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Jul 23 18 tweets 7 min read Read on X
The greatest men in history didn’t sit back and watch their men fight from afar — they led from the front.

A thread on courageous leaders who fought alongside their troops🧵 Image
1. Leonidas

The Spartan king showed his willingness to sacrifice for his people when he, along with a cohort of vastly outnumbered Greeks, fought to the death at Thermopylae in 480 BC.

Despite his death, he’s become immortal in the legend that surrounds his epic last stand. Image
2. Alexander the Great

Alexander was a huge inspiration to his troops as he led his men from the front during his unprecedented military campaigns.

His bravery came at a cost though—he suffered several injuries, notably a slash to the head and thigh, and an arrow to the lung. Image
3. Pyrrhus of Epirus

In 289 BC, an enemy commander sought out Pyrrhus on the battlefield:

“After hurling spears at each other they fought it out with swords. Pyrrhus was wounded, but in return wounded his opponent twice…Pantauchus’ bodyguards had to carry him away.“ Image
4. Scipio Africanus

Known mostly for his victory against Carthage, Scipio also earned fame in Spain.

In 151 BC he killed a Spanish chieftain in single combat, and later at Intercatia won the corona muralis (“mural crown”), given to the first man over an enemy’s walls. Image
5. Julius Caesar

One reason Caesar's men loved him so much was that he led from the front, often being the first to charge into enemy lines. His willingness to put himself in harm’s way earned him respect and loyalty, so much that his soldiers would “cross the Rubicon” for him. Image
6. El Cid

One of the most legendary warriors of all time and an integral part of the Reconquista, El Cid earned respect from both the Moorish and Spanish sides. He won an impressive number of battles, notably the conquest of Valencia in 1094. Image
7. Richard III

The last English king to die in battle, he fought against Tudor forces in 1485 where he unhorsed Sir John Cheyne, a jousting champion, and killed Henry's standard bearer.

His historian recorded he died "fighting manfully in the thickest press of his enemies." Image
8. Hernán Cortés

In 1519 Cortés famously ordered his men to burn their ships so that they’d know there was no going back.

He went on to overthrow the Aztec Empire with only a small band of Spanish men (and many Native allies), proving he wasn’t afraid to go against the odds. Image
9. John III Sobieski

As the Ottomans besieged Vienna in 1683, Sobieski, king of Poland, rushed to their aid with roughly 25000 men.

He then led an attack against the besiegers which culminated in a cavalry charge 18000 strong, including 3000 of the famous “winged hussars”. Image
10. Gustavus Adolphus

Known as the “Father of Modern Warfare”, Adolphus helped Sweden become a dominant military power and an integral player in the Thirty Years War.

He reportedly entered battle with little armor, proclaiming "The Lord God is my protector!" Image
11. Washington

At the Battle of Monongahela in 1755, several officers had been killed, so Washington rode into the fray and reestablished order in the ranks. Two horses were shot underneath him and four musketballs pierced his jacket, but the future president was left unharmed. Image
12. Horatio Nelson

Nelson was instrumental in winning the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 by sailing his outnumbered British fleet directly into the enemy’s flank, splitting them in two.

His own HMS Victory led the way, and Nelson was shot and killed during the battle. Image
13. Napoleon

Perhaps the greatest military mind in history, Napoleon was also unquestionably brave. At the Battle of Toulon in 1793, he led the attack and took a bayonet to the thigh. And later at Arlon in 1796 he rushed onto a dike in the line of fire, hoping to inspire his men Image
14. Teddy Roosevelt

Roosevelt inspired his “Rough Riders” through his bravery during the Spanish-American War.

At Las Gausimas in 1898, Roosevelt narrowly avoided bullets splintering into trees near him. Later at San Juan Heights, he led a charge up Kettle Hill, winning the day Image
15. Albert I

King Albert commanded the Belgian army during WW1. At the Battle of Liège in 1914, he went to the front lines, inspiring his men due to the presence of their king. They lost the battle, but Albert’s continued to lead his nation from the front throughout the war. Image
History is full of leaders who weren’t afraid to lead from the front, but we're sorely lacking in it today.

