IntegralAnswers Profile picture
Oct 14 11 tweets 1 min read Read on X
🧾 Reference List: Age-Associated Sarcopenia — Overview, Interventions, and Age-Phase Strategies
Part 1: Understanding Sarcopenia
1.Mitchell WK, et al. (2012). Sarcopenia, dynapenia and the impact of advancing age on human skeletal muscle size and strength; a quantitative review. Front Physiol. 3:260.
2.Cruz-Jentoft AJ, et al. (2019). Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing. 48(1):16–31.
3.Wilkinson DJ, et al. (2018). Age-related differences in muscle protein synthesis: responses to feeding and exercise. Sports Med. 48(Suppl 1):S53–S64.
Part 2: What Works?
4.Morton RW, et al. (2018). A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training–induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults. Br J Sports Med. 52(6):376–384.
5.Devries MC, Phillips SM. (2014). Supplementation strategies for optimizing muscle mass in the elderly. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 17(1):40–48.
6.Smith GI, et al. (2020). The effect of omega-3 fatty acids on skeletal muscle protein synthesis and muscle mass in older adults: A systematic review. Clin Nutr. 39(9):2515–2524.
7.Landi F, et al. (2016). Protein intake and muscle health in old age: From biological plausibility to clinical evidence. Nutrients. 8(5):295.
8.Rutherford SL, et al. (2020). HMB supplementation and resistance training in older adults: A meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 11(5):929–938
Drug Pipeline (Contextual Support)
9.Rooks D, et al. (2017). Effect of bimagrumab on thigh muscle volume and composition in men with inclusion body myositis: Proof-of-concept trial. Lancet Neurol. 16(9):708–718.

• • •

Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to force a refresh
 

Keep Current with IntegralAnswers

IntegralAnswers Profile picture

Stay in touch and get notified when new unrolls are available from this author!

Read all threads

This Thread may be Removed Anytime!

PDF

Twitter may remove this content at anytime! Save it as PDF for later use!

Try unrolling a thread yourself!

how to unroll video
  1. Follow @ThreadReaderApp to mention us!

  2. From a Twitter thread mention us with a keyword "unroll"
@threadreaderapp unroll

Practice here first or read more on our help page!

More from @IntegralAnswers

Oct 14
1/ Creatine is one of the most studied supplements ever.

But what do we actually know about how it works in people under 60 vs over 60?
Let’s separate strong evidence from hype.
🧵👇 Image
2/ 💪 Under 60: Dozens of RCTs and meta-analyses confirm creatine + resistance training (RT) increases strength and lean mass.

Typical gains: +4 kg upper-body & +11 kg lower-body 1RM vs placebo.

Quality = HIGH (>100 trials). PMID 39539539.
3/ Younger trained males show the most consistent response.

Women also benefit, but data are thinner.
Creatine helps you train harder for longer, not because it’s anabolic itself.

Quality = HIGH. (doi: 10.1186/s12970-017-0173-z)
Read 16 tweets
Oct 14
1/ Steve Kirsch is at it again — defending an unpublished, unreviewed “study” that even Henry Ford Health says didn’t meet scientific standards.

Let’s take apart his claims, line by line.
This one’s going to sting.
@IntegralAnswers Image
2/ Claim 1: “The Henry Ford study followed CDC guidelines.”

Reality: The 2012 CDC guidance covers post-licensure safety surveillance, not retrospective chart reviews.

Kirsch doesn’t know the difference between a VAERS analysis and a pediatric EHR cohort.
3/ Claim 2: “Cancer rates were equal → no detection bias.”

Absurd. Cancer is rare in toddlers. Similar rates say nothing about bias in diagnosing asthma, allergies, or developmental delay — conditions where health-care use drives detection.
Read 12 tweets
Oct 14
1/ Antivaxxers love this graph.
They claim it “proves vaccines didn’t save lives.”

But it’s one of the most misleading visuals ever shared. Let’s break down why. 👇 Image
2/ 🧩 First trick: it shows deaths, not disease cases.

By the 1940s, better hospitals & antibiotics helped people survive infections.

But nearly every child still caught measles or whooping cough.
#Epidemiology #PublicHealth Image
3/ 📊 In the pre-vaccine U.S.:
• 3–4 million measles infections every year
• 400–500 deaths
• 48,000 hospitalizations
• 1,000 brain injuries (encephalitis)
Deaths dropped—but the virus didn’t. Everyone still got measles.
#VaccinesSaveLives
Read 6 tweets
Oct 13
1/ Propaganda isn’t just lies shouted loudly.

It’s the systematization of belief.

Joseph Goebbels built that system for Hitler—turning mass communication into a weapon of control.

What he did. How he did it. What it achieved. Image
2/ Control
Appointed Minister of Public Enlightenment & Propaganda (1933), Goebbels controlled press, film, radio, and culture.

His brief: ensure every word, song, and image served one story—one leader, one nation, one truth. Image
3/ Cultural Domination
He merged state and media, licensing newspapers, scripting film, and blacklisting dissent.

Art, theatre, and music were remade to glorify unity and sacrifice.

Culture became a branch of government. Image
Read 13 tweets
Oct 13
No Bobby… sanitation didn’t wipe out measles.
Vaccines did.

When vaccination rates drop, diseases return.

When they rise, lives are saved.
🧵 Image
2/ If sanitation alone stopped measles…
why did measles still kill hundreds of thousands of children after clean water and sewage were universal?

Airborne viruses don’t care about plumbing. Image
3/ If nutrition was the key…
why did polio paralyze well-fed suburban kids in the 1950s?

Nutrition builds resilience, not immunity.
Vaccines do. Image
Read 15 tweets
Oct 12
1/Disinformation spreads faster than disease. Shot in the Arm follows how fear, fraud, and politics turned vaccines—the greatest lifesaving tool—into a cultural battlefield. This is about science, trust, and the social contract. Image
2/ Prologue: 1918 flu killed Karen’s great-great-grandmother. In 2020 she realizes the hard truth—denial and fatigue aren’t new. They’re human nature. We repeat the same mistakes unless we learn, together.
3/ Flashback to 2019: Measles roars back despite a safe, effective MMR. WHO flags vaccine hesitancy as a top global threat. When vaccines work “nothing happens”—and that success makes them easier to doubt.
Read 19 tweets

Did Thread Reader help you today?

Support us! We are indie developers!


This site is made by just two indie developers on a laptop doing marketing, support and development! Read more about the story.

Become a Premium Member ($3/month or $30/year) and get exclusive features!

Become Premium

Don't want to be a Premium member but still want to support us?

Make a small donation by buying us coffee ($5) or help with server cost ($10)

Donate via Paypal

Or Donate anonymously using crypto!

Ethereum

0xfe58350B80634f60Fa6Dc149a72b4DFbc17D341E copy

Bitcoin

3ATGMxNzCUFzxpMCHL5sWSt4DVtS8UqXpi copy

Thank you for your support!

Follow Us!

:(