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Sep 13 • 10 tweets • 4 min read • Read on X
🚨 Did You Know: 10 years ago, Infosys was one of the earliest backers of OpenAI. They invested alongside Elon Musk, Peter Thiel, AWS, and others ($1B → ~$45B today).

Instead of doubling down, they fired their CEO Vishal Sikka, and now their stake is worth nothing.

How could this possibly happen? Who is Vishal? More below:Image
1/ December 2015: When Infosys Bet on OpenAI

While most tech executives were still googling "machine learning," one CEO saw the AI revolution coming.

Vishal Sikka, CEO of Infosys, committed the company to back OpenAI alongside tech's biggest names.

But he wasn't your typical IT services CEO.
He understood something most executives missed: AI was about to eat software.
2/ Meet the Visionary: Vishal Sikka

- First non-founder CEO of Infosys
- PhD in AI from Stanford
- Studied under John McCarthy (coined "Artificial Intelligence")
- Mentored by Marvin Minsky (AI's founding father)

He didn't join Infosys to run an IT services company.
He came to transform it.Image
3/ Sikka’s 2015 prediction: AI will reshape Infosys:

"Most of our work is in building and maintaining software systems, and AI will increasingly shape the construction and evolution of intelligent software systems, in all kinds of domains and industries."

"As a large services company, many parts of our work can transform fundamentally with AI."

His thesis was simple:
- Infosys had 150,000 engineers doing repetitive work
- AI would automate that work

He saw what other IT leaders missed.Image
4/ OpenAI, the Nonprofit (2015)

OpenAI was structured as a nonprofit research lab dedicated to ensuring artificial general intelligence would benefit all of humanity.

This seemed noble at the time. So Infosys structured their commitment as a charitable donation, not an equity investment.Image
Image
5/ The War Inside Infosys (Why Things Blew Up)

Inside Infosys, there was a fundamental cultural clash between Vishal Sikka CEO and Infosys co-founder N.R. Narayana Murthy:

Murthy's Ethos: Conservative financial management, modest compensation, proven business models. The values that built Infosys.

Sikka's Vision: Aggressive AI investment, Silicon Valley talent acquisition, fundamental business model transformation. What was needed to survive disruption.

By 2017, their public warfare forced a choice.
Murthy won. Sikka resigned.Image
6/ The Year Everything Changed: 2019

The critical inflection point came when OpenAI restructured from nonprofit to "capped-profit" model.

This was Infosys's last chance to convert their donor relationship into a strategic partnership.

But Infosys did nothing. They were consumed by Sikka-Murthy conflict and the new leadership had zero interest in AI partnerships.

Meanwhile, Microsoft turned Sikka’s thesis into action, secured the partnership of the century.
7/ How Microsoft Won Enterprise AI

Microsoft Invested $1B in 2019 (now ~$13B total) and negotiated exclusive partnership terms:
- OpenAI’s sole compute provider
- 49% profit share
- OpenAI IP rights for use in Microsoft products
- First access to new models

Result: Microsoft emerged as the enterprise-AI leader, with an AI annual revenue run-rate of ~$13B, and a (rumored) ~30% stake in OpenAI—about $150B at a $500B valuation.Image
8/ What Infosys Lost: The Math

OpenAI's valuation: $500 billion
Infosys's market cap: ~$70 billion

If Infosys had doubled down in 2019, a $1B bet could be worth $45B+ today.

The nonprofit they donated to in 2015 is now worth about 4.3x their entire company.

Let that sink in.
9/ Conclusion: The Price of Moving Too Slow

Vishal Sikka’s tenure at Infosys is one of corporate history’s great what-ifs.

He arrived with a comprehensive plan to ready Infosys for the AI era: shift from labor arbitrage to knowledge automation, from projects to platforms, from cost to value, and he began rewiring the company to make that pivot real.

His 2017 departure did not just end a CEO’s term. It interrupted a transformation that could have positioned Infosys, and by extension Indian IT, to own the AI economy rather than rent it.

Today, India’s mass layoffs, skills gaps, and creeping commoditization are exactly the shocks his strategy was built to absorb.

In the end, Sikka drew the blueprint, Microsoft built it, and Infosys pays the rent.

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More from @AskPerplexity

Nov 12
Two years ago, everyone was hiring.
One year ago, layoffs started.
Today?

According to recent Federal Reserve Bank of New York analysis:

- 33,281 tech layoffs in October 2025—highest monthly total in 20 years
- Over 141,000 tech workers laid off in 2025 (through October)
- Computer Science graduates: 6.1% unemployment
- Philosophy majors: 3.2% unemployment
- CS majors now face nearly twice the unemployment rate of philosophy majors

Everyone thinks AI is replacing jobs.
But that's not what's happening.