Who would you add to the list?
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More from @thinkingwest

Jul 17
The Ancient Greeks basically invented Western philosophy. 2500 years on and we’re still studying their ideas.

Here are 10 Greek philosophers you need to know🧵 Image
1. Thales, 7th cent. BC

Thales was part of a new generation of thinkers trying to uncover how the cosmos were constructed without relying on the gods as an explanation. An early Monist, he considered a single element to be the main building block of the cosmos. Image
2. Anaximander, 610 BC

A student of Thales, Anaximander saw the cosmos as ruled by laws, similar to human societies. Any action that disturbed the divine law would fail. He also explored astronomy, tracking the movements of the heavenly bodies, and developed a map of the cosmos. Image
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Jul 11
Every civilization eventually dies — it’s inevitable.

But what can be done about it? What will you do when civilization crumbles around you?

According to historian Arnold Toynbee, there are precisely 3 options — and only one leads to survival…🧵 Image
Toynbee was an English historian who published the 12 volume work “A Study of History,” which traced the life cycle of about two dozen world civilizations.

He attributed the growth and flourishing of civilizations to the creative energies of their leaders. Image
But once this energy is lost, disintegration and schism follow. A civilization then looks for new ways to recover its creativity.

Toynbee posited that during this phase citizens adopt new beliefs unlike the one that helped the civilization flourish in the first place. Image
Read 25 tweets
Jul 9
Early Christians had a complete Bible by the 4th century — but that’s not the only thing they were reading to deepen their faith.

Here’s what books the early Church read besides the Bible🧵 Image
1. The Didache, Anonymous, 1st cent.

The Didache is a brief discourse that contains moral and ritualistic teachings—a handbook for a Christian life.

It’s speculated the apostles wrote it, and contains the formulas for baptism and eucharist that are still used today. Image
2. The Shepherd of Hermas, Hermas, 2nd cent.

St. Iranaeus considered it to be canonical scripture. Though it missed the cut, it’s a fascinating work that centers around the life of a former slave who's given mystical visions and parables informing him how to live a faithful life Image
Read 11 tweets
Jun 26
What do Sun Tzu, Machiavelli, and Otto von Bismarck all have in common?

They knew that in order to rule effectively, one must shun ideology.

Instead, they embraced realpolitik: rule based on facts, not lofty ideals…🧵 Image
So what is realpolitik?

Realpolitik, as it is understood today, is the approach of making political or diplomatic decisions based on the given circumstances of a matter, not on moral or ethical considerations.

It’s political pragmatism to the nth degree. Image
The 19th century German writer Ludwig von Rochau first coined the term. He described it as the implementation of the idea that “the law of power governs the world of states just as the law of gravity governs the physical world.”
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Jun 17
If you like Greek or Roman classics, you can thank a monk.

Just as much as on any battlefield, Western civilization was safeguarded within the quiet confines of a monastery...🧵 Image
In the 6th century, the fate of western Europe was uncertain.

Barbarians had deposed the Roman emperor; age-old institutions were left decaying; the flame of civilization almost gone…

But at a monastery in Calabria, a monk named Cassiodorus toiled to keep this flame alight. Image
Born into an aristocratic family, Cassiodorus’ early career was a far cry from his later vocation.

He rose through the ranks of the Roman political scene, ultimately reaching Praetorian Prefect, the highest administrative role in the empire directly under Theodoric the Great. Image
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Jun 15
Who were the 5 good emperors?

Despite wielding absolute power, they used their authority to maintain peace and stability throughout the Roman empire and ushered in an age of unparalleled cultural heights🧵 Image
In order, they were:

Nerva (reign 96–98 AD)
Trajan (98–117)
Hadrian (117–138)
Antoninus Pius (138–161)
Marcus Aurelius (161–180)

Notably, they were not a bloodline. All were either adopted, or in Nerva’s case, raised to power by assassins of Domitian (the previous emperor). Image
Machiavelli coined the term the “good emperors,” claiming their quality as leaders was a direct result of them being adopted and not inheriting the throne via blood.

He maintained that those who were raised to power by virtue of mere blood usually ended up being poor leaders. Image
Read 23 tweets

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