Subversive converso. Byzantine Catholic. Husband. Father. MA theology student. Editor for @CTFellowship. Views are my own. Interaction =/= endorsement.
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In the book of Daniel, Daniel receives a series of visions of 4 kingdoms. These kingdoms are traditionally identified by Jews and Christians as Babylon, Medo-Persian, Greece, and Rome. 
In my last thread, I argued that the messiah is central to scripture. He is the promised seed who will undo the curse of Genesis 3
Although world peace will come about in the time of the messiah, Jews understand the messiah to be primarily the national leader of the Jews. He will not perform any great miracles or change the nature of things.
St. Thomas Aquinas explains that Job is about divine providence. This means we first need to consider the metaphysics of divine providence.
Fr. Peter lists four types of Christian spiritualities. He uses the square of opposition from classical logic as an analogy for the relation of these types. Ultimately, A, the Marian mode, is the most perfect form of spirituality, with others more or less compatible. 
Let’s start with Newton’s account of gravity. Newton thinks that efficient causes are the only real kinds of causes in nature. Gravity works by an efficient cause. So the Earth literally pulls the apple down. The planets move because the sun pulls them. 
1) The greater a thing is, the more it ought to be honored
For those interested, Scotus here rejects the position that the waters above the firmament are vapor, and he instead holds that it is the crystalline sphere which surrounds the universe. He says that it is called water because it has certain properties of water.
Kuhn provides a radical challenge to the scientism you grew up with. He points out that science has not developed by slow progress, but by radical paradigm shifts. Ultimately, Kuhn fails to build a positive vision of what science should be, but it’s an important starting point. 
St. Thomas discusses right as the opening question to the treatise on justice. According to him, right (ius) is the object of justice (iustitia). That is, justice is to fulfill the right of another. 
When it comes to the immaculate conception, there seems to be a significant problem: one cannot be born without original sin without the grace of the incarnation. But the in order for the incarnation to happen, there has to be a sinless woman to bear God. How does we solve this?
In the first three parts we established
We established in the last 2 parts that:
In part 1 we established
In order to for the Catholic faith to be the true faith, only 3 things must be true:
As St. Paul says: "God will have mercy on whom He will have mercy. So then it is not of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth, but of God that showeth mercy."