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Feb 13 6 tweets 3 min read
The recent Dwarkesh pod with Jeff Dean touched on the need for multi-data center training runs as hyperscalers run into energy bottlenecks

According to SemiAnalysis, Google and OpenAI are likely already constructing campuses in concentrated areas for distributed training runs (1/6)Image
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The centralized data center paradigm isn't stopping any time soon, but it is running into constraints:
- Power infra: transformers, generators, substations all have long lead times
- Grid constraints: upgrading transmission infra and grid interconnection has been very slow in the US, especially for clean energy sources like nuclear
- Power density needs: centers need massive amounts of specialized cooling equipment and new power supply units; some older centers need to be retrofitted
- Sustainability pressures: companies like Meta with net-zero emission goals have an additional constraint on how and where they will build large data centers
- Supply chain issues: every piece of the buildout (GPUs, interconnects, cooling, power, etc) can be subject to supply chain disruptions (2/6)
Dec 27, 2024 12 tweets 6 min read
1) The Fat Protocol Thesis Reborn
The market senses the immense potential for agents to be both better consumer interfaces and autonomous economic actors. As L1 blockspace had difficult-to-value, but infinite potential last cycle, so does agent infra this cycle.
Lets dig in:Image 2) Agent adoption IRL is sky-rocketing
- The percentage of LLM-app developers on LangSmith using agents jumped from 7 to 43% this year
- Agentic workflows are becoming more complex (more steps and tool-calling)
- Automation and simplification are primary goals for enterprises: this will likely manifest in customer service, IT, marketing, and software dev. workflowsImage
Sep 23, 2024 9 tweets 4 min read
Tether's record-breaking profitability last quarter puts it in the ranks of tradfi giants. But that $5.2 billion number also puts it in the crosshairs of new competitors who want a piece of the pie (1/9): Image My latest piece dives into the rapidly evolving world of stablecoins - in both the centralized and decentralized space. We break down the vertical into several major categories (2/9): Image