Imagine a school year where 4 out of 5 students and staff get sick with a respiratory infection.
That’s not a dystopia.
That’s what a new study just found in a large US school district.🧵
816 children and staff were followed from November 2022 to May 2023.
They self-collected nasal swabs, reported symptoms, and were tracked week after week.
Result.
85% had at least one virus detected
80% had at least one acute respiratory illness (ARI)
(sic!)
Think about what 80% means in real life.
Children missing weeks of learning
Parents juggling sick days and work
Teachers repeatedly falling ill while holding schools together
It’s systemic disruption.
The highest illness rates?
Preschoolers (pre-K)
And school staff
In other words - the youngest children, and the adults who care for them, are the most exposed.
So handwashing help, but they can’t touch the core problem - shared air.
Respiratory viruses spread in the spaces we breathe together. That means the air itself needs to be part of the solution.
Ventilation and filtration aren’t fancy extras.
They’re among the few simple, cost-effective tools that can
cut the viral load in classrooms
reduce transmission
improve attendance
and protect learning outcomes
For influenza or RSV, good air can nearly stop spread.
For highly infectious viruses like Omicron, it can’t eliminate transmission - but it can prevent an entire class from falling sick at once.
Parents are used to children being sick in school. It feels normal.
But numbers like these show it doesn’t have to be.
We’ve normalized disruption, when we could prevent it.
80% sick in one school year is not inevitable.
It’s a message.
Clean, healthy air in schools is both a public health intervention and an educational investment.
Goldman at al., Respiratory Virus Detection and Acute Respiratory Illness Rates in Students and Staff in Schools. publications.aap.org/pediatrics/art…
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New mega–meta-analysis on #LongCOVID ever prevalence.
Long COVID has affected 36% of people after a COVID-19 infection worldwide.
South America: 51%
Europe: 39%
Asia: 35%
USA: 29%🧵
Important note.
This 36% is “ever prevalence” - the share of people who at any point during follow-up had symptoms lasting ≥2 months after infection.
It does not mean they all still have symptoms today. Current prevalence is lower (eg 9% of US adults).
Why 2 months?
Different studies used different definitions of long COVID (WHO = 3 months, NASEM = 3 months, others = 2 months). To include the widest possible dataset, this meta-analysis defined long COVID as ≥1 new or persistent symptom lasting ≥2 months after infection.
A new Dutch study in BMJ Open 2025 followed people 2 years after COVID-19.
Even among those never hospitalized, 43% still had persistent symptoms.
This is a massive population-level impact.🧵
Hospitalized patients had higher prevalence of post-COVID (65%).
But they are a fraction of all infections.
The real burden comes from the huge group of mild cases!
The CORFU study = Corona Follow Up.
4,200 participants, 7 patient cohorts + controls.
Follow up at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months.
New study in COVID (MDPI) followed 297 people 3 years after a single COVID-19 infection.
Key message: cognitive performance did not return to normal. Even one infection left measurable deficits🧵
Participants.
Mild - 101
Moderate (hospitalized) - 101
Severe (ICU, hypoxia) - 95
These were infections from the era of the original virus & Alpha variant (up to 2021). Omicron was not yet circulating.
Scores after 3 years (higher = better).
Divided attention: 44.5 - 36.1 - 27.3
Working memory: 10.6 - 9.3 - 9.0
Executive control: 9.0 - 7.6 - 7.5
Verbal fluency: 14.6 - 14.3 - 12.2
Recognition memory: 23.9 - 23.2 - 21.6
Trend is clear: more severe illness = greater cognitive loss.
May a new NIH preprint rewrite the COVID textbooks?
Turns out SARS-CoV-2 doesn’t start with ACE2. It latches onto heparan sulfate clusters on the cell surface. ACE2 only acts later, inside endosomes. Robust methods. Still preprint.🧵
Why that matters - NIH labs have the time, tools, and independence to go deep. When they drop a preprint, it’s worth paying attention.
The tech here is next-level.
MINFLUX nanoscopy (1–3 nm precision)
STED super-resolution (60 nm)
electron microscopy
You can literally see individual virions docking.
Behind each number is a child. After COVID, kids had 2× higher risk of self-harm. Now, the same lead author Kim et al. 2025 shows: kids depression & anxiety diagnoses rise by 49% in the year after infection🧵
This was no small study. Researchers tracked 154,000 children aged 6–15 in Utah.
In 2021 -
9.2% of those with COVID developed new depression or anxiety vs 5.3% in children who never had COVID.
That’s almost a doubling of risk.
Severity mattered.
Mild COVID +40% risk.
Severe (hospitalization/ER) +59% risk.
The more severe the illness, the heavier the psychological toll.
A new preprint study shows that the SARS-CoV-2 protein ORF6 directly kills human neurons.
Not by accident, but through necroptosis - a kind of cell death where neurons burst and fuel inflammation.
This may underlie the long-term brain symptoms of Long COVID.🧵
Researchers tested 22 viral proteins. The most toxic? ORF6.
In neurons, it flipped on the necroptosis switch - RIPK3 and MLKL.
Biologically - these molecules punch holes in the cell membrane until the neuron literally ruptures.
In patient brain tissue, especially the hippocampus (memory center), they found the same pattern
dead neurons + necroptosis markers.
That’s a direct biological link between infection and symptoms like brain fog and memory loss.