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Mike Hoerger, PhD MSCR MBA Profile picture
@michael_hoerger
Nov 23 • 10 tweets • 4 min read • Read on X
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PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵1/10

With CDC data operational again, the transmission map is back. The data are always a week old, so transmission is likely worse than depicted.

We estimate 1 in 116 people actively infectious and 422,000 new daily infections. Heat map: Indiana and Arkansas with "moderate" transmission. All others, "low" or "very low" (CDC categories).
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵2/10

State level estimates are back. Note, the CDC changed their data processing approach in August, which tends to downplay transmission.

Does 1 in 45 in Indiana seem "moderate"?

Levels in MI may be mod/high (poor reporting). Alabama Very Low 1 in 153 (0.7%) Alaska Very Low 1 in 272 (0.4%) Arizona Low 1 in 63 (1.6%) Arkansas Moderate* 1 in 47 (2.1%) California Very Low 1 in 365 (0.3%) Colorado Very Low 1 in 137 (0.7%) Connecticut Low 1 in 103 (1.0%) Delaware Very Low 1 in 262 (0.4%) District of Columbia Very Low 1 in 418 (0.2%) Florida Very Low 1 in 408 (0.2%) Georgia Very Low 1 in 292 (0.3%) Guam Very Low 1 in 887 (0.1%) Hawaii Very Low 1 in 426 (0.2%) Idaho Very Low 1 in 116 (0.9%) Illinois Very Low 1 in 116 (0.9%) Indiana Moderate 1 in 45 (2.2%) Iowa Very Low 1 in 108 (0.9%) Kansas Very Low 1 in 109 (0.9%) Ke...
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵3/10

State-level estimates (continued).

Current levels may be much higher than noted here. Note that CDC data are always at least a week old. The 2nd half of November is a time period historically of accelerating transmission. Missouri Very Low 1 in 202 (0.5%) Montana Very Low* 1 in 114 (0.9%) Nebraska Low 1 in 95 (1.1%) Nevada Very Low 1 in 228 (0.4%) New Hampshire Low 1 in 78 (1.3%) New Jersey Very Low 1 in 192 (0.5%) New Mexico Very Low 1 in 151 (0.7%) New York Very Low 1 in 212 (0.5%) North Carolina Very Low 1 in 212 (0.5%) North Dakota Very Low* 1 in 116 (0.9%) Ohio Very Low 1 in 109 (0.9%) Oklahoma Low* 1 in 70 (1.4%) Oregon Very Low 1 in 194 (0.5%) Pennsylvania Very Low 1 in 111 (0.9%) Rhode Island Very Low 1 in 167 (0.6%) South Carolina Very Low 1 in 112 (0.9%) South Dakota Very Low 1 in 127 (0.8%) Tennes...
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵4/10

Transmission is estimated as low in the relative sense (1/3 of the recent wave peak) but high in the absolute sense (422,000 new daily).

On Dec 1 or 5, we should have more definitive info on the potential 12th wave. Graph of 11 waves
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵5/10

New weekly infections are estimated to result in considerable morbidity and excess mortality. Proportion Actively Infectious 1 in 116 (0.9%) New Daily Infections 422,000 Infections the Past Week 2,650,000 Infections in 2025 224,000,000 Cumulative Infections per Person 4.86 Long COVID Long COVID Cases Resulting 21,000 to 84,000 from New Daily Infections Long COVID Cases Resulting 133,000 to 530,000 from New Weekly Infections Excess Deaths Excess Deaths Resulting 120 to 200 from New Daily Infections Excess Deaths Resulting ...
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵6/10

If you joined 1,000 people for a funeral last week or plan to see family soon for Thanksgiving, remember exposure risk remains high in larger gatherings.

#MaskUp, test, clean the air, and get boosted ASAP. Number of People Chances Anyone is Infectious 1 0.9% 2 1.7% 3 2.6% 4 3.4% 5 4.2% 10 8.3% 15 12.2% 20 15.9% 25 19.5% 30 22.9% 50 35.2% 75 47.8% 100 58.0% 200 82.3% 300 92.6%
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵7/10

We have revived the old dashboard pie chart, now in "barometer" form. #CovidIsNotOver. #DuringCOVID is today.