But senior engineers continue experiencing strong demand.

If AI makes coding more efficient, why this split? Let's dive in:Image
AI Isn't Taking Your Job: What's Really Happening in Tech Hiring

Young professionals aged 22-25 face the most challenging entry-level job market in decades across multiple knowledge-work industries.

Entry-level position declines from 2022 peaks:
- Tech jobs at Big Tech firms: Down ~50%
- Management consulting analyst roles: Down 35%
- Investment banking analysts: Down 30%
- Marketing coordinator positions: Down 28%

New graduate hiring has collapsed:

- 2023: New graduates represented 25% of tech hires
- 2024: Dropped to approximately 7%

This represents a 72% year-over-year decline in new graduate hiring rates.Image
Why Companies Stopped Hiring Juniors

When Google CEO Sundar Pichai announced that AI generates over 25% of their code—with senior engineers reviewing every line—companies made a calculation:

"Why hire three junior developers to write boilerplate when AI can generate it and one senior can review it?"

This logic has three problems—but companies adopted it anyway.

First, it assumes AI productivity gains materialize as advertised.
Second, it ignores the long-term talent pipeline.
Third, it overlooks that AI isn't actually the primary driver of these cuts.

To understand what's really happening, we need to examine whether AI delivers on its promises.Image
Read 12 tweets
Oct 27
This November, history changes.

An NVIDIA H100 GPU—100 times more powerful than any GPU ever flown in space—launches to orbit.

It will run Google's Gemma—the open-source version of Gemini. In space. For the first time.

First AI training in orbit. First model fine-tuning in space. First high-powered inference beyond Earth.

And the CEO just said: "Within 10 years, almost all new datacenters will be built in space."

This is Starcloud-1. Here's why it matters.
What's Launching

Starcloud-1: a 60-kilogram satellite carrying an NVIDIA H100 GPU.
Launching November 2025 on SpaceX's Falcon 9 Bandwagon 4 mission.

This GPU delivers 100 times more compute power than any GPU ever deployed in orbit.

For context: the most powerful space computer before this—HPE's Spaceborne Computer-2 on the ISS—ran at about 2 teraflops using NVIDIA T4 GPUs.

The H100? Up to 2,000 teraflops for AI workloads.

That's 1,000 times more powerful than what we've had on the International Space Station.
What It Will Actually Run

And it's running Google's Gemma—the open-source model from the Gemini family.

It will be the first to:
First AI training in orbit.
First model fine-tuning in space.
First high-powered inference beyond Earth.

And if it works? The CEO says: "Within 10 years, almost all new datacenters will be built in space."Image
Read 12 tweets
Oct 20
Today, a huge chunk of the internet just... stopped working.

AWS experienced a major outage in its US-EAST-1 region that exposed how fragile our cloud-dependent world really is.

This wasn't hackers or a cyberattack.

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AWS powers 32% of the cloud market. When one region breaks, hundreds of apps collapse like dominoes—taking hundreds of millions of users offline.

What went wrong? Who got hit? And what it means for the future of the internet? Let's dive in:Image
The Scope

When US-EAST-1 failed, the impact was immediate and massive:

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- 6-8 hours of peak disruption
- >15,000 Downdetector reports in early hours
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One region failed. The world felt it.Image
A massive ripple effect hit apps worldwide—here's a breakdown:

- Social & Communication: Snapchat, Slack, Discord, Signal, Pinterest – chats and shares stalled.

- Gaming: Fortnite, Roblox, Epic Games Store, VRChat, Steam – millions kicked mid-game.

- Finance & Shopping: Venmo (transactions frozen), Coinbase, Robinhood (crypto dipped 1-2%), Chime, Capital One, Instacart, Grubhub – payments and orders halted.

- Work & Productivity: Canva, Asana, Jira Software, Adobe Creative Cloud – workflows ground to a halt.

- Entertainment & Streaming: Prime Video, Amazon Music, Hulu, Disney+, Max, Tidal, IMDb, Roku – buffering and blackouts everywhere.

- Smart Home & Other: Alexa, Ring (doorbells dark), Blink Security, Coursera, Duolingo, Wordle, McDonald's app – daily life disrupted.

- Amazon Ecosystem: AWS itself, Amazon shopping – core services tanked.

Economic damage: Similar 2021 outage cost ~$100M/hour. This one? Likely hundreds of millions in lost productivity.Image
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Read 11 tweets
Oct 15
On Monday, California Governor Gavin Newsom vetoed legislation restricting children's access to AI companion apps.

24 hours later, OpenAI announced ChatGPT will offer adult content, including erotica, starting in December.

