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Long COVID Foundation Profile picture
@LongCFoundation
Mar 16 • 15 tweets • 5 min read • Read on X
Yesterday we released “The Persistent Dozen.”

It includes 12 papers on SARS-CoV-2 persistence. There are 100s & we are currently sorting through them, but here are 12 interesting ones.

There is no doubt, SC2 & spike protein persist.

#LongCOVID

🧵

longcfoundation.org/post/persisten…
1. Blood Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Persistent SARS-CoV-2 …

Keys:

- SARS-CoV-2 (SC2) Antisense Indicates Replicating Virus Is Found 65% Of Time In Those With Long COVID

- SC2 Antisense & FYN Together = 93.8% Sensitivity & 91.7% Specificity

thelancet.com/journals/lanmi…
2. Chronic Biopsy Proven Post-COVID Myoendcarditis …

Keys:

- SARS-CoV-2 (SC2) RNA Detected In 85.7% (Out Of 14 Patients)

- SC2 Found Up To 18 Months After Acute Infection

- SC2 RNA Found In Cardiomyocytes, Endothelium, & Macrophages

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cl…
3. (Dogs Detecting Long COVID)

Keys:

- Dogs Were Able To Identify Long COVID Samples In 13 Of 14 (92.86%)

- When Dogs Were Confronted With LC & Negative Control Samples The Dogs Achieved A Mean Sensitivity (For LC) Of 94.4% & A Specificity Of 96.1%

frontiersin.org/journals/medic…
4. Gastrointestinal symptoms & fecal shedding …

Keys:

- SARS-CoV-2 (SC2) RNA Found Up To 10 Months After Acute Infection (Out Of 113 Patients)

- SC2 Fecal RNA Shedding Occurred In 12.7% At 4 Months After COVID Diagnosis & 3.8% At 7 Months

pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC90…
5. Lingering SARS-CoV-2 …

Keys:

- Median Time For + Group From Acute SC2 Until Surgery Was 274 Days

- Gastric Specimens From 26 (32.5%) Patients And 4 (100%) Cholecystectomy Specimens Showed Positive Cytoplasmic Staining For The Anti-SC2 N Protein

link.springer.com/article/10.100…
6. Measurement of circulating viral antigens …

Keys:

- SC2 P Detectable In 21% Of Samples 4-7 Months After Infection

- SC2 P Was Detectable in 43% Of 378 People With LC Symptoms

- SC2 Antigens In Blood Of Substantial Proportion Up To 14 Months

sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
7. Multimodal Molecular Imaging Reveals Tissue-Based T Cell Activation & Viral …

Keys:

- SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Activation Found In Up To 2.5 Years After Acute Infection

- T Cell Activation In Spinal Cord & Gut Wall Associated With Long COVID
Symptoms

pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10…
8. Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in platelets & megakaryocytes …

Keys:

- SARS-CoV-2 (SC2) Persists & Replicates In Megakaryocytes (MKs)

- MKs Then Produce Platlets That Contain SC2

- MK Frequency Is Increased In Long COVID, Suggesting Viral Persistence

croiconference.org/wp-content/upl…
9. Persistence of SARS CoV-2 S1 Protein in CD16+ Monocytes in Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) up to 15 Months Post-Infection

Keys:

- SARS-CoV-2 S1 Protein Found In CD16+ Monocytes In Long COVID Up To 15 Months After Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection

pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC87…
10. Post-COVID-19 syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in plasma, stool, and urine in patients with persistent symptoms after COVID-19

Keys:

- SARS-CoV-2 (SC2) Found 45% Of The Time In Plasma Of Those With Persistent Symptoms After Acute SC2

pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC88…
11. Persistence of spike protein at the skull-meninges-brain axis …

Keys:

- SC2 Spike P Persists In The Skull-Meninges-Brain Axis In COVID-19 Patients

- Spike Protein Is Sufficient To Induce Brain Pathological & Behavioral Changes In Mice

sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
12. SARS-CoV-2 viral persistence in lung alveolar macrophages …

Keys:

- SC2 RNA Persists In 17 Of 25 (68%) Macaques 6 Months After Acute In.

- SC2 Viral Antigens Persist in 20 Of 25 (80%) Macaques 6 Months

- SC2 Viral Replication Capable At 221 Days

nature.com/articles/s4159…
These are 12 of 100s of papers that show, or discuss, SARS-CoV-2 viral persistence, spike protein persistence, or SC2 particle persistence.

There is absolutely no doubt, SARS-CoV-2 persists & those with Long COVID face unique issues that can’t be dealt with via conflation.
3/16/25 is the last day of Long Covid Awareness week, so …

let’s never forget that SARS-CoV-2 persists when demanding better testing, trials, & treatments.

