Manhattan is arguably America's most iconic city, and more arguably, its only 'real' city.
But its own laws have made the buildings that make it so iconic illegal to build more ofđź§µ
Many of the existing buildings in Manhattan that you couldn't make today are too tall by current standards.
Many of the existing buildings in Manhattan that you couldn't make today have too many apartments by current standards.
Many of the existing buildings in Manhattan that you couldn't make today have too much space dedicated to business by current standards.
Many of the existing buildings in Manhattan that you couldn't make today have building footprints that are too tall by current standards.
But the buildings that make New York tall, dense, and filled with architectural juxtaposition also made New York so iconic, they made it more livable than it would've been otherwise, and they made it great.
The new laws simply don't respect the old vision for New York.
This problem isn't unique to New York either.
In tons of American cities, existing builds are illegal by new standards that are generally not justified by any sort of safety or quality concerns, but which instead are driven by local interest groups and dumb policymakers.
For example, in San Francisco, 54% of all homes that exist there are illegal to build today!
They end up publishing fewer papers and they receive fewer citations.
In other words, scientific productivity fallsđź§µ
Tons of scholars have been cancelled in recent years.
That is, they've received professional backlash for expressing views that people deem "controversial, unpopular, or misaligned with prevailing norms."
Cancellations happen outside of academia, but it's very bad in it.
Large portions of the academy dislike the freedom of speech. Many of those free speech opponents have high agency and the clout to cause material harm to people they dislike = particularly bad cancel culture.
Phenotyping is the vast, minimally-explored frontier in genome-wide association studies.
Important threadđź§µ
Briefly, phenotyping is how you measure people's traits. Measure poorly, get bad results; measure well, get good results.
Example? Janky knees.
The janky knee example refers to osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis, which occurs when the cartilage between bones is worn down, so bones start rubbing against each other.
This ends up being very painful.
Everyone with this condition isn't necessarily diagnosed with it.
This is especially true for men, who tend to just ignore this (and many other conditions) more often than women do.
This is, in a word, annoying, because it means that if you study it, sampling is likely biased.