Gabriel Epstein Profile picture
Feb 24 11 tweets 9 min read Read on X
UPDATING THREAD: Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) has released a sizable list of high-ranking commanders killed during the war, particularly second-in-commands of many key units. Notable IDs, including journalists, doctors, and others below.🧵 Image
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Mahdi Hassan Mohammed al-Mamlouk (ID#: 801389321, 38) was the deputy head of PIJ's central communications unit as well as a broadcast engineer for PIJ's satellite channel, al-Quds al-Youm TV. He was killed in a Nov 2024 airstrike, and is listed by the CPJ and IFJ (though not the Hamas-run GMO) as a journalist.Image
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Fadi Jihad Mohammed al-Wadiyya (ID# 802854323, age 33) , a physiotherapist working for Doctors Without Borders, was ID'd by the IDF as a PIJ member shortly after he was killed in a June 2024 airstrike. Today, PIJ confirmed that al-Wadiyya was the deputy head of their military manufacturing unit. Image
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Another physiotherapist (for the Health Ministry) Waseem Yahya Abdulqader al-Ustaz (ID#: 801330481, age 37), was also the deputy commander of PIJ's Northern Brigade. al-Ustaz was killed in a November 2023 airstrike. Image
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Alaa Hassan Abdullah Asbihi (ID#: 400060240, 29) was a nurse at the European Hospital in southern Gaza, as well as the deputy commander of PIJ's Military Manufacturing Unit. He was killed along with his family in a December 2023 airstrike. Image
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Samir Suleiman Abu Shawish (ID#: 800428146, age 40), commander of PIJ's Yabna Battalion in the Rafah Brigade, is listed as working at the MAAN Development Center, a Palestinian NGO, in an unclear role. Abu Shawish was killed in an April 2025 airstrike. Image
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Abdullah Mohammed Mahmoud Khattab (ID#: 900959230, age 48), the commander of the Southern Deir al-Balah Battalion in the Central Brigade, was killed in a September 2024 strike near the al-Aqsa hospital. His son Hamdan (ID# 424419307, age 17), a likely child combatant, was killed alongside him.Image
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Hatem Khalaf Ibrahim Abu al-Jidian (ID#: 906736798, age 42), the commander of the Eastern Deir al-Balah Battalion, was killed in the same strike near al-Aqsa Hospital. Image

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Deputy head of PIJ's Central Intelligence Unit Arafat Abdullah Mahmoud Abu Zayed (ID#: 800428633, age 39), was also a political analyst and writer for the SHMS agency and Palestine Today. However, he is not included on the CPJ, IFJ, or Hamas-run GMO lists of journalists or media workers. Abu Zayed was killed in an August 2024 airstrike.
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While many of these commanders' deaths had been previously revealed, and some date back to the first weeks of the war, others are new. While Mohyeddin Mahmoud Sadiq -- commander of PIJ's al-Balad battalion in the Khan Younis Brigade -- was killed in August 2025, his death was not reported to the MOH and his family was silent on social media until today.
Cases like this underscore just how effective Gazan militants' refusal to distinguish between combatants and civilians and pressure for families of killed militants to stay quiet can be. Without the group itself or family members breaking silence, combatant identification becomes near-impossible without closed-source intelligence work. This challenge is amplified for mid-level commanders who tightly follow operational security protocols and who are not well known to Gazans who could otherwise identify them.Image
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Summing up: PIJ announced the deaths of 41 high-level commanders, including:
- 3 Members of its General Staff Council and 1 of its Military Council
- 16 deputy (or assistant) commanders in manufacturing, missile, administrative, operations, and other units
- 6 deputy brigade commanders
- 15 battalion commanders

Dual civilian roles for 8 of 41 commanders are currently known, including four in medical roles, two in media/journalist roles, one religious position, and 1 apparent NGO worker.

34/41 are listed on the November 2025 MOH death toll list. Of the missing seven, five died during or after October 2025.Image

