Paul Saladino, MD Profile picture
Sep 15 โ€ข 16 tweets โ€ข 3 min read โ€ข Read on X
Taurine is the next creatine.

Hear me out...

RCTs in humans show clear benefits from taurine (1-6g per day) in both disease states and for exercise performance.

Taurine is powerful stuff. ๐Ÿงต Image
Blood pressure reduction (PMID: 26781281), both SBP (systolic) and DBP (diastolic)

Improved vascular function in Type 2 DM (40546935)

Improved markers of metabolic syndrome including SBP/DBP, decreased triglycerides, decreased fasting glucose (38755142)
Decreased HgbA1c, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, fasting insulin in type II DM and obesity cohorts (35769396, 39796489)
If taurine were a drug that the Pharma industry could patent we'd have a blockbuster on our hands here.

What else can do this without significant side effects?

No pharmaceuticals that I am aware of. Improving food quality could though...

And look at exercise outcomes:
Improved endurance outcomes (29546641) in a meta analysis of & trials looking at time to exhaustion (TTE).

Increased heat tolerance with increased sweating and decreased heat strain (30776254). Increased TTE by 10%, decreased blood lactate by 16.5% with single pre-exercise dose (50mg/kg).
Animal meat and organs are without a doubt the best food sources of taurine (and creatine fwiw).

Yet another argument against a plant-based diet.

Beef cheek (masseter muscle) is the clear winner here, with around 368mg taurine per 100g.
Most beef ends up in the 50-100mg taurine/100g range with things like flatiron steak also having above average amounts.

Dark meat chicken is a great source of food based taurine ~150mg+/100g. (12864905)
There is a large amount of variability in taurine content based on cuts of beef and dark vs white meat chicken.

Organs like beef heart and liver are also rich in taurine.

Use this paper as a reference if you are curious (PMID 12864905).
Cooking can degrade taurine up to 50%, another reason to cook your meat rare/medium rare.

Or just eat it raw.

Beef cheek tartare for Taurine maxing anyone? See original photo for inspiration.
Eating beef cheek or dark meat chicken (not raw!) could get you close to 1000mg of taurine per day with just food.

Grass fed and finished beef shows higher amounts of taurine and other nutrients relative to grain finished beef. (22063884).

Quality matters!
Unlike creatine, there does not seem to be a loading effect, and a single dose of taurine as been shown to be beneficial for performance (40852891).

In some studies doses >3g perform better than lower doses for glycemic reduction but it seems the jury is still out on optimal supplemental dosing.
Since taurine is an amino acid, free form supplementation is pretty straight forward and safe.

Side effects at higher doses include GI upset. Would be interesting to see long term safety data at doses >3g per day.
At this point I do not supplement taurine, but I focus on getting 1.5 lbs of meat + some organs (1/2 oz liver + 2-3 ox heart) from grass fed beef on a daily basis.

I look for beef cheeks when I can find them, and eat them raw as tartare.

Steaks are cooked rare- flatiron is on the menu often.
Are you guys taurine maxing yet or nah? What are you waiting for?

If you need help designing an animal-based diet there is a free animal-based calculator on my website paulsaladinomd.com
And yes, I apologize in advance if butchers everywhere are soon sold out of beef cheeks.

I stocked up before I wrote this post. ๐Ÿ˜‚
And yes, this is something energy drink makers got right but eating a steak would be better!

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More from @paulsaladinomd

Apr 2
I am not a fan of methylene blue. The data clearly shows that unless you have a block in your electron transport chain, it LOWERS ATP production in your mitochondria.

I think most people are conflating MAO-A inhibition and serotonergic effects with mitochondrial benefit.
Yes, metabolic dysfunction is common but methylene blue is not the way to address this.

The easy root cause solution is to cut out seed oils and processed sugars rather than turning your tongue (and brain) blue.
PMID: 21454572, 25277417, 35777722
Read 4 tweets
Mar 9
Sugar is bad for you, but not for the reason you think.

Sugar is NOT bad for you because it raises your blood sugar.

Sugar is bad for you because it causes dysbiosis in your gut => increases endotoxin =>inflammation/metabolic dysfunction.

