About that "no evidence of inflation" from tariffs...
If you know where to look, it seems pretty clear that inflationary pressures are building in the product categories most exposed to tariffs.
Case in point from today's June CPI report: Household Furnishings & Supplies, which saw prices jump nearly 1% m/m in June.
This was the sharpest monthly increase since the peak of the pandemic-driven inflation in early '22.
More evidence in the 🧵
Looking at the categories flagged as being most exposed to tariffs by two Fed staff economists earlier this year, you'll see a lot of the products in the Household Furnishings & Supplies category on this list 👇
Another category well-represented on the list of tariff-exposed products is Recreation Commodities, which also spiked by nearly 0.8% m/m in June.
Again, this was the sharpest monthly increase since the pandemic-driven surge in inflation back in 2022.
Within Recreation Commodities, Video & Audio Products is a key segment near the top of the most impact list and it's clearly flipped from persistent deflation to monthly inflation exceeding 1%.
Interestingly, one of the highest profile goods exposed to tariffs has seen no clear tariff impact thus far, unless some of the surge in prices ahead of the tariff implementation can be attributed to front-running the anticipated tariffs.
To that point, we saw a surge in auto sales leading up to the Liberation Day, followed by a plunge in sales as the prior surge was clearly pull-forward behavior.
So, it seems automakers made hay during the demand surge, but the recent slowdown is now putting downward pressure on prices
Stepping back from tariff-impacted goods and looking at the bigger picture, it is also true that broader inflationary pressures have abated.
Core CPI was just 0.23% in June despite the acceleration in tariff-impacted goods inflation and has averaged just under 0.2% per month over the past 3 months.
The relatively contained core CPI reading was helped by the continued demand-driven drag from auto prices, which subtracted -14bps from Core Goods inflation in June.
The recent persistent drag from auto prices has offset a decent amount of the surge in prices for the other tariff-impacted goods highlighted above.
Similarly, Supercore CPI inflation (i.e., core services excluding shelter) was up 0.21% m/m in June, or roughly in-line with its historical average monthly pace despite a 14bps bump from Medical Care Services alone.
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UMich Consumer Sentiment jumped to 60.5 in June (prelim), a rebound from May's 52.2 which was its lowest level since 2022.
This is the first monthly gain for UMICH Consumer Sentiment in half a year and well above consensus expectations (53.6).
The rebound was broad-based across sentiment measures.
Is this a turning point in consumer moods or just a "relief rally"?
More in the 🧵
As noted at the top, there was a widespread rebound, with consumers' assessment of Current Economic Conditions and Expectations both rising, by a respective 4.8 and 10.5 points.
Despite the bounce, the current level is still below the prior 6m and 12m averages.
One of the biggest movers within the UMICH survey in 2025 has been inflation expectations, in particular the year-ahead.
The preliminary June reading marked the first convincing reversal of the prior surge in inflation expectations, which spiked sharply after Trump's inauguration.
Political ideology continues to skew perceptions massively, with Democrats now expecting inflation to exceed 10% by June 2026 vs only 1.5% for Republicans.
May PPI was softer than expected (+0.13% vs 0.22% consensus), but that doesn't mean tariff impacts aren't percolating.
PPI ex Food & Energy was also soft (+0.14% vs 0.28% cons) as PPI Services was particularly soft (+0.11% m/m) despite the rebound in trade margins.
Details on what's going on under the hood and what it all means for the Fed's preferred inflation measure (PCE) in the🧵
Two things worth noting before going further:
1) April was revised up to a less drastic downturn in producer prices (-0.24 vs -0.47%)
2) Tariffs aren’t included in PPI calculations directly
▪ PPI measures domestic producer prices; customs duties on imports are excluded
▪ But higher import costs can pass through via input prices and substitution effects
So if you're looking for early tariff pass-through, PPI won’t show the tariffs as a line item, but it may still whisper it through machinery, autos, and goods inflation over time.
Layoffs are steady at an uncomfortably elevated level near the upper end of recent years' range, but the number of people continuing to file claims is climbing sharply.
How does this make sense?
• Jobless claims were unchanged vs the prior week at 248k (242k consensus), but something else is worth taking note of...
• Continuing claims jumped over 50k to 1.95m (1.91m cons), the highest non-pandemic level since 2018.
More details in the 🧵
First, how can the unemployed population (i.e. continuing claims) rise without a corresponding rise in initial jobless claims?
This is a symptom of a cooling labor market, where people struggle to secure a new job after losing their old job.
We can see this building stress in the labor market by looking at the exhaustion rate for unemployment insurance (UI) benefits.
The exhaustion rate is the share of UI recipients who use up their full benefit period (typically 26 weeks) without finding a job.
Effectively, workers are increasingly not able to find a new job within 6 months of losing their prior job and running out of benefits.
Seeing a lot of excitement about the strength in personal income growth through April (+0.8% m/m, sa).
The details of the report should temper that enthusiasm.
While growth in employee compensation and small business owner incomes were solid through April, the recent surge in income has come from transfer receipts (i.e. payments to individuals from the government and businesses).
More detail on what's behind the recent surge in the 🧵
Here's another way of looking at the contribution to monthly personal income growth... a smoothed 3-month average of the contribution.
Here, you can clearly see the surge in the red line, reflecting the tailwind to income growth coming from transfer receipts.
Here is where it's important to read the Technical Notes of data releases...
According to the BEA, "the increase in personal income in April reflected increases in in government social benefits to persons" led by an increase in Social Security payments associated with payments for the Social Security Fairness act.
Another inflation report, another downside miss with tariffs still MIA...
Or were they?
April Producer Price Index (PPI) plunged by -0.5% m/m, the worst monthly decline since the early days of the pandemic.
Let's dig into what happened in the 🧵
The drag in April came almost entirely from Final Demand for Services (-46bps of the -47bps headline figure), while Core Goods (ex Food & Energy) added 8bps to final demand PPI inflation.
So, maybe tariffs weren't missing after all, if goods prices rose while services prices were falling?
That's likely the case, as core goods prices surged by 0.47% m/m, the fastest pace since the high-inflation pandemic era and a notable acceleration from the recent 3-month average (0.19%).
In fact, when excluding the pandemic era, April ’25 was the strongest growth in the PPI for Core Finished goods since Oct ’17.