Cure Long COVID!

#CureLongCovidNOW #LongCovidMakesUsOne #LongCovidAwarenessDay #LongCovid #pwLC #ILCAD2025

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More from @LongCFoundation

Long COVID Foundation Profile picture
Feb 19
SARS-CoV-2 is a chronic pathogen with unique, worrisome features, but for some reason SC2 persistence is continually downplayed.

There are many chronic pathogens that cause or contribute to serious chronic illness, so we curated a list.

#LongCOVID #pwLC #SC2Persistence

🧵🧵🧵
1. Aspergillus (Mold - Fungus)

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a serious long-term fungal disease of the lung with a worldwide prevalence. Treatment of CPA is not straightforward.

pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC57…
2. Babesia (Parasite)

Babesia employs evasive measures to avoid immune attack, which leads to persistent infection, even w/ intact immune function. Immunocompromised can experience persistent parasitemia & relapsing symptoms for 2+ yrs despite treatment.

pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC67…
Read 25 tweets
Long COVID Foundation Profile picture
Dec 27, 2024
Let’s see what “gifts” those with Long COVID received in 2024 … hint: they’re not the gifts we need. The government & researchers are failing us.

#LongCOVID #pwLC #LC #COVID

🧵🧵🧵 Image
1. IACC (Infection Associated Chronic Conditions). The next new vague term that won’t help those with chronic illness get better.

2 has been removed so ahead to #3. Image
3. No Lockdowns. Not that we are advocating for them, but we just wanted to sarcastically mock how ridiculous the notion of the “lockdowns” in 2020, if you could even call them that in the USA, being blamed for disease that’s obviously due to circulating, ongoing COVID 4 years later.Image
Read 6 tweets
Long COVID Foundation Profile picture
Dec 24, 2024
Professional goalkeeper⚽️for West Ham, Sophie Hillyerd, contracted SARS-CoV-2 in September of 2021.

She developed Long COVID & autonomic issues because of it, which was ongoing at last a year later. She said it's like nothing she's ever experienced.

#LongCOVID #pwLC

🧵🧵🧵 Image
"When you're having a bad day, they think, 'Why is she struggling today?' People are going 'come on Soph, run,' and I'm thinking, 'I can't.'" "They just won't know. They'll think, 'She's being lazy, she's unfit,' but no. I'm dealing with something that nobody else can see." Image
With physical injuries, "You know what it is, you have scans, and you know what to do to fix it. With this, it was so different. It was unknown." Image
Read 7 tweets
Long COVID Foundation Profile picture
Dec 19, 2024
Actor Emily Chesterton died after blood clot symptoms were dismissed as anxiety & ignored despite having Long COVID.

The blood clot in her leg resulted in a pulmonary embolism, just weeks after her 30th birthday.

#LongCOVID #pwLC #LCFC

🧵🧵🧵 Image
Emily called her doctor’s office to make an appointment. She was complaining of pain in her calf, which had become hard. During her first visit, she was given paracetamol, to treat mild pain. Image
However, her symptoms got worse & Emily’s mother, Marion Chesterton, told the BBC, "She was breathless, light-headed & she had difficulty walking.”

Marion said Emily later went to a second appointment & a PA diagnosed her with “a calf sprain, Long COVID, & anxiety."
Read 4 tweets
Long COVID Foundation Profile picture
Dec 11, 2024
Monoclonal Antibodies for Long COVID (mAbs) Case Study

We used survey data from those who used mAbs in non-acute COVID situations.

Below are the results:

#LongCOVID #pwLC #LC #mAbs

🧵🧵🧵 Image
Here are the brands used and some additional details: Image
Those with Long COVID who were administered mAbs surveyed stated they felt:

- Much Better — 32%
- A Little Better — 24%
- About The Same — 28%
- A Little Worse — 12%
- A Lot Worse — 3% Image
Read 7 tweets
Long COVID Foundation Profile picture
Dec 10, 2024
Austin Phyfe, college basketball player for the University of Northern Iowa, initially had mild symptoms due to his SARS-CoV-2 infection, including a day or two of lost taste & smell. He thought it might’ve been early-summer allergies.

#LongCOVID #pwLC #LC

🧵🧵🧵 Image
After 10 days of isolation, he entered UNI’s return-to-play conditioning program for athletes who had tested positive. For the first few days, Phyfe struggled to catch his breath & move at his usual pace, a difficulty he chalked up to “lingering aftereffects that might clear.” Image
Better days followed, providing encouragement that he turned the corner, but his progress wasn’t linear. There were bad days as well, too many of them. 6 weeks after his return, Phyfe found himself coming to grips with a new normal, one that was far from his pre-COVID baseline.
Read 6 tweets

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