Gabriel Epstein Profile picture
Mar 26 12 tweets 9 min read Read on X
A good example of wartime misinformation: a Nov 2025 al-Jazeera English article about Israa al-Areer, a Gazan freelance journalist, and her search for her missing husband Yasser al-Tawil and brother Diaa al-Areer fails to mention both were Hamas militants killed on October 7. 🧵 Image
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al-Jazeera and al-Areer tell one story in English, but open-source documentation and an article by the Felesteen Arabic-language outlet (below), which also interviewed al-Areer only 3 days after the October 7 attack tells a very different one. Below, a side-by-side comparison of several key points, with all links at the end of the thread.Image
To al-Jazeera (in English. L), al-Areer says that her husband, Yasser Zuhair Ahmed al-Tawil (ID#: 803617968, age 30) typically spent Friday nights with friends and was out late. But to Felesteen (in Arabic, R), who identified al-Tawil as a Qassam Brigades fighter, al-Areer describes al-Tawil as dressing in his military uniform and departing for al-Ribat, which the article translates as vigil/guard duty (see title in previous post).

al-Areer tells al-Jazeera (L) that her husband was part of a group of “curious citizens” who went to the border area to see what was going on after the 10/7 attack began. But to Felesteen (R), she speaks of her husband’s longtime participation in the “ranks of the resistance” and his desire to join the attack.Image
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al-Areer also tells al-Jazeera (in English) that she was told by her family that her brother Diaa Samir al-Areer had gone missing on October 7, and describes al-Tawil as a civilian. Image
A look at open-source evidence makes it clear that both Yasser al-Tawil and Diaa al-Areer were Hamas fighters killed while invading Israel on October 7. Multiple obituaries of al-Tawil depict him as a “mujahid” or "shahid Qassami" and photos show him in Hamas military uniform and armed. al-Areer herself eulogized al-Tawil using a well-known reference for militants, “advancing not retreating”, and saying he died "immersed in the enemies of God" on October 8, 2023.Image
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The Felesteen article states that al-Tawil was a freelance photographer who had participated in the 2018-2019 Great March of Return, a months-long series of violent protests along the Gaza border. al-Tawil was shot in the chest by Israeli forces in October 2018 during these protests, an event the International Federation of Journalists condemned. However, al-Tawil is not listed by the IFJ or other major trackers as a journalist/media worker killed in Gaza.Image
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Diaa al-Areer (not yet listed by the Hamas-run Gaza Health Ministry but broadly mourned by family and friends), meanwhile, has been identified by a Hamas-affiliated Telegram channel providing obituaries for militants from Gaza's Shujaiyya neighborhood and as a “lion of the crossing” (a common reference to the October 7 attack) by a friend eulogizing him.
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In other words, al-Areer says one thing in English when she describes her husband to al-Jazeera as a civilian who wandered across the border on October 7, and an entirely different thing in Arabic to Felesteen that is backed up by available open-source evidence.

In the English version, al-Areer’s husband and brother are civilians missing since October 7, and she is searching for their bodies. But in the Arabic version, relying on al-Areer’s interview right after October 7 and open-source evidence, both her husband and brother were Hamas militants killed while participating in the October 7 attack against Israel and mourned as such.
Background research by al-Jazeera, even Googling Yasser al-Tawil’s name, would have quickly shown that the version of events al-Areer presented in English was inaccurate. Yet nearly all readers would have no way of knowing that, especially after this story was filtered onto social media or rerun by other outlets.
When news organizations either fail to verify stories or simply lie, readers have very little chance of getting the truth. It’s not clear which is going on here. The fact that al-Areer herself is a journalist is another layer to the problem: the subject of the piece, a journalist, is lying, while the reporter is either going along with the lie or not checking the details.
The truth matters. al-Areer’s pain and grief is real. But for the reader to get a clear picture of events, they should know that the husband and brother she mourns were terrorists killed while conducting a massive attack on Israeli civilians. Those reading this story in al-Jazeera and in English would just never know it.

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More from @GabrielEpsteinX

Jun 19
On June 18, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) published notices for 20 of its slain squad-level leaders in Gaza, bringing the total number of commanders and officers identified since February to 497 across 21 releases. This reflects a shift towards announcing lower-tier military figures. 🧵Image
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In general, these squad-level leaders are more difficult to find information on than higher-ranking commanders. In other cases, they do not appear on the Hamas-run Ministry of Health (MOH) death toll registry despite their deaths being well-publicized.
An example is Mustafa Ismail Mustafa al-Wadiyya, a Nukhba squad leader in PIJ’s Gaza Brigade. His death (and those of at least two brothers who were also PIJ militants) has widely documented by relatives and PIJ-affiliated channels since at least July 2024, but he does not appear on the MOH list.Image
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Read 9 tweets
Jun 15
On June 13, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) published notices for 16 more slain military officers in Gaza, bringing the total identified since February to 477 across 20 releases. This set focuses primarily on the Khan Younis Brigade and includes an NGO board member. 🧵 Image
Mohammed Zayed Hamed Zaqmat (ID#: 921895991, age 53), a board member of the National Development Forum educational and cultural NGO, was a platoon deputy in PIJ’s military judicial unit in the Khan Younis Brigade. Zaqmat was killed in an October 2023 airstrike along with several relatives, including one son, Zayed Mohammed Zayed Zaqmat (ID#: 803879220, age 30), who was a militant.Image
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Alaa Ismail Salem Abu Lahia (ID#: 400603866, age 30), a worker at the Zamzam Water Distribution Company, was a platoon deputy within the infrastructure file in PIJ’s Khan Younis Brigade. Abu Lahia was killed in August 2025. Image
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Jun 12
On June 9, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) published notices for 19 more slain officers in Gaza, bringing the total identified since February to 461 across 19 releases. This set includes two journalists, a police officer, and a tribal relations official. 🧵 Image
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Read 9 tweets
Jun 11
Jumaa Salah Fares Siam (ID#: 900544701, age 46), part of Palestinian Islamic Jihad's coordination file in the Gaza Brigade, publicly worked as a member of PIJ's Public Relations and Reform Committee--responsible for the tribal file in Gaza. Siam was killed in November 2024.🧵 Image
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Siam worked for the Reform committee dating back to at least 2013, and was also an important member of his own clan. Image
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An underexplored (and difficult to research) aspect of militant group control in Gaza is their relationship with clans. Coercive efforts, like attacks on the Dughmush and Majayda clans, are well-publicized, but the more subtle day-to-day expressions of power seem to have much more to do with relationship management and internecine politics.

The Public Relations and Reform Committee that Siam sat on for over a decade is a clear example of PIJ's efforts to exert political influence over Gaza clans -- it handled both the movement's relationships with clans and was involved in mediating inter-clan disputes.
Read 4 tweets
Jun 10
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Jamal Aref Salem al-Faqawi (ID#: 402220396, age 27), a journalist at the PIJ-affiliated Mithaq Media Foundation, was a deputy platoon/squad leader in PIJ's central support and supply unit in the Khan Younis Brigade. Jamal was killed in an October 2023 strike, and was first ID'd by @MiddleEastBuka. Both Helmi and Jamal were claimed by PIJ in the same June 9 media release.Image
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I mentioned Helmi al-Faqawi in this earlier identification of Arafat al-Faqawi, a court clerk in Rafah and PIJ commander.
Read 4 tweets
Jun 8
On June 6, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) published notices for 22 more slain commanders in Gaza, bringing the total identified since February to 442 across 18 releases. This includes media, medical, educational, municipal, and sports workers, among others. 🧵 Image
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