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Zdenek Vrozina Profile picture
@ZdenekVrozina
Jan 16 • 7 tweets • 2 min read • Read on X
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One of the strongest - and most concerning - studies so far. A true before/after design, a clear tau signal in persistent neurological symptoms, and nearly half exceeding Alzheimer’s research pTau-181 thresholds🧵
Related evidence. A large UK Biobank longitudinal analysis in Nature Medicine - Duff et al., 2025 -compared plasma Alzheimer’s-related biomarkers before vs after SARS-CoV-2 infection (with matched controls).
They found that SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with a shift toward an AD-like biomarker profile - notably a reduced plasma Aβ42:Aβ40 ratio, and in more vulnerable participants lower Aβ42 and higher pTau-181.
Taken together with the new N-PASC pTau-181 findings, the message is consistent - across different cohorts and designs, SARS-CoV-2 can be followed by measurable changes in biomarkers linked to neurodegenerative pathways.
Lancet eBioMedicine shows a pTau-181 signal in neurological long COVID.
Nature Medicine shows post–SARS-CoV-2 shifts in AD-related biomarkers, including pTau-181, in vulnerable groups.
Different cohorts. Same warning signal.
Ignoring converging tau and amyloid signals reported by Lancet and Nature is not caution - it risks becoming the public health error of the century. @szupraha @ZdravkoOnline @adamvojtech86
Duff at al., Plasma proteomic evidence for increased β-amyloid pathology after SARS-CoV-2 infection. nature.com/articles/s4159…

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More from @ZdenekVrozina

Zdenek Vrozina Profile picture
Jan 14
In people with neurological long COVID, infection is followed by a significant increase in pTau-181, and in a subset this is accompanied by changes in amyloid markers!
This biomarker pattern is compatible with tau-related pathology and may point to a worse long-term prognosis🧵
A new prospective study in eBioMedicine followed 227 individuals with blood samples collected before and after COVID-19.
That matters - this isn’t a cross-sectional snapshot, but a true within-person biological change after infection.
The focus was neurological PASC (N-PASC). Persistent symptoms like brain fog, loss of smell/taste, dizziness, balance problems, behavioral changes.
Only this group showed a marked post-COVID rise in pTau-181!
Read 15 tweets
Zdenek Vrozina Profile picture
Jan 14
For years, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) has been linked to multiple sclerosis.
The association was strong.
But the mechanism remained frustratingly abstract - until now.🧵
This new paper in Cell (2026) finally does what’s been missing.
It doesn’t just connect EBV and MS statistically -
it shows how the immune system gets it wrong.
Instead of focusing on antibodies, the authors look at CD4+ T cells.
Long-lived memory cells.
The ones that shape immune behavior over decades.
Read 20 tweets
Zdenek Vrozina Profile picture
Jan 13
People with Long COVID often describe brain fog, mental fatigue, slowed thinking.
For a long time, we lacked direct biological evidence that something measurable was wrong in the brain.
Now we have one🧵
This new study used 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Unlike standard MRI, it doesn’t look at brain structure - it looks at cellular energy metabolism.
Specifically, it measures the balance between
ATP, the cell’s immediate energy currency
phosphocreatine (PCr), a fast energy reserve - basically a buffer/backup battery
Read 18 tweets
Zdenek Vrozina Profile picture
Jan 7
SARS-CoV-2 leaves a mark on adaptive immunity
that resembles a mild but broad functional immunodeficiency.
Even without long COVID.🧵
A new preprint study followed the same individuals before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection and asked a simple question -
What happens to immune memory after COVID?
Not during acute illness.
Not only in long COVID.
But months later, in people considered recovered.
The researchers focused on memory T cells - the cells that allow us to respond quickly when we encounter familiar pathogens again.
They tested responses to common, everyday threats
Influenza A
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
Staphylococcus aureus
Read 15 tweets
Zdenek Vrozina Profile picture
Jan 4
Prenatal COVID can shift the trajectory of brain development.
The differences are measurable - and they appear before diagnoses exist.
It’s based on neonatal brain MRI and standardized developmental testing🧵
What study is this?
A prospective study (Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 2025)
children exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in utero
brain MRI ~2 weeks after birth
developmental testing at 2 years (Bayley-III, ITSEA)
compared to a pre-pandemic control cohort
The study asks whether the exposed group as a whole shows a shifted developmental pattern.
This is about a population-level shift, not a few extreme cases.
Read 14 tweets
Zdenek Vrozina Profile picture
Jan 2
The authors show that COVID-19 can disrupt the heart’s electrical wiring (the cardiac conduction system) -causing bradycardia, pauses, and AV block...🧵
... even when they can’t detect viral proteins in the heart, pointing instead to innate immune signaling (IFN/JAK–STAT) plus mitochondrial oxidative stress (ROS) as the likely drivers.
What they did.
Syrian golden hamsters infected intranasally with SARS-CoV-2 (Delta), followed for 4 weeks.
Continuous telemetry in freely moving animals. ECG + breathing + body temperature.
Interferon-stimulated genes, cytokines, macrophages in the conduction system, and gap-junction proteins.
Read 11 tweets

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