Aravind Palraj Profile picture
Oct 21, 2025 12 tweets 4 min read Read on X
🧵100 timeless bedside gems every doctor should know.
Straight from Hutchison’s Clinical Methods — distilled into 10 clean infographics.

If you love real clinical medicine, this thread will remind you why you chose it.

🩺 Let’s bring back the art of examination 👇

(Save this thread — it’ll outlive most AI tools.) #MedTwitter #MedEd #FOAMed @DrAkhilX @IhabFathiSulima @drkeithsiau @DurgaPrasannaM1 @JasmineNephroImage
General Principles

1️⃣ The patient will tell you the diagnosis — if you learn to listen.

History first. Examination next. Investigations last.

🩺 The foundation Hutchison built 125 years ago still holds true. Image
General Inspection

2️⃣ The first 10 seconds matter.

How they walk, talk, sit, breathe — that’s your first set of vitals.

The best clinicians diagnose before touching the patient. Image
Vital Signs

3️⃣ “Count the pulse. Count the respirations. Feel the temperature.”

The basics we rush through are often the ones that save lives.

#ClinicalSkills Image
Hands and Arms

4️⃣ The hands are a diagnostic atlas.

Clubbing, tremor, palmar erythema, koilonychia — every sign tells a story.

👋 Start there. Image
Head and Neck

5️⃣ The face is a mirror of disease.

Addison’s bronze, Cushing’s moon, thyrotoxicosis stare, myxoedematous puffiness —
the entire endocrine chapter is right there. Image
Cardiovascular

6️⃣ Before the ECG, there was the pulse.

Before the echo, there was the stethoscope.

Hutchison reminds us: the rhythm of the heart begins in the fingertips. Image
Respiratory

7️⃣ The percussion note tells the truth before the CT does.

Hyperresonant, dull, stony — the chest speaks if you know the language.

🌬️ #MedTwitter Image
Abdominal

8️⃣ Inspection. Palpation. Percussion. Auscultation.

The four words that built internal medicine.

🩺 Each quadrant tells a story — you just have to listen. Image
Lower Limbs

🦵 Lower limbs: don’t skip them.

Check pulses, temperature, capillary refill, calf tenderness (DVT), varicose changes, and neuropathic loss.

Small findings in the legs often explain big system problems — vascular, neuro, or metabolic. Image
Neurology

1️⃣0️⃣ Examine the nervous system like poetry, not like code.

Tone, power, reflexes, coordination — rhythm and balance.

Hutchison called it “the art of pattern recognition.” Image
Closing / Summary

💯 100 Gems. 10 Infographics. 1 timeless lesson.

Machines may assist.
But bedside medicine will always belong to the human mind.

🩺 Keep learning. Keep examining. Keep observing.

— Dr. Aravind Palraj | #RheumRounds

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More from @Rheumat_Aravind

Jan 8
Tweet 1 🧵

Thrombocytopenia is encountered daily in the ER, ICU, and wards - yet it often triggers panic, shotgun testing, or delayed diagnosis.

A simple, bedside framework can clarify most cases within minutes.

Here’s a practical approach to thrombocytopenia in Internal Medicine 🧵

#InternalMedicine #Hematology @DrAkhilX @IhabFathiSulima #MedTwitter #ClinicalReasoningImage
Tweet 2 – First Rule

First rule:
Confirm it is real thrombocytopenia.

Always exclude:
• EDTA-related platelet clumping
• Pseudothrombocytopenia on analyzer

👉 Check the peripheral smear before anything else.

#Diagnostics #LabMedicine #PatientSafety Image
Tweet 3 – The Core Framework

Almost all causes of thrombocytopenia fall into three buckets:

1️⃣ Destruction
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If you identify the bucket, the diagnosis becomes straightforward.

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Dec 27, 2025
🧵 Modern Gout Management - Evidence-Based Thread

Tweet 1

Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis, yet nearly 80% of patients are suboptimally managed, leading to preventable flares, tophi, and joint damage.

Forget the old myths of “kings and diet.”

Here is the modern, evidence-based approach to gout management, aligned with ACR guidelines, for the busy clinician. 🧵

#MedEd #Gout #Rheumatology #InternalMedicine @DrAkhilX @IhabFathiSulimaImage
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MYTH: Gout is purely a “lifestyle disease” fixed by diet.

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Gout is primarily a genetically determined disorder of renal urate under-excretion.

You cannot “diet away” established gout. Medication is usually required.Image
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That requires a Treat-to-Target strategy:
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The Clinical Approach to a Positive Antinuclear Antibody (ANA):

A positive ANA is one of the most common consults in Internal Medicine, yet it is widely misunderstood.

Positive ANA ≠ Lupus.

It causes significant patient anxiety and unnecessary referrals.
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First, understand the pre-test probability.

ANA is not a screening test for fatigue or nonspecific pain.

Why? Up to 20–30% of the healthy population has a positive ANA at 1:40 titer. Even at 1:160, ~5% of healthy individuals are positive.

#Diagnostics #ClinicalPearls #PrimaryCareImage
The Titer is the key to specificity.

• 1:40 to 1:80: Low positive. Low clinical significance in isolation.
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Treat the patient, not the number.

#LabMedicine #RheumTwitter #MedTwitterImage
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Nov 17, 2025
Ozempic vs Mounjaro — the REAL 2025 comparison.
🧵Thread🔥👇
Everyone is talking about weight-loss drugs. But the REAL showdown is Ozempic vs Mounjaro — and the winner is clear.
Ozempic and Mounjaro should be prescribed ONLY after medical assessment — never self-started.

@DrAkhilX @IhabFathiSulima #MedTwitter #ozempic #mounjaro #weightloss #diabetesImage
1️⃣ Mechanism
Ozempic = GLP-1 agonist only
Mounjaro = Dual GLP-1 + GIP agonist
Dual agonism → stronger metabolic effect. Image
2️⃣ Weight loss
Ozempic: 10–15%
Mounjaro: 22%+ (SURMOUNT-3/4)
Mounjaro consistently produces greater and sustained loss. Image
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🧵 5 Lab Traps That Delay Lupus Diagnosis (with one example)

I’ve seen lupus hide behind “normal” labs more times than I can count.
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1️⃣ “ANA is negative, so it’s not lupus.”
Wrong.
Early SLE can have low-titer or even transiently negative ANA.
🧠 If your gut says lupus, repeat it after a few weeks.
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Read 8 tweets
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🧵“100 Named Clinical Signs — Hutchison’s Clinical Methods (25th Edition)”

AI detects patterns.
Hutchison detected patients.

Here are 100 named clinical signs that still shape bedside diagnosis —
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The lost language of observation begins below 👇
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General and Systemic Signs

1️⃣ The body speaks before the lab does.

From Murphy’s to Nikolsky’s — every sign here was discovered by listening to the patient, not the monitor.

The skin, breath, and reflex still tell the truth first. Image
Cardiovascular Signs

2️⃣ The pulse has poetry.

Corrigan, Quincke, de Musset — names that still echo with each beat.

You don’t need an echo when your fingers already know. Image
Read 12 tweets

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