Marc Johnson Profile picture
Jul 9 10 tweets 4 min read Read on X
I've always found this frustrating.

You or your child has a respiratory infection. It's not flu or COVID. Your doctor can only tell you, 'you have a virus'.

Could it be a little bit more specific?

We hope to help answer this question, non-invasively, and for free.
1/ Image
Contrary to my prior assumptions, many of the most common pathogens are not everywhere, all the time. They occur in discrete waves, often nationwide.

I wrote about this recently with Rhinoviruses, the most frequent cause of the common cold.

2/
As promised, we've now added a standalone readout of the rhinoviruses on our wastewater dashboard.

3/
lungfish-science.github.io/wastewater-das…Image
We debated how to best display this. There are over 100 rhinovirus serotypes, and we wanted to display their prevalence over space and time. Too many dimensions.

This was our first stab at it.

4/ Image
First, we only listed the serotypes that have appeared in at least 4 consecutive samples.

They are ordered based on when they first appeared in 4 consecutive samples.

Time goes left to right, starting in 2024. Larger circles mean more of that serotype detected.
5/ Image
In the legend you can toggle the different sewersheds we are reporting (hopefully adding more soon).

6/ Image
The rhinoviruses have been most prevalent in late Spring, and most of the prevalent serotypes in Columbia last year are not prevalent this year.
7/ Image
And if you look at the other locations, most of the serotypes prevalent in Columbia this year were prevalent everywhere.
8/ Image
This is fascinating. Although the rhinoviruses were usually surging in Spring, there was an outbreak of C42 in Fall of last year and it occurred in every one of the sewersheds coast-to-coast.

Who knew?
9/ Image
That's it for now. We continue to recruit more sewersheds in partnership with @SecureBio.

More updates to come.

10/10

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More from @SolidEvidence

Jun 29
This is cool. I was poking around at the Rhinovirus (common cold) data and realized that my perception about these viruses was completely wrong.
1/ Image
Rhinoviruses (Rhino is Greek for nose) are picornaviruses in the enterovirus genus (same as polio). Enteros can be GI or respiratory (or both), but Rhinos are usually respiratory, and are the main cause of the common cold.

2/cdc.gov/rhinoviruses/a…
There are 3 species of Rhinoviruses (A, B, and C), and over a hundred antigenically distinct serotypes.

3/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinovirus
Read 16 tweets
Jun 28
I’m thrilled to announce the update of our water surveillance dashboard.

Many improvements, and our first substantial move into ‘OneHealth’.

Read to the end to find the Easter Egg.
1/
dholab.github.io/public_viz/001…
The first big improvement is that the output is more precise, and interactive. For each data point we tell you the date, the reads mapped, the total reads in each sample, and the reads/billion for each pathogen.

The heat map color is dictated by reads/billion.

2/ Image
As before, we have a dropdown menu (now divided into categories) where you can do a city-to-city comparison of the different pathogens.

We hope to show more locations soon.
3/ Image
Read 17 tweets
Jun 12
Our latest cryptic lineage paper was accepted in PLoS Pathogens.

This paper has some nuanced implications about the origins of SARS-CoV-2.
1/
journals.plos.org/plospathogens/…
There haven’t been a ton of changes to the manuscript since I wrote a post on the preprint, so I’ll make this summary brief and focus on the things that changed.
2/
Cryptic lineages are anachronistic, evolutionarily advanced SARS-CoV-2 lineages detected from wastewater. We are pretty certain they are all from persistent infections.

We developed techniques for finding these lineages and partially reconstruction their genomes.
3/ Image
Read 11 tweets
Jun 6
This is so cool.

I’m pleased to share version 1.0 of our new dashboard for displaying data from our wastewater metagenomic project.

This is a collaborative projected between MU, U. Wisc @dho, and SecureBio; funded by Inkfish and Open Philanthropy.
1/
lungfish-science.github.io/wastewater-das…
For the last 18 months we have been getting weekly composite wastewater samples, isolating the viral fractions (the virome) and randomly sequencing everything.

We average about 1 billion reads per sample.
2/
The project started with Columbia, MO in late 2023, but we’ve expanded to include Chicago, Boston, Boise, and Riverside. We are doing other sites too (and expanding), but these are the first we are reporting.
3/ Image
Read 15 tweets
Apr 20
We are recruiting sewersheds for an expanding project. Basically, we want to learn everything that can be learned from wastewater.
Read on if you are interested.
1/ Image
This is a collaboration with SecureBio that started about 18 months.

Basically, we isolate the viral fraction from wastewater and sequence the crap out of it (~1 billion reads/sample). This is unbiased sequencing; we don’t want to miss anything.
2/
securebio.org
There are three main levels to the analysis of the wastewater virome.
The first is SecureBio’s main focus, which is novel pathogen detection with a particular focus on engineered pathogens.
3/
naobservatory.org/blog/detecting…
Read 16 tweets
Apr 19
This battle between Harvard and the administration is so befuddling. The latest plot twist makes less sense than the last season of Lost.

Let me give a very quick summary for those not following along.
1/11
The last few weeks Harvard had been talking with the administration about concerns over antisemitism on campuses, but the talks lacked details, and Harvard was told that they would get a letter last Friday with more specifics.
2/
Then last Friday Harvard got an email from the acting general counsel of HHS with a scorched earth list of demands that would have effectively ended Harvard’s autonomy in hiring, admissions and curriculum.

Here’s the letter.
3/
nytimes.com/interactive/20…
Read 11 tweets

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