There's more COVID out there than 37% of the days since the pandemic began. Current levels are higher than 43% of the past 100 days, 33% of the past 365 days, and 37% of all days since the pandemic onset.
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵8/10

Recent transmission (red line) has percolated in a lull longer than usual. Those CDC data are >1 week old.

We may see a later wave onset than usual (like last year), or the most recent data may get corrected upward. Year over year graph
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵9/10

A forecasting model allows one to formalize all of the variables one might use to predict future transmission. We expect to surpass 500,000 new daily infections around the end of the month.

We may not know that until 12/1 (bad news), 12/5 (likely), or 12/12 (late onset wave) because of the reporting lags.

Any day now, you will start to hear of people who do not track these data closely claiming that the winter will be "mild." That's a misunderstanding of reporting lags, historical transmission, and forecasting.

Use our state-level directory to keep tabs on what's happening closer to home. Even in the "very low" states, some places have high or very high transmission.Recent data and forecast
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵10/10

Now's the time to restock on tests, masks, and air filters, and get boosted if one has delayed doing so.

Thanks for your help in getting the word out. 🙏

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More from @michael_hoerger

Mike Hoerger, PhD MSCR MBA Profile picture
Nov 8
PMC COVID Update, Week of Nov 10, 2025 (U.S.)
1/6🧵

🔹301,000 new daily infections based on wastewater-derived models
🔹1 in 162 people (0.6%) actively infectious
🔹Levels the past 2 months corrected upward by Biobot
🔹"Lull point" estimated between Nov 5-21. Rising soon. Year over year graph, emphasizing that levels commonly rise in mid November
PMC COVID Update, Week of Nov 10, 2025 (U.S.)
2/6🧵

The central estimate of the forecast suggests we will surpass 500,000 new daily infections on Nov 22.

There's a 25% chance of a prolonged lull like last year. More likely, we are in wave territory by the end of the month. Close up of the most recent 3 months of data, including the forecast.
PMC COVID Update, Week of Nov 10, 2025 (U.S.)
3/6🧵

We are presently in a lull between the 11th and 12th wave. Now is the time to get boosted and stock up on N95 masks, tests, and air purifier filters.

Do a DIY fit test if you've been putting it off. Graph of the 11 waves
Read 6 tweets
Mike Hoerger, PhD MSCR MBA Profile picture
Nov 3
PMC COVlD Update, Nov 3, 2025 (U.S.)
1 of 9 🧵

The relative "lull" in SARS-CoV-2 transmission is unlikely to go much lower.

✨1 in 209 people are estimated actively infectious, likely the lowest levels of 2025 nationwide.

Get boosted. Stock up on masks, tests, & filters. Year-over-year graph
PMC COVlD Update, Nov 3, 2025 (U.S.)
2 of 9 🧵

No data presently suggest the rise of a winter wave any earlier than "usual."

If following historical trends, transmission will pick up Nov 15-29. Last year's rise was atypically late. Forecasted transmission
PMC COVlD Update, Nov 3, 2025 (U.S.)
3 of 9 🧵

Expect rising misinformation/disinformation as transmission heats up:
🔹Abuse of community notes, particularly surrounding wastewater methodology
🔹Paid bot army attacks, especially about boosters & masks
Read 9 tweets
Mike Hoerger, PhD MSCR MBA Profile picture
Oct 28
PMC COVlD Update, Oct 27, 2025 (US)

Transmission typically accelerates in mid-November.

We are currently in a relative 'lull.' We estimate about a quarter-million new daily infections with 1 in 185 people actively infectious. Still bad, likely to get worse.

1/9 🧵 year over year graph
PMC COVlD Update, Oct 27, 2025 (US)

Our forecast through November 8 calls for flat transmission.

Nothing yet indicates the onset of a winter wave, but it would also be atypical for the lull to last much longer than another 2-3 weeks.

2/9 🧵 Graph of recent transmission and current forecast
PMC COVlD Update, Oct 27, 2025 (US)

We estimate 264,000 new daily infections during this 'lull' period.

Biobot data have returned. Our substitute data from WWS last week correlated r=.97 (near perfect) with that, but Biobot did retroactively increase recent estimates.

3/9 🧵 Graph of the 11 waves of the pandemic
Read 9 tweets
Mike Hoerger, PhD MSCR MBA Profile picture
Oct 21
PMC COVlD Update, Oct 20, 2025 (U.S.)

