topics like masking and vaccines using positive emotional language, while ... Image
3) ...pseudoexperts discussed therapeutics and lockdowns, often using negative emotions. PHEs emphasized care and fairness, whereas pseudoexperts leaned toward harm. The findings indicate partisan polarization and ... Image
Image
Read 4 tweets

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