Fluoride is not an essential nutrient.

Fluoride is a toxin that antagonizes iodine, which is essential to thyroid function, and thyroid during development is a major determinant of growth and IQ.

Fluoride makes mineralized tissues acid-resistant. This opposes tooth decay and in bones it causes defects in strength because acid-mediated bone remodeling is essential to making bones match the needs of their environment. Excess fluoride discolors and mottles teeth but bones are more sensitive to negative effects.

Animal experiments showing behavioral abnormalities in response to low levels of fluoride have been around for decades.

One of the early observations in support of fluoride was a low level of tooth decay in Hereford, TX, where there was a high concentration of fluoride in the water.

This was because they had 13 feet of glacial top soil that mineralized the plants with essential nutrients so well that they rejected all the fluoride and left it in the water.

The butterfat of their cattle was so nutritious that after sampling 20,000 butters across the world Weston Price decided to import all of his cream from that one place in TX. He used centrifuged butter oil from it — containing no fluoride — as part of a protocol to HEAL established dentin-infected cavities in his patients.

Teeth do not need fluoride. They never have. There has never been a good case for its essentiality.

There has always been a reasonable concern over its toxicity. Correction: 3 feet of top soil.

Why Your "Allergies" May Just Be a Sulfur Problem
🧵 Or why a sulfur problem may be seriously aggravating your allergies.

If you care about your mitochondrial function and your longevity, you need to care about SULFUR.

If you have psychiatric, neurological, or gastrointestinal problems, you need to triple down on your sulfur.

So, here is my Sulfur Protocol. Do you ever have anxiety? Depression?

Tremors, twitches, heart palpitations or spasms?

Any psychiatric or neurological issue can be a sulfur problem.

This is FASCINATING.

Infrared energy plays a direct role to supplement the heart in pumping blood throughout the body.

This provides an unexpected explanation for why blood pumping persists in dead humans and animals after the heart stops, and why infrared therapy can improve circulation.

🤯:\\ The heart pumps blood to the small vessels, the small vessels deliver oxygen and nutrients that promote metabolism in cells, metabolism releases infrared energy, and the blood vessels use it to pump the blood back to the heart.

You knew oxalate could cause kidney stones, but did you know it can form crystals in your brain?

🧵 The first report of this was a 1940 autopsy of a 61-year-old woman who died of an aneurysm. Her brain was full of oxalate crystals.

CARNIVORE DIARRHEA

What causes it? Here's one thing no one has mentioned!

🧵 According to Mikhaila Peterson (@MikhailaFuller) 2 out of 3 people get it for 2-7 days:

https://twitter.com/MikhailaFuller/status/1216284364058873856

H2S Clearance: The Gut Health Factor That Matters More Than Your Microbiome

This key to gut health is all about your own enzymes, not what you're feeding the microbes.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is produced by human enzymes throughout every organ of the body. It is the second most important “gasotransmitter” after nitric oxide, meaning that it is a gas that acts as an important signaling molecule to help cells decide what to do with their resources and when.

As I covered in Maybe THIS Is Why You’re Hangry, S-sulfocysteine is made from hydrogen sulfide and is most likely a normal excitatory neurotransmitter that assists glutamate in the way taurine assists GABA and glycine.

The microbiome also makes hydrogen sulfide. At least 15 different types of microbes, ranging from H. pylori to E. coli to Desulfovibrio and Bilophila wadsworthia, and even certain strains of Lactobacillus can make hydrogen sulfide.

Hydrogen sulfide in the gut directly regulates gut function, just like hydrogen sulfide in the brain directly regulates brain function.

Various studies suggest hydrogen sulfide slows or speeds intestinal transit, and the net effect probably depends on concentration and context. In irritable bowel syndrome, higher H2S levels are associated with diarrhea rather than constipation. Irritable bowel syndrome is associated with accelerated transit time. This is consistent with animal studies suggesting an H2S-producing microbiome drives diarrhea. Overall, then, we should expect that excessive H2S in the gut is most likely to cause faster transit time and diarrhea than slower transit time and constipation. Faster transit time leads to nutrient malabsorption as well, since food moves faster through the gut than the rate at which nutrients can be optimally absorbed.

