#dailymaths problems from _Your Daily Epsilon of Math_ calendar, biographies of great mathematicians, & other math fun.
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Mar 23 • 14 tweets • 3 min read
Dr. Emmy Noether was born on this day in 1882. When she died, Albert Einstein wrote in the _New York Times_ that she was widely considered to be the greatest female mathematician who had ever lived.
Noether earned her PhD in 1907, one of only 2 women at the U. of Erlangen at that time. After graduating, she taught at the Math Inst. of Erlangen for 7 years without being paid or having a title. She also occasionally taught her father’s classes when he wasn’t feeling well.
Aug 22, 2021 • 4 tweets • 3 min read
Today's #dailymaths CHALLENGE PROBLEM. Problems are taken from the Mathematics 2021 calendar. Each day's problem is posted at 1am Eastern/6am London. Previous day's solution is added a few hours later. Guest mathematician posts welcome; DM if interested!
Yesterday's problem with solution by me, and link to extended explanation in the next tweet!
Aug 17, 2020 • 9 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: DR. WINIFRED EDGERTON MERRILL, 1862-1951. The first American woman to earn a PhD in mathematics. She was born in Wisconsin. Little is known about her parents, but they were able to provide her with both emotional and material support for her dreams 1/9
and ambitions, giving her both private tutors and a small home observatory. She earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics from Wellesley College. Pursuing a lifelong love of astronomy, she independently used data from Harvard's observatory to calculate the orbit of the 2/x
Aug 9, 2020 • 6 tweets • 4 min read
Today's #dailymaths CHALLENGE PROBLEM. Problems are taken from the Mathematics 2020 calendar. Each day's problem is posted at 2am Eastern/7am London. Previous day's solution is added a few hours later. Guest mathematician posts welcome; DM if interested!
Yesterday's problem with a special series of answers! The answer is as simple as checking a list of the ten problems Hilbert revealed on August 8, and seeing that the Riemann is #8. But what about those problems? Why are they so special, and what do they mean? Keep reading!
Jul 30, 2020 • 6 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: Katherine Johnson, 1918-2020. Brilliant mathematician who graduated high school at age 14 despite the obstacle of no local public school being available for Black students. Took every available maths course at West Virginia State, an HBCU, which 1/6
added new courses for her. Was mentored by W.W.S. Claytor, the third Black American to earn a PhD in mathematics. Graduated at age 18 with degrees in both mathematics and French. Personally integrated West Virginia University after a ruling by the Supreme Court. Took time off 2/6
Jun 28, 2020 • 9 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: DR. FERN HUNT, born 1948. Dr. Hunt is a probability theorist and mathematical biologist who has made important contributions to our understanding of dynamical systems and mathematical modeling. She was born in 1948 to working class parents, #GWOM 1/8
who supported and encouraged her scientific and mathematical passions. With their encouragement, she became the first member of her family to graduate college. She earned AB, MS, and PhD degrees in mathematics, and worked in academia until 1993, when she left to work 2/8
May 28, 2020 • 9 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: MARY GOLDA ROSS, 1908-2008. Mary Golda Ross was the first Native American woman to become an engineer. The great-granddaughter of a Cherokee Chief, she grew up in the Cherokee tradition, which educated boys and girls equally. She graduated from 1/x
Northeastern State Teacher's College, which was formerly the Cherokee Female Seminary, with a degree in mathematics at age 20. She spent 9 years teaching in rural Oklahoma schools during the Great Depression, taking courses towards her master's degree during summers. She went 2/x
May 16, 2020 • 7 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: MARIA AGNESI, 1718-1799. First woman to be appointed to a maths professorship (University of Bologna). Child prodigy who spoke 7 languages by age 11. Though she had many opportunities to study, growing up in a wealthy family, she chose mathematics 1/7
because "experience-derived knowledge is fallible," whereas mathematical knowledge is certain, provable, and not subject to human interpretation. She was one of 21 siblings, becoming a surrogate mother to many of the younger ones after their mother died. She took over their 2/7
May 11, 2020 • 8 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE, 1820-1910. Best known as a nurse who helped take the role of nurse from cultural caretaker to medical professional, Florence Nightingale was also a mathematical trailblazer. Her parents had objected to her becoming a nurse, 1/8
which held low social status at the time, but her diligence as a student was clear early in life--she was fluent in English, French, German, and Italian; and competent in Latin and classical Greek. She was directly responsible for many changes in hospital care during the 2/8
May 5, 2020 • 8 tweets • 4 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: MARGARET HAMILTON, born 1936. Software engineer who worked on the Apollo missions, founder of two software companies, author of over 130 papers. Hamilton earned a degree in mathematics with a minor in philosophy from @earlham1847. She intended to 1/8
pursue graduate work in mathematics, after teaching high school briefly, but got an opportunity to work with Lorenz at @MIT. There she helped develop software to predict weather patterns and influenced his work on chaos theory. Her next opportunity was at MIT's Lincoln Lab, 2/8
May 2, 2020 • 7 tweets • 4 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: DR. NANCY GRACE ROMAN, 1925-2018. The "Mother of Hubble," Dr. Roman was the first woman to hold an executive position @NASA, the agency's first Chief of Astronomy. Her interest in science was lifelong, supported by her parents but discouraged by 1/7
many others, including teachers. A high school counselor responded to her request to take algebra: "What lady would take mathematics instead of Latin?" She earned her undergraduate degree in astronomy from @swarthmore and her PhD from @UChicago, despite her adviser ignoring 2/7
Apr 20, 2020 • 9 tweets • 2 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: WANG ZHENYI, 1768-1797. Born at a time when Neo-Confucianism, a conservative strain of social philosophy, was ascendant, Zhenyi (Wang is the family name) had a lot of societal strictures to overcome to become a woman of mathematics and science. 1/8
She grew up in the family of a former district governor, which gave her access to a family library and let her become largely self-educated. Her need to understand on her own, without formal teachers, and the skills she developed as an autodidact allowed her to re-write and 2/8
Mar 11, 2020 • 10 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: HERTHA AYRTON, 1854-1923. British mathematician, engineer, and inventor, Ayrton was nominated for membership in the fellowship of the Royal Society in 1902--the first woman to be so honored. She was denied because, as a married woman, she had no 1/x
legal existence in British law, rendering her ineligible. She grew up in the home of a watchmaker father and seamstress mother, one of eight children. She went to school from ages 9 to 15, studying French and music primarily, before becoming a governess at age 16. Her male 2/x
Feb 27, 2020 • 16 tweets • 6 min read
MASTER THREAD of BLACK HISTORY MONTH threads on GREAT WOMEN OF MATHEMATICS!! Embedding links to the many great stories covered this month on @GWOMaths of black women mathematicians.