A thread... ๐Ÿงต Image
From the outset, it's important to point out that "naked sugar" (think table sugar= sucrose and high fructose corn syrup) has different effects in the body than sugar consumed as a part of fruits/fruit juice/honey etc.. we'll get to this eventually...
Most believe that "naked sugar" is bad for you because if raises your blood glucose, but there is a dearth of evidence to actually suggest that raising your blood sugar is harmful for humans at all independent of pre-existing diabetes (PMID: 30249012). Image
Read 25 tweets
Jan 1
Fasting insulin is a SINGLE, CHEAP, EASY BLOOD TEST that could change the health landscape in the United States over night. Image
If every doctor ordered a fasting insulin ($30) on their patients -and knew how to interpret it**- we would immediately understand how great the burden of metabolic dysfunction in our country is and we could begin targeting it effectively.
The problem here is doctors are NOT taught that:

a) metabolic dysfunction (aka insulin resistance) lies at the root of the MAJORITY of chronic illness in our country...

b) metabolic dysfunction is EASILY diagnosable...

c) metabolic dysfunction is EASILY reversible.
Read 16 tweets
Aug 25, 2024
Seed oils ARE inflammatory. Full stop.

They increase oxidized LDL (PMIDs: 2008870, 14739118, 8432867, 28503188, 9488997).

Oxidized LDL is known to worsen atherosclerosis (PMID 24222937) and to bind C-reactive protein (CRP) (12244213) a marker of inflammation.

(All studies cited are in humans)

1/8Image
Seed oils increase Lp(a) (PMIDs: 21466598, 14739118).

Lp(a) is known to be pro-atherogenic, pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory (32453609)

2/8
Seed oils increase Lp-PLA2 (Lipoprotein-associated phosholipase A2) (PMID: 28503188).

Increased LP-PLA2 is strongly associated with increased cardiovascular disease (PMIDs: 22499993, 17431184) and cleaves oxidized phospholipids in LDL.

3/8
Read 8 tweets
Feb 13, 2024
You're not fat because you eat too much, you're fat because you eat the wrong foods...

(1/12) Image
Yes, eating too much of the wrong foods (ultra-processed foods) is doubly bad...

But it's the wrong foods that are CAUSING you to overeat, and therein lies the problem for many people.

(2/12)
Calorie counting/restriction may work in the short term but it almost always FAILS long term. (PMID 28657838)

Clearly, "eat less, move more" is horrible weight loss advice...

(3/12)
Read 12 tweets
Nov 28, 2023
What do the randomized controlled trials with seed oils in humans REALLY show when we look at them in detail?

Letโ€™s briefly look at ALL eleven of them and see where this leaves usโ€ฆ

Thread โฌ‡๏ธ Image
๐‘๐จ๐ฌ๐ž ๐‚๐จ๐ซ๐ง ๐Ž๐ข๐ฅ ๐“๐ซ๐ข๐š๐ฅ (๐‘๐‚๐Ž๐“) (๐๐Œ๐ˆ๐ƒ:๐Ÿ๐Ÿ’๐Ÿ๐Ÿ–๐Ÿ–๐Ÿ๐ŸŽ๐Ÿ“): 1965 - 2y follow up. 80 patients with ischaemic heart disease. 80g olive oil vs 80g corn oil per day vs control (diet as normal) .

Result: At two years, the proportion of patients remaining free of major cardiac events is greater for the control group (75%) than for the two oil groups (olive oil 57%, corn oil 52%).

Potential flaws: only the experimental group was instructed to avoid trans fats (TF), while the controlled group was believed to consume trans fat since it was given no advice on dietary fat. In spite of this, the group eating saturated fat had better cardiac outcomes than the experimental group.

TLDR: ๐’๐ž๐ž๐ ๐จ๐ข๐ฅ๐ฌ ๐–๐Ž๐‘๐’๐„ ๐Ÿ๐จ๐ซ ๐œ๐š๐ซ๐๐ข๐š๐œ ๐ž๐ฏ๐ž๐ง๐ญ๐ฌ despite control group likely consuming more TF.
๐Ž๐ฌ๐ฅ๐จ ๐ƒ๐ข๐ž๐ญ ๐‡๐ž๐š๐ซ๐ญ ๐’๐ญ๐ฎ๐๐ฒ (๐Ž๐ƒ๐‡๐’) (๐๐Œ๐ˆ๐ƒ: ๐Ÿ“๐Ÿ๐Ÿ๐Ÿ–๐Ÿ–๐Ÿ๐ŸŽ): 1958-1963 - 5y follow up. 412 participants, control group vs 76% of its calories from soybean oil in the experimental group.

Result: The experimental diet group had a significant reduction in serum cholesterol, which was associated with a reduced CHD relapse rate.

Potential flaws: The control group consumed 9.6% of their calories from trans fat. Experimental group encouraged to eat more nuts, fruits, and vegetables and to restrict their intake of refined grains and sugar.

TLDR: ๐๐จ๐จ๐ซ๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐œ๐จ๐ง๐ฌ๐ญ๐ซ๐ฎ๐œ๐ญ๐ž๐ ๐ญ๐ซ๐ข๐š๐ฅ. Control group consumed FAR more TF than the experimental group and the experimental group received significantly more dietary counseling.
Read 13 tweets

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