For clarity, not everyone with IBS-D has fast transit time, and transit time is not the only thing impacting the risk of diarrhea. Water retention in the gut rather than in the body proper is another major factor, so it is possible to have diarrhea with normal or slow transit time.

Acute hydrogen sulfide poisoning usually produces nausea and vomiting rather than diarrhea. Thus, hydrogen sulfide probably has to be produced in the gut to cause diarrhea. However, the intestinal cells themselves make hydrogen sulfide, so that doesn’t mean it has to come from the microbiome.

In much of the body, hydrogen sulfide is pro-growth. In Hydrogen Sulfide Is the New Estrogen, I covered research showing that hydrogen sulfide contributes to breast development, and it is likely a major mediator of estrogen-induced growth in general, including growth of estrogen-responsive cancers. Indeed, hydrogen sulfide is in general a mediator of angiogenesis (growth of new blood vessels) in positive contexts like wound healing and muscle hypertrophy, and in negative contexts like cancer growth.

Hydrogen sulfide signaling is intimately intertwined with the hypoxia response and likely indispensable to it. A central function of the hypoxia response is to accumulate more iron from food and to mobilize iron throughout the body into hemoglobin synthesis, but it has broadly 100-200 targets, and it includes the regulation of the breathing rate and the formation of new blood vessels.

Now think about this: your gut cells can make their own hydrogen sulfide, and they are exposed to the hydrogen sulfide that your microbiome makes, and they want just the right “Goldilox” level of it so they have the proper rate of motility and blood supply.

Does it make any sense at all that which blood vessels you grow in distant tissues like your skin or your muscles, and whether your brain excitement gets turned up or down, should be purposefully regulated to be at the whims of random pulses of activity made by little microbes in your gut? Generally speaking, your gut is meant to protect you against the environment. The entire gut, from mouth to anus, is “outside” the body. Things must pass through the intestinal cells to enter the “inside” of the body. Thus, the gut produces a massive excess of enzymes that neutralize bioactive chemicals. For example, diamine oxidase is produced by the gut in such excess that dietary histamine should never enter the bloodstream. This is why the histamine in fermented vegetables doesn’t usually cause hives or panic attacks. The intestines also possess the same detoxification enzymes that the liver possesses, and their systematic rejection of foreign chemicals into the feces is the first line of defense against toxins released from our food during digestion.

It would seem from this that the gut should also have a great excess capacity to clear any hydrogen sulfide that exceeds the level needed for healthy intestinal motility and proper intestinal vascularization.

Indeed, a tissue-based map of the human proteome characterized the expression of human genes in many different tissues. The genes for the two major enzymes involved in clearing hydrogen sulfide — SQOR (or SQRDL as it is labeled in this paper) and ETHE1 — are expressed to a 5.6-fold greater degree in intestinal tissue than in non-intestinal tissue. This supports a massive excess of H2S clearance capacity in the intestines.

Similarly, the expression of the three genes responsible for endogenous H2S production, CBS, CSE, and MPST (called TST in this paper) was 2.4-fold greater in intestinal tissue than in non-intestinal tissue. Thus, endogenous production of H2S by human enzymes is also enriched in the gut, suggesting that our gut cells are not going to let us get away with relying on the microbiome to synthesize the H2S needed for proper gut function.

The relative expression of genes is not the only thing that determines flux through the pathways, so we should not read all that much into this, but the fact that H2S-producing genes are 2.4-fold enriched in the intestinal tissue and H2S-clearing genes are 5.6-fold enriched in the intestinal tissue is vaguely suggestive that our clearance capacity is meant to handle half of our H2S coming from our own production and half of it coming from the microbiome.

The question then arises: what is more important for gut health, maintaining robust clearance of hydrogen sulfide, or controlling its production by the microbiome?

