Itay Epshtain Profile picture
Senior Humanitarian Law and Policy Consultant; Special Advisor @NRC_Norway @NRC_Geneva. All views my own unless expressly stated otherwise.
Itay Epshtain Profile picture John Galt 🇫🇷 cpt secours JohnGalt1 🇳🇱 Profile picture Khayim Illia חיים ابو عائشة #FreePalestine🇵🇸 Profile picture Jean-Marc /Othman Profile picture The one and only Profile picture 6 subscribed
Apr 13 5 tweets 2 min read
BREAKING: #Israel's Attorney General Gali Baharav-Miara admits, in a legal opinion submitted for review by the government tomorrow (Sunday), that it has annexed the occupied West Bank (in grave breach of international law). See for details: Image 1/3 The #Israeli government is set to allocate an additional 40 million ILS to 'Ariel University,' located in a West Bank settlement of the same name, due to its exclusion from international academic collaboration and exchange programs.
Apr 8 4 tweets 2 min read
BREAKING: #Israel's Ministry of Defense issued an 'Urgent Tender' due yesterday for 40,000 12-person tents. Simple math shows Israel is planning to accommodate 480,000 people, most likely #Palestinians forcibly displaced to #Rafah, as part of a planned ground offensive that would see them displaced again.Image The political and practical arrangements for a #Rafah offensive continue; I would not read #Israel's redeployment of ground forces as the end of hostilities but as preparation for the next phase, which may prove to be even more devastating - bringing about mass displacement and deportation:
Apr 5 10 tweets 3 min read
@NRC_Norway calls for the immediate cessation of hostilities to avert further atrocities, after six months of unparalleled hostilities in #Gaza. "The humanitarian crisis in #Gaza has reached catastrophic levels, with nearly the entire population forcibly displaced and facing dire shortages of essential goods and services for survival," said @NRC_Egeland, secretary general of @NRC_Norway.
Apr 4 4 tweets 2 min read
BREAKING: In the #Israeli High Court of Justice hearing of the petition by @Gisha_Access to order the State to remove impediments to humanitarian relief to #Gaza, the State Council makes two interrelated arguments: Image 1/3 First, #Israel is not the occupying power in #Gaza, with respect to Art.42 of the Hague Regulations, as it is not under its actual authority, but under that of Hamas. Counsel would like to share facts an 'in camera' session. Image
Apr 4 11 tweets 2 min read
Two legal reflections on the expose by @yuval_abraham @972mag: #Israel's misapplication of 'continuous combat function,' and the low threshold for civilian harm. A thread: 972mag.com/lavender-ai-is… 1/10 In a non-international armed conflict (NIAC), an individual whose continuous function involves the preparation,
execution or command of operations amounting to direct participation in hostilities on behalf of an organized armed group is considered a member of that group.
Apr 3 8 tweets 2 min read
#Israel’s 6-month offensive in #Gaza amounts to a 'war of debilitation,' characterized by the unlawful intent and attempt to bring the complete destruction and disintegration of all public life and institutions, as shown by a @WorldBank, @EU_Commission and @UN report: The housing sector and population centers have sustained the majority of damages, estimated at 18.5 billion USD, equivalent to 97% of the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of West Bank & Gaza in 2022. Image
Apr 2 8 tweets 3 min read
The targeted killing by #Isarel of seven World Central Kitchen @WCKitchen humanitarian relief personnel in #Gaza is not a "tragic incident," as Israeli officials put it, but a culmination of normative problems, going back decades. A thread: Image 1/5 A permissive attitude on the use of force by #Israel in #Gaza has already led to the killing of numerous @UNRWA staff and the destruction of its premises, in breach of the 1946 Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the @UN: Image
Apr 1 6 tweets 2 min read
To what extent has #Israel annexed occupied #Palestinian territory and created a fait accompli tantamount to the crime of #aggression? Events of yesterday and today in #AlAuja (West Bank) serve as a case in point: Image Yesterday, Bezalel Smotrich (Min. of Finance and Overseer of Occupied Territory), Idit Silman (Min. of Environmental Protection) and Zvi Sukkot (Chair of Judea and Samaira Parliamentary Committee) visited #AlAuja and vowed to permanently displace this #Palestinian community.
Mar 30 6 tweets 2 min read
UPDATE: According to #Israel’s published figures, between 7 October 23' and 28 March 24', 252,585 tons of food were allowed into #Gaza, averaging 1,460 tons a day - only 35 percent of the minimum food intake of 4,191 tons a day Israel itself calculated.Image Yet, #Israel stated on Friday that "we outright reject any allegations according to which Israel is purposefully starving the civilian population in #Gaza." In fact, depriving the population of 65 percent of its minimal daily food ration amounts to intentional starvation.Image
Mar 29 13 tweets 4 min read
Here is my reflection on the additional provisional measures indicated by the @CIJ_ICJ in the Genocide Convention case, given, as the #ICJ holds, "the worsening conditions of life faced by #Palestinians in #Gaza, in particular, the spread of #famine and #starvation," a thread: Image The Court ordered additional provisional measures "in view of the prolonged and widespread deprivation of food and other basic necessities to which the Palestinians in the #Gaza Strip have been subjected," with "famine setting in."
Mar 20 5 tweets 2 min read
Expose by @Haaretz this morning - #Israel's military uses #US Korean War (1950-1953) surplus ammunition in #Gaza, leading to indiscriminate and reckless targeting, in what could very well be a grave breach of international humanitarian law #IHL. Image According to sources within #Israel's military, the expired ammunition and antiquated weapon systems (the M109 Howitzer, in service since 1963) led to a "sharp increase in the risk of misfire and targeting errors." Image
Mar 5 4 tweets 1 min read
Some aid into besieged #Gaza - through airdrops and (reportedly) amphibious vehicles departing Cyprus - is better than no aid to the intentionally starved population. But there are three normative and operational caveats: Image 1. The crude volume of humanitarian relief required - over 500 truckloads a day - cannot be matched by even the most extensive aerial and maritime operation. Nor does it resolve issues with prioritising distribution and ensuring a dignified and safe delivery.
Feb 28 5 tweets 2 min read
#Israel inaugurated 'Road 749', running the 7 km width of #Gaza, south of Gaza City and intended as a permanent route for Israeli ground forces. Permeance designed to acquire occupied territory indefinitely. Image Just north of Road 749 is what remains of the Karni Crossing, dismantled by