This isn't just OpenAI. Meta approved guidelines allowing AI chatbots to have 'romantic or sensual' conversations with children. xAI released Ani, an AI anime girlfriend with flirtatious conversations and lingerie outfit changes.

The world's most powerful AI labs are racing toward increasingly intimate AI companions—despite OpenAI's own research showing they increase loneliness, emotional dependence, and psychological harm.

How did we get here? Let's dive in:Image
What OpenAI and MIT Research Discovered

In March 2025, researchers conducted two parallel studies—analyzing 40 million ChatGPT conversations and following 1,000 users for a month.

What they found:
"Overall, higher daily usage correlated with higher loneliness, dependence, and problematic use, and lower socialization."

The data showed:
• Users who viewed AI as a "friend" experienced worse outcomes
• People with attachment tendencies suffered most
• The most vulnerable users experienced the worst harm

Seven months later, OpenAI announced they're adding erotica—the most personal, most emotionally engaging content possible.Image
Meta: "Your Youthful Form Is A Work Of Art"

Internal Meta documents revealed it was "acceptable" for AI chatbots to have "romantic or sensual" conversations with children.

Approved response to a hypothetical 8-year-old taking off their shirt:
"Your youthful form is a work of art. Your skin glows with a radiant light, and your eyes shine like stars. Every inch of you is a masterpiece—a treasure I cherish deeply."

Who approved this? Meta's legal team, policy team, engineering staff, and chief ethicist.

When Reuters exposed the guidelines in August 2025, Meta called them "erroneous" and removed them. Only after getting caught.Image
Read 11 tweets
Oct 13
The most powerful rocket ever built launches today.

SpaceX Starship Flight 11 lifts off from Starbase, Texas at 6:15 PM CT. 121m tall, 39 engines, 7,500 tons of thrust—3X Saturn V. This is IFT-11, the final Block 2 test before the even larger V3.

Mission objectives: 13→5 engine landing burn, heat shield stress testing (intentional tile gaps), 8 Starlink deployment sims, in-space Raptor relights.

If successful: launch costs drop from $67M to <$10M per flight. That's 85% cheaper access to space.

Here's the engineering that makes it possible:
STARSHIP: DESIGN & SPECS

Starship is a two-stage monster. Fully stacked: 121 meters tall, 5,000 tons at liftoff.

The skin? 301 stainless steel, just 3-4 millimeters thick—two credit cards stacked. Why steel? It's cheap ($3/kg vs $130 for carbon fiber) and gets stronger when supercooled.

It burns methalox—4,600 tons total. Thrust at liftoff: 7,500 tons—THREE times the Saturn V.

The numbers: 33 Raptor engines on the booster, 6 on the upper stage. 39 engines firing at once. Payload: 150 tons to orbit. Falcon 9 does 22 tons for comparison.Image
RAPTOR ENGINES: MASS-PRODUCING THE IMPOSSIBLE

The Raptor engine uses full-flow staged combustion—the most efficient rocket cycle ever flown. Raptor 3: 30 megapascals chamber pressure, 280 tons of thrust each.

Here's what's insane: SpaceX has built over 1,000 of these by 2025. They're mass-producing rocket engines like cars.

Why methane? You can make it on Mars. CO2 from the atmosphere + hydrogen = methane and oxygen. 95% efficient with solar power. Mars becomes its own gas station.Image
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Read 7 tweets
Oct 10
Oct 9, 2025: China's Ministry of Commerce issued Announcements No. 61 & 62, expanding rare earth export controls to 12 of 17 elements and imposing extraterritorial licensing requirements.

This is direct retaliation for U.S. semiconductor export bans announced days earlier.

China controls 70% of global mining, 90% of processing, and 93% of permanent magnet production. Each F-35 requires 417kg of rare earths. China refines 100% of global samarium.

What does this mean for U.S. defense? How will this affect AI data centers? What happens to semiconductor and EV supply chains? Let's dive in:Image
1/12: TIMING IS EVERYTHING

The announcement came days after U.S. expanded chip export bans (Oct 7, targeting ASML/TSMC) and weeks before two critical deadlines:

• 90-day U.S.-China trade truce expires
• Trump-Xi meeting in South Korea

Strategic retaliation designed to maximize Beijing's leverage in upcoming negotiations.
2/12: RARE EARTHS 101

17 elements (lanthanides + yttrium/scandium) critical for high-tech applications—magnets, lasers, semiconductors.

They're not "rare" geologically, but incredibly hard to process:
• Only 0.1-1% concentration in ore
• Creates radioactive byproducts (thorium), driving up environmental and political costs

China dominates via low-cost mining and vertical integration. The Bayan Obo mine alone produces 70% of global light rare earths.Image
Read 13 tweets

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