James Throt MBBS, MD, PhD, FRCPath Profile picture
Aug 13 18 tweets 6 min read Read on X
Surging aggression. Language delays. Developmental issues. Teachers & parents report major changes in children

Lockdowns are often blamed. But many lockdowns were short (e.g. UK)

So what else changed in early childhood since 2020?

I’m a neurologist. Let's talk COVID & brains🧵
Let's be clear: lockdowns may have had an impact on some children, especially in unsafe homes or w/poor digital access. That shouldn't be denied.

But what we're seeing now goes far beyond what short-term isolation would explain, especially in children born after lockdowns ended.
Babies aren't socialised in their first 2-3 months to protect their fragile immune systems. Instead, they focus on bonding with caregivers.

So blaming lockdowns for behavioral issues in babies born during or after 2020 ignores the major factor: widespread infections in infancy. Image
Since 2020, UK children (incl infants) have been repeatedly infected with SARS-CoV-2:

- A virus that enters the brain
- Damages grey & white matter
- Shrinks the frontal cortex
- Alters neurological development

This is even after mild & asymptomatic infections.
The frontal lobe governs:

- Impulse control
- Language acquisition
- Emotional regulation
- Social behaviour
- Attention & learning
- Empathy

Subtle damage during development can profoundly affect behaviour and cognition.
Teachers are reporting:

- More violence, even in reception and Key Stage 1
- Children hitting staff & peers
- Difficulty with attention & following instructions
- Emotional volatility
- Delays in speech, literacy, writing, and social development

This is systemic. And new.
UK lockdowns were short-lived:

- Nurseries & early years reopened June 2020
- All year groups returned to school in September 2020
- Under-5s faced few social restrictions

Yet the youngest cohorts, many born after lockdowns, are showing the most concerning outcomes.

Why? Image
Here's what changed... mass infection became policy:

- No clean air in schools
- No real protections for staff or students
- No vaccines for under-5s
- Reinfections normalised, even encouraged to achieve "herd immunity"

COVID became routine for children.

That has consequences.
COVID is not just a respiratory virus.

It's neuroinvasive. It can:

- Cross the blood-brain barrier
- Persist in neural tissue
- Trigger brain inflammation
- Shrink the frontal cortex
- Affect white matter, connectivity, cognition

Even in mild /asymptomatic illness.
Even children born after lockdowns ended, who missed the brunt of restrictions, are showing worrying developmental trends:

- Delayed speech
- Poor attention span
- Trouble with emotional regulation
- Language & learning gaps

Kids will have had 3-6 covid infections before age 6.
Meanwhile, children who lived through the peak pandemic years are now in classrooms, and teachers are reporting:

- Violent outbursts
- Severe attention issues
- Struggles with empathy, self-control, and literacy

This points to something deeper than just lockdowns.
Multiple studies show COVID-19 affects developing brains:

🧠 Infants born to infected mothers show altered brain structure
🧠 Children post-covid show cognitive delays and inflammation
🧠 Even mild cases leave long-term neurological footprints
🧠 Risk grows with each reinfection Image
Image
In short:

UK children are being repeatedly infected, often within their most vulnerable developmental windows, by a virus that damages the brain.

We are normalising this. Ignoring it. Blaming everything but the virus itself.

That is a societal failure of staggering proportions
This thread isn't about fear, it's about recognition

Lockdowns had an impact, yes, but something else is driving this

We owe it to children to ask the hard questions

To protect them from repeat brain injury that may alter their development, and their futures, permanently

END Image
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It should come as no surprise that this situation ⬇️ is quickly deteriorating, having been reported on TODAY.

“Disturbing rise in domestic abuse among 16 to 25 year olds”

“Children as young as nine are asking about violent pornography and displaying misogynistic behaviour.”
I have no idea why Twitter/X decided to remove the images from the initial post in the thread, and instead write out a link for the tweet as a replacement.

But here is what was originally attached:
I would like to address today’s news that A-Level results have “risen again” and “top grades are up”, when this is in complete contradiction to the bulk of this thread.

My quoted thread below deals with this phenomenon and explains exactly what is going on here…
“Should be of concern to all of us”

Yet they turn a blind eye to the root cause of the problem.

These are our policymakers.

Frightening really.

(This is Canada, the problem is ubiquitous)

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More from @JamesThrot

Dec 9
You don’t have to be a neurologist to see patterns.