Will Multivitamins Help You Live Longer?

Here are the facts. 🧵 Everything I'll say below can be found on my web site with a "short answer" and 39 references.

Click the link in my profile to get the web version.

Is Urolothin A the Ultimate Longevity Supplement?

The claims are it will renew your mitochondria, boost your strength, bolster your VO2max, and act like exercise in a pill. Is this fact or fiction? Here's what you need to know.

🧵 Urolithin A is claimed to be exercise in a pill, a potent weapon against aging that will rejuvenate your mitochondria and make you stronger and younger even without exercising, eating well, or fasting.

How Low Methylation Destroys Your Energy Metabolism

🧵 In How Energy Deficiency Hurts Methylation, I covered the ways that low ATP and a low NAD+/NADH ratio will sap your methylation, and the patterns to look for on a Genova Methylation Panel to verify this is happening.

Your Cells Are Starving for Creatine

🧵 Creatine is like your second mitochondria. Or, the mitochondria’s chief of staff. Or its co-pilot.

Is Hydrogen Sulfide the New Estrogen?

A little-known study from 2020 suggests it may be.

🧵 We know sulfite, which derives from hydrogen sulfide, tanks testosterone in males. Could hydrogen sulfide also feminize men through estrogenic effects?

Is Lactoferrin Chelating Your Iron?

🧵 Many people believe lactoferrin can chelate iron and bring down excessive iron levels, despite the studies showing it corrects anemia in women.

“Vitamin A Truthers” say that vitamin A is not a vitamin, it’s an alcohol.

And alcohols are toxic.

Let’s take a look at this claim.🧵 First, what is an alcohol?

Losing Your Hair? Check Your Iron

This is the best-supported nutritional deficiency that can drive hair loss. 🧵 Deficiencies of ​riboflavin​, ​biotin​, ​zinc​, ​iron​, or ​iodine​; ​iron overload​, selenium toxicity,​ and ​vitamin A toxicity can all cause hair loss, or in medical jargon, alopecia...

Understanding Iron

If you want energy to seize the day, a beautiful head of hair, joints that are free of pain, and a graceful aging into your future, you need to understand this so profoundly misunderstood mineral. One of the most misunderstood aspects of iron is that we have no reliable blood markers of what is happening to iron inside cells...

You Don't Understand Serum Ferritin

Neither does your doctor, and neither do I.

But here's what we all don't know. 🧵 Did you know that ferritin, used to measure iron in your blood, contains almost no iron?

If not, buckle up, because you’re understanding of ferritin is in for a ride.

This Is What Causes B6 "Toxicity"

Here's how to stop your hands and feet from tingling.

Lessons from the literature, biochemical reasoning, and my own experiment in self-induced B6 neuropathy.

chrismasterjohnphd.substack.com/p/this-is-what… Looking beautiful, feeling great, and living a long healthy life is hard, but B6 can help you do it.

Here’s why the human trials claiming seed oils prevent fatty liver disease are extremely misleading. 🧵 Numerous short-term human trials lasting 7-10 weeks published between 2012 and 2019 have shown that PUFAs from seed oils lead to lower liver fat than traditional saturated fats.

(PMIDs 31369090, 24550191, 22492369).

Yes this is super important. Vitamin K activates the proteins that promote calcification of teeth.

I cited this paper and put it into historical context in my 2007 article "On the Trail of the Elusive X-Factor: A Sixty-Two-Year-Old Mystery Finally Solved"

Others have over-emphasized that they used menadione. I believe these paragraphs from my 2007 article provided as screenshots are the appropriate context.

Seed oils do not cause oxidative stress.

They increase vulnerability to oxidative damage.

Failure to distinguish between these two concepts leads to extreme misunderstandings, driving pointless debates and horrible takes on the existing intervention trials.

https://twitter.com/seedoildsrspctr/status/1782579259044667448

Oxidative stress is best defined as the dysregulation of redox-regulated pathways driving harmful but necessary compensations.