KATHERINE JOHNSON, 1918-2020, heroine of the Apollo space missions.
TODAY'S #dailymaths MATHEMATICS 2020 CHALLENGE PROBLEM (in pic). Each day's problem (w/previous day's solution) is tweeted ~6am Eastern. If you, your child, or your students would like to join our mathematical community by doing a guest solution, please DM. We'd love to have you!
Yesterday's problem and solution. I'm so excited!!! Nothing makes me happier than the days when we get to learn some real mathematics and not just show off which one of us can be the biggest pedant!!! Our guest mathematician is the coolest account on this site, @drrollergator!!
Feb 21, 2020 • 7 tweets • 2 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: DR. ANGIE TURNER KING, 1905-2004. Dr. King is best known as the teacher and mentor of Katherine Johnson, the mathematician who calculated trajectories for Apollo space missions (link below) but her story is amazing in its own right. She was the 1/7
granddaughter of former slaves. She lost her parents when she was very young, and was then raised for a time by her grandmother and later, separately, by her grandfather. With the trauma of slavery in her background, King's grandmother was not able to be a loving presence 2/7
Feb 19, 2020 • 8 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: DR. VIVIENNE MALONE-MAYES, 1932-1995. Dr. M was the fifth Black woman to earn a PhD in mathematics and the first Black faculty member of @Baylor. Both of her parents were teachers who encouraged their daughter's educational goals and nurtured #GWOM 1/8
her gifts. She graduated from a segregated high school in 1948 and went on to attend @FISK1866, where she earned her bachelor's and master's degrees. She worked at @PaulQuinnTigers, an HBCU, before applying to @Baylor, which rejected her on the basis of her race. Instead, she 2/8
Feb 19, 2020 • 7 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: DR. TRACHETTE JACKSON, born 1972. Trachette Jackson was an Air Force kid, moving all over the US and the world until she was 12, when the family settled in Arizona. She spent the summer after her junior year in an ASU program for minority students, 1/7
where her talent in calculus began opening more doors for her. Jackson credits the program with providing confidence and an introduction to the world of higher education, teaching the "hidden curriculum" that first gen students so often have to figure out alone. #GWOM 2/7
Feb 16, 2020 • 8 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAM OF MATHEMATICS: DR. FERN HUNT, born 1948. Dr. Hunt is a probability theorist and mathematical biologist who has made important contributions to our understanding of dynamical systems and mathematical modeling. She was born in 1948 to working class parents, #GWOM 1/8
supported and encouraged her scientific and mathematical passions. With their encouragement, she became the first member of her family to graduate from college. She earned AB, MS, and a PhD in mathematics. Dr. Hunt worked in academia until 1993, when she left the academy to 2/8
Feb 4, 2020 • 8 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: DR. GLADYS MAE WEST, born 1930. Pioneer responsible for the mathematics behind GPS. Growing up in rural Virginia, she saw how hard the lives of her parents, a tobacco farm and railroad worker, respectively, were and determined to find a way 1/8 #GWOM
to access education to improve her life and the lives of her family. She graduated as high school valedictorian, an accomplishment that earned her a full scholarship to Virginia State University, an HBCU. She majored in mathematics because of its rigor and difficulty, earning 2/8
Dec 17, 2019 • 8 tweets • 3 min read
GREAT WOMAN OF MATHEMATICS: EMILIE DU CHATELET, 1706-1749. Growing up in the household of a member of French nobility gave her better access to education than was typical for women in her era. Her father arranged for the secretary of the French Academy of Science to see #GWOM 1/8
his brilliant daughter and talk to her about science, and arranged tutoring for her. This encouragement of her intellect stoked her lifelong advocacy of education for women, and it also paid huge dividends. By age 12, she was fluent in at least four languages. At age 18, she 2/8