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More from @GabrielEpsteinX

May 7
On May 6, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) published another set of 17 of their slain commanders in Gaza, bringing the total identified since February to 292. This set includes journalists, health and education workers, and police and internal security personnel. 🧵 Image
PIJ confirmed prior reporting first done by @MiddleEastBuka that Mohammed al-Saeed Ismail Abu Sakhil (ID#: 803231604, age 32), a journalist for the Sawt al-Quds Radio station, was a platoon commander in PIJ’s Financial Administration Unit in the Gaza Brigade. Both Sakhil and his brother (another journalist) were killed in fighting in and near Shifa Hospital in March-April 2024. x.com/GabrielEpstein…Image
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Mohammed Abdulnasser Mohammed al-Masri (ID#: 802443788, age 33), a teacher and the husband of journalist Salam Khalil Mohammed Mayma (ID#: 802820001, age 32), was a commander in PIJ’s Central Coordination Unit in the Northern Brigade. Both al-Masri and Mayma, along with their three children, were killed in an October 2023 airstrike. More detail on their case is here: x.com/GabrielEpstein…
Read 10 tweets
May 6
The likely target of an Oct 10, 2023 airstrike in Gaza that killed journalist Salam Khalil Mohammed Mayma (ID#: 802820001, age 32): her husband, PIJ commander Mohammed Abdulnasser Mohammed al-Masri (ID#: 802443788, age 33). 🧵 Image
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Today, PIJ claimed al-Masri as a commander in its Central Coordination Unit in the Northern Brigade. al-Masri was also a teacher at multiple schools, including a stretch at the Adnan al-Alami Secondary School for Boys in al-Shati neighborhood in Gaza City. al-Masri and Mayma reportedly wed in 2015.Image
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Salam Khalil Mayma is included on the Committee to Protect Journalists, International Federation of Journalists, and the Hamas-run Government Media Office’s list of slain journalists in Gaza, as well as outside trackers.
Mayma was the head of the Women Journalists Committee at the Palestinian Media Assembly, which CPJ identified as a PIJ-affiliated body. CPJ lists her as a freelance journalist, while IFJ identifies her as a reporter for the PIJ-affiliated al-Quds Radio.Image
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Read 6 tweets
May 4
On May 2, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) published another set of 22 of their slain commanders in Gaza, bringing the total identified since February to 275. This set, which focuses largely on those is “specialized” roles, includes health, education, and sports workers.🧵 Image
Raed Musa Ramadan al-Banna (ID#: 910736529, age 52), an administrative clerk at Shifa Hospital in Gaza City, was a platoon commander in PIJ’s al-Jadida Battalion in the Gaza Brigade. al-Banna was killed in an October 2023 airstrike, which @MiddleEastBuka identified as the same strike which killed journalist Nazmi al-Nadim. Image
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Shadi Rafiq Misbah Ayyad (ID#: 804454544, age 31), a teacher in the East Gaza Education Directorate, was a Platoon Commander in the Training Department of PIJ’s Gaza Brigade. Ayyad was killed in June 2025. Image
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Read 10 tweets
Apr 27
Yesterday (4/26), Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) published another set of 22 of their slain commanders in Gaza, bringing the total identified since February to 253. This addition includes civil defense and healthcare workers in dual roles, as well as lawyers.🧵 Image
Ahmed Ismail Ahmed al-Buraim (ID#: 8800154916, age 43), a first lieutenant in Gaza’s Civil Defense, was also a platoon commander in PIJ’s Central Communications Unit in the Central Brigade.
He was killed in a July 2025 airstrike, alongside his son Mohammed Ahmed Ismail al-Buraim (ID#: 429672884, age 15), who appears to have been a child combatant based on videos posted to social media by his mother which show both Ahmed and Mohammed armed and in military uniform.Image
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Tamer Mohammed Salman al-Humaidi (ID#: 906613740, age 42), an administrative services worker at al-Aqsa Hospital in Deir al-Balah, was a PIJ platoon commander within the weapons portfolio in the Central Brigade. He was killed in May 2024. Image
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Read 9 tweets
Apr 24
In the last two days, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) has identified 22 more slain commanders in Gaza, bringing the total claimed directly by the group in the last two months to 231. This tranche includes the Gaza director of Turkish NGO IHH and an imam. 🧵 Image
Ahmed Kamel Abdulaziz Ayyad (ID#: 801489725, age 39) was the deputy commander of the al-Turkmen Battalion in PIJ’s Gaza Brigade. He was killed in a July 2025 airstrike. Image
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Mohammed Jamal Faraj al-Mubayyad (ID#: 800691495, age 38) was a commander in PIJ’s Central Mobilization Unit in the Gaza Brigade, as well as the Turkish Humanitarian Relief Foundation’s program director in Gaza. I analyzed the strike he was killed in last month.

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Read 7 tweets
Apr 22
Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) identified 43 more slain commanders, totaling 209 announcements in the past 2 months. Most of this tranche are platoon-level commanders and were killed in the first year of the war. The list includes 6 workers for the Hamas-run government. 🧵 Image
Ahmed Jamal Khaled al-Bahtini (ID#: 801485285, age 37), the deputy commander of PIJ’s Darj al-Tuffah Battalion in the Gaza Brigade, was killed in an October 2023 airstrike. The extended al-Bahtini family is prominent in PIJ: Khalil Salah al-Bahtini was the group’s military leader in northern Gaza and was killed during the May 2023 Israel-PIJ conflict.Image
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Ahmed Mohammed Hussein Abu al-Qumsan (ID#: 801250820, age 35), the deputy commander of PIJ’s al-Radwan and al-Nasser Battalion in the Gaza Brigade, was killed in an October 2024 airstrike. Image
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Read 9 tweets

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