SARS-CoV-2 transmission has fallen.
🔹1 in 191 (0.5%) actively infectious
🔹"Lull" levels at 20% of the summer peak
🔹255,000 new daily infections (still concerning)

Many will knock out higher-risk activities the next 2-4 weeks.
🧵1/11 Graph of the 11 waves, shows current lull.
PMC COVlD Update, Oct 20, 2025 (U.S.)

"Lull" transmission remains dangerous:
🔹1.8 million estimated new weekly infections
🔹>90,000 estimated new #LongCOVID conditions from this week's infections
🔹>500 excess deaths to result from this week's infections

🧵2/11 Infections Proportion Actively Infectious 1 in 191 (0.5%) New Daily Infections 255,000 Infections the Past Week 1,800,000 Infections in 2025 191,000,000 Cumulative Infections per Person 4.69 Long COVID Long COVID Cases Resulting 13,000 to 51,000 from New Daily Infections Long COVID Cases Resulting 90,000 to 360,000 from New Weekly Infections Excess Deaths Excess Deaths Resulting 70 to 120 from New Daily Infections Excess Deaths ...
PMC COVlD Update, Oct 20, 2025 (U.S.)

Exposure risk during "lull" transmission remains high when engaging in many social interactions.

Interacting with 25 people yields a 12% chance of exposure. 100 people? 41% chance of exposure, assuming no testing/isolation.

🧵3/11 Number of People Chances Anyone is Infectious 1 0.5% 2 1.0% 3 1.6% 4 2.1% 5 2.6% 10 5.1% 15 7.6% 20 10.0% 25 12.3% 30 14.5% 50 23.1% 75 32.5% 100 40.8% 200 64.9% 300 79.2%
Read 11 tweets
Mike Hoerger, PhD MSCR MBA Profile picture
Oct 11
PMC COVlD Wave Update (Europe)
11 October 2025 🧵

The PMC website includes an international directory of websites with COVlD wastewater monitoring. It is more up to date than the directories of the EU and WHO.

Let's review what's happening in Europe...

1/ world map, nations with surveillance shown in blue. URL says pmc19.com/global
Data in #Austria show a rising COVlD wave. The x axis (bottom) has infrequent labels, but the data shown go through October 8th.

Find more here:

2/ pmc19.com/austrialongitudinal graph
COVlD levels have been percolating in #Belgium, with "moderate" levels overall.

The transmission pattern is similar across regions. Plants at Namur-Brumagne and Oostende report "high" levels.



3/ pmc19.com/belgiumheat map and longitudinal graph
Read 20 tweets
Mike Hoerger, PhD MSCR MBA Profile picture
Oct 5
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Oct 6, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵1/9

An estimated 1 in 81 people are actively infectious during the ongoing 11th wave.

The "shutdown" has created a blackout at the state level.

Transmission is half that of the peak one month ago, and we anticipate a relative national "lull" in early-to-mid November, albeit still at dangerous levels.

Our model uses a combination of CDC and Biobot data, so we are able to estimate national statistics despite the CDC data going offline. On the map, note that Puerto Rico continues to update; they use a CDC-style system but were dropped by the CDC long ago. For full methodology, review the technical appendix on the website.Heat map, grayed out. 1 in 81 estimated actively infectious, or 602,000 new daily infections, per wastewater-derived estimates.
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Oct 6, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵2/9

#DuringCOVID is today. We estimate >600,000 new daily infections. This is about half the peak on September 6.

Notice current levels are similar to the estimated peaks of the first 3 waves. 11 wave graph
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Oct 6, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵3/9

Weekly estimates:
🔹4.5 million infections
🔹>200,000 resulting long-term health conditions
🔹>1,300 resulting excess deaths Infections Oct 6, 2025 pmc19.com/data Proportion Actively Infectious 1 in 81 (1.2%) New Daily Infections 602,000 Infections the Past Week 4,540,000 Infections in 2025 189,000,000 Cumulative Infections per Person 4.69 Long COVID Long COVID Cases Resulting 30,000 to 120,000 from New Daily Infections Long COVID Cases Resulting 227,000 to 910,000 from New Weekly Infections Excess Deaths Excess Deaths Resulting 170 to 280 from New Daily Infe...
Read 9 tweets

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