🚨New Publication📺 Video:

🧵Re-evaluation of exercise crossover concept and athlete glucose homeostasis & health👇(1/n) Link: frontiersin.org/articles/10.33…

1) Crossover concept denotes that as ⬆️⬆️exercise intensity:
Fat oxidation would be near ZERO, particularly >85%VO2max

2) It also denotes that at rest & low-intensity exercise:
⬇️Carbohydrate oxidation
⬆️Fat oxidation

Not always true...
(2/n)

#Type1Diabetes Closed-Loop Technology & Glycemic Control:


New study in VERY young children & closed loop (🧵 below):
1/n 🧵#Type1Diabetes Closed-Loop in VERY-young children:
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…

-PEDAP Trial: 102 Children (2-6y/age)
-Control-IQ CL (@TandemDiabetes: AI+pump+CGM) VS CGM-Only
-Baseline: Better than average glycemic control

Results?
2/n

@DietDoctor @DrEenfeldt shifted stance for ⬆️protein,⬇️fat,⬆️diet diversity is not surprising...in fact, quite predictable.

🧵A controversial & brief history of ketogenic diets ketones, social-science narrative, controversies...and why you should always follow the science:

https://twitter.com/DrEenfeldt/status/1637068921055346692

1) Ketogenic diet hit peak popularity in 2018 (Google Trends) with BOTH general population's interest & scientific community interest (Pubmed).

Data was rapidly coming out challenging dogma that these diets were "harmful" & "dangerous,"
...and it was coming fast...

But...

🚨New Study🧵
Low Carb (10-25%kcal) Diet in Overweight Type-1 Diabetes
mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/6…

-Single-arm prospective trial (no control group).
-20 overweight T1D
-6-month follow-up.

Goal: ⬇️ Carb Intake (50-80g) with no caloric restriction.

Measures/Findings/Concerns?
1/n Low-Carb in Overweight Type-1 Diabetes Findings:
⬇️Carbs: 266g -> 87g (Low-Carb)
⬇️HbA1c: 8.1->7.7%
⬇️BMI
⬇️Waist-circumference
⬇️Iron, Ca, vit. B1, folate intake
-No insulin reported?!?!

Concerns/Caveats?
2/n

Keto-adaptation timeline? 🧵

It is all in how you define it (& in whom, how you implement ketosis, etc...): Ketones? Substrate Oxidation? Enzymatic Changes? Functional Changes? Metabolic Phenotype? Etc?

@B_Holmer @DoctorTro
1/n

https://twitter.com/B_Holmer/status/1629659732830027778

Ketone adaptation timeline: Ketones

Elevations are quick (within 24h of isocaloric meal change see recent analyses from @Gonzalez_JT & @AaronHengist:

https://twitter.com/AKoutnik/status/1589337229926707201

)

Plateau takes>/=3 weeks? @davidludwigmd (davidludwigmd.medium.com/adapting-to-fa…)

2/n

frontiersin.org/articles/10.33…
🧵Very-low carb (ketogenic; LCHF) vs high-carb diet (HCLF):
-1-month isocaloric
-Middle-aged males (40y/o)
-High-intensity performance (>85% VO2Max)
-1-month glycemic control
-Cardiometabolic parameters

Our hypothesis was wrong...
What did we see? 1/n Populations:
-Middle-aged: 40y/o
-Very "fit" competitive athletes (⬆️⬆️VO2max; ⬇️body fat %).
-"Youth" ➡️ "Aged". Interesting category to explore.

Diet & Controls? 2/n

Quite a # of KETONE studies published in the last 30d:
Quick review
-Autism Spectrum Disorder (mitochondrial)
-Cardiomyocyte Stem Cells
-Novel Exogenous Ketones
-Insulin Resistance
-Mental Fatigue (cognition)
-Memory Older Adults w/o Dementia

🧵1/n europepmc.org/article/ppr/pp…
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) model

-BHB oxidation regulated mito. morphology (morphology -> mito. function)
-BHB elongates mito. through ⬆️NAD+ (redox)
-BHB promoted behavioral improvement in ASD zebrafish model
-Field: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
2/n

Type-1 Diabetes & Very-Low Carbohydrate Diet:
Safety🧵Please share for those it may help.

1/n This thread was prompted by @cadiulus post (

https://twitter.com/cadiulus/status/1570368562899869697

). @cadiulus: great human, T1D, surgeon, mom of a Stage 2 T1D kiddo.

See the "normal" food options & CGM graph.

...but, I often hear from world-renowned doctors that low-carb is UNSAFE.

Is this true?

2/n