Everyone I know who avoids mitigation looks noticeably different from their pre-covid selves. In temperament, in consistency, in emotional regulation, in decision making.

The changes are everywhere. People just normalised them
A key problem we have is that neurological changes often impair the very systems needed to notice those changes.

It’s an anosognosia-like loop.

The more dysregulated someone becomes, the more convinced they are that nothing is wrong.
At population level, impairment camouflages itself.

If everyone’s executive function declines a little, the new baseline feels ‘normal’.

People compare themselves to the surrounding decline, not their pre-2020 selves.
Read 6 tweets
Nov 26
If you still believe COVID left the population “unchanged”, open a dating app. It sounds absurd, but stay with me here.

The cognitive bluntness is so widespread that the dating platforms themselves have had to acknowledge behavioural deterioration since 2020.

It’s not subtle🧵
Since 2020, apps report the same pattern: shorter messages, less reciprocity, fewer follow-ups, lower meet-up rates & a collapse in sustained conversational ability.

This isn’t just “people being tired”. It’s a measurable degradation of attention, initiative & social cognition.
The cause?

- repeated COVID infections impairing cognitive stamina/reward processing

- chronic low-grade fatigue

- dopamine systems altered by COVID/crises

- widespread emotional numbing

- increased avoidance as default coping mechanism

All the above = social “flatlining”
Read 17 tweets
Nov 24
Oh they know.

The reason any utter of the word “COVID” is met with awkward silence, abrupt subject changes, or mockery is no coincidence.

That’s what denial looks like when the stakes are too high for people to admit what they already sense.

You’re letting them off too easily.
Universal internet access & AI at everyone’s fingertips in year 6/7 of COVID. Yet we’re still pretending the public is merely “uninformed”?

This isn’t a knowledge gap, it’s deliberate avoidance, a psychological defence to shield people from the consequences of their own choices.
And here’s the part people pretend not to understand: we don’t rely on governments or legacy media for any other major issue

Nobody waits for official guidance to form opinions on Gaza, Epstein, climate collapse, corruption/surveillance. People “do their own research” constantly
Read 6 tweets
Nov 16
There’s a pervasive misunderstanding in conversations about COVID’s neurological impact.

Many people assume that saying “frontal lobe damage reduces empathy” means everyone who’s had COVID instantly becomes amoral & unethical.

That’s reductionism at its finest. 🧵
Frontal lobe impairment is not an on/off switch.

Someone with naturally high empathy can still appear extremely empathetic, even if their capacity has measurably declined.

It’s a shift, not a reset.
At the population level, repeated SARS-CoV-2 infections subtly alter impulse control, moral reasoning and susceptibility to manipulation.

This doesn’t mean every individual loses morality, but society-wide trends can shift in meaningful ways.
Read 6 tweets
Nov 15
Let’s talk about one of the most dangerous and under-discussed consequences of SARS-CoV-2: neurological damage. More specifically, frontal lobe dysfunction.

This is being deliberately downplayed, in part due to a misguided weaponisation of “ableism” discourse. That’s a problem🧵
Here’s the truth.

SARS-CoV-2 is a neurotropic virus. It can invade the central nervous system, either directly or through inflammatory damage.

It’s been detected in brain tissue, and it can cause lasting neurological impairment.

This is not speculative.
The frontal lobe governs executive function, impulse control, empathy, moral reasoning & inhibition. Damage here can lead to:

- Aggression
- Impulsivity
- Gullibility
- Bigotry
- Loss of social inhibition
- Apathy
- Antisocial traits

This is basic neurobiology, not ableism.
Read 12 tweets
Nov 11
Calling it “ableist” to discuss SARS-CoV-2 related frontal lobe dysfunction misunderstands both neurology & ethics

Frontal lobe injury can cause apathy/disinhibition/moral blindness & aggression since these are the functions the region governs

This is neurobiology, not stigma🧵
Autism/ADHD/PTSD etc are forms of innate neurodiversity. Stable, lifelong neurotypes

Frontal lobe injury from COVID is acquired neurodegeneration. A progressive erosion of neural circuits governing empathy, foresight, inhibition & moral reasoning

Conflating the two erases both.
Frontal lobe damage, whether from traumatic brain injury, dementia or viral neuroinflammation, is well known to alter personality & behaviour.

It’s not a moral judgement. It’s anatomy.

The prefrontal cortex is literally the “brake” that tempers impulse, aggression & egocentrism
Read 14 tweets

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