If you want to add beds to a hospital, build facilities, purchase diagnostic scanners, but you live somewhere with CON laws, then you have to prove you're not creating competition for other medical facilities in the area, which is often the whole state.
No. Competition. Allowed.
The idea behind these laws is that people will spend excessively on healthcare, so to combat that, we'll have people report if there's more spending needed before approving it.
'A bed built is a bed filled' is the old adage.
But no one considered the obvious bad incentives.
Who does the state ask to determine if an area has a 'need'? Local doctors, practices, and health departments, and sometimes the CON committee just makes up a judgment.
They ask your competitors if they need competition, and if they say no, then you cannot operate in their area.
Places with CON laws have fewer hospital beds, fewer rural hospitals, greater drive times to get medical care, and higher cost medical care.
These laws have led to countless headlines like this, where a town tries to build a hospital and another hospital goes 'nah, fuck you':
Cui bono?
In case it wasn't obvious, it's the people who get to say 'no' when the state asks if an area has medical need.
For example, hospital CEOs got a ~$91k/yr pay bump due to CON laws. In 2026, that's about ~$135k/yr from blocking competition and hurting the populace.
IMO? Ban these laws nationally. They are anti-competitive and they hurt Americans while driving up medical costs and empowering unions to do more evil.
Nutrition science is the area of science that's suffered the most in the replication crisis. It is a graveyard of theories and pseudoscientific bullshit.
Now:
The HHS is going to make doctors to sit through 40 hours of classes where they'll have to take that bullshit seriously.
This reads like a list of the things that fared the worst in all of nutrition science and stuff with NO EVIDENCE.
When I read through this, my mouth was agape.
Whoever wrote this trash needs fired for incompetence. Mentally retarded people should not hold keep government posts.
'What did you learn in your mandatory nutrition misinformation class?'
'Well, if a patient comes in with a migraine, I'm supposed to sell them a WHOOP bracelet or an Oura ring so I can help them figure out their health age.'
Strength training is a highly effective way to improve your flexibility, and I've made a graphic to put this into understandable terms:
This is from a meta-analysis of strength training trials.
What makes that so useful is that there's major publication bias for strength outcomes (pictured).
But, since authors weren't looking at it, there's no publication bias for flexibility outcomes.
Studies made their way into this meta-analysis because they had a flexibility outcome, but they made their way into the literature because they showed positive strength results.
This could indirectly biased the flexibility results because of selection on a correlated outcome.
"Without Mohammed, Charlemagne would have been inconceivable."
This quote summarizes Pirenne's thesis that the European Dark Ages began with the rise of Islam because it destroyed the flow of trade across the Mediterranean, ending Antiquity.
The decline in trade that resulted from differences in faith had profound consequences for the economic geography of Europe.
Byzantine economic activity depended on trade, and it collapsed, whereas the Frankish economy, which was never trade-dependent, transformed.
Byzantine minting stalled and the Arabs' and Franks' increased (perhaps partly because they were cut off from one another!), providing each of their states with divergent trends in seignorage revenues and a widening gulf in the ability to fund the government.
Some of you who are familiar with medicine no doubt do, but if you don't, no worries: This is James Lind, the man most often credited with finding the cure for scurvy.
Scurvy is one of humanity's great historical killers.
It's a gruesome condition that culminates in your life's wounds reappearing on your flesh. If you want a picture, go look it up.
You never hear about it today though, because it's so easy to cure.