Euan Arnott Profile picture
Dec 5 1 tweets 1 min read Read on X
Oh good! The "happiest" option for H3N2 "K" influenza season in Japan was that it would be the same *shape* peak as 2024, just EARLIER overall.

Worse options were higher peak or LONG TAIL. Tail (or re-bound) still possible, but will take my good news of the RISE stopping!

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More from @Nucleocapsoid

Mar 17
Great news!

Enormous Midwestern outbreak of H5N1 that so devastated poultry in Ohio & Indiana over past few months is whole NEW genotype, ⭐D1.3⭐ that USDA & CDC just "forgot" to tell us about! (despite HUMAN case)

New D1.3 has swapped American NA of D1.1 for N1 from A3.

1/3
Further to above Post...

Hogvet51 sounds delighted too by this excellent information sharing about D1.3 by USDA & CDC.

Without him & Henry Niman, I wouldn't have know about this...
@JusDayDa
@MegCattell
@KinCONN
@RanuDhillon
@AbraarKaran
@BrusJulian
2/3

hogvet51.substack.com/p/h5n1-2344b-d…
@JusDayDa @MegCattell @KinCONN @RanuDhillon @AbraarKaran @BrusJulian Here is initial Alert from invaluable @HNimanFC on new genotype D1.3.

Since American N1 of D1.1 is substantially *different* from EurAsian (EA) ones, swapping for an EA N1 (ea3) does NOT appear to me "trivial" change?

Should've been disclosed. 😡

3/3
Read 5 tweets
Feb 26
Finally got around to testing some Flu-A/B RAT's readily available in UK/EU using A/Texas/37/2024 (B3.13) recombinant Nucleoprotein from Sinobiological, which is nearly identical (99.5%) to D1.1 NP (e.g. 52H/Y difference).

More commentary tomorrow...
@BrusJulian
@RickABright Image
Slightly earlier photo: Image
High sample loading series: Image
Read 12 tweets
Feb 17
Influenza Nucleoprotein (NP) in context of RAT detectabilituly: how do worldwide H5N1 virus NP's compare to current US ones?

pBLAST comparing some NP's of *human* H5N1 cases in past decade to B3.13 (more details of what's being compared later).
@BrusJulian
@RajlabN
@HNimanFC
1/x Image
Below is rest of H5N1 NP sequence lemgth, and here is where/when samples were from:

0) Texas B3.13 (WYN03023.1)
1) Chile 2023 (B3.2?)
2) China 2010
3) China 2015
4) India 2021
5) Cambodia 2013
6) Bangladesh 2011
7) Vietnam 2012
8) Egypt 2014
9) Hong Kong
10) Canbodia 2011

2/x Image
Analysis:
Chile 2023 clearly stands out as fellow "New World" sequence to B3.13, while all the "Old World" H5N1 sequences share some near-universal COMMONALITIES -
G34S
K77R
T373A & S377N
N450S

52Y is "standard" (e.g. in D1.1 too) - B3.13 is the odd in one out in having H

3/x
Read 15 tweets
Feb 8
Attempt to summarise USDA Report with less techno-babble:

A second type of H5N1 Bird Flu has been found in several herds of Nevada cows.

Super bad-boy A-list mutation 627K that lets virus infect mammals is NOT present, but virus *does* have important B-list mutation 701N.

1/3
This means the new H5N1 virus in cows has a head start on infecting humans compared to the virus coming straight from birds.

The amount of head start is similar to that of the "traditional" 2024 cow virus, so human infections from raw milk are likely with new virus too.

2/3
And unlike 2024 cow virus, this new one has more "room" to add nasty mutation 627K *on top* of what it has now.

So generally bad news.

But not yet VERY bad news

In particular, new virus unlikely to spread readily between humans in current form, so no instant pandemic!

3/3
Read 5 tweets

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