1. “Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini established the IRGC by decree on 5 May 1979, just months after the revolution toppled Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and Khomeini returned from exile in February 1979.
2. “The IRGC originated from the consolidation of several revolutionary paramilitary groups and Islamist militias that had fought against the Shah’s regime.
“The core motivation was distrust of the regular Iranian armed forces (the Artesh).
3. “The Artesh had been the Shah’s professional military, trained (and equipped) largely by the United States, with officers and structures tied to the monarchy.
“The IRGC was designed as an ideological counterweight.
The timing of Ukrainian drone attacks on refineries is creating an interesting situation for oil tanker markets.
Let's connect some dots:🧵
Ukrainian drones have hit 12 Russian oil refineries so far. While this has not (yet) had an outsized effect on product exports, we are one successful attack away from crack spreads spiking and importers looking for alternative sources. [map as of 13 March]
Last Wednesday, Ukrainian drones targeted Surgutneftegas PJSC’s Kinef refinery in Kirishi, on the Baltic coast. Kinef is a major export fuel production facility. Any significant disruption there “would have knock-on effects on the global diesel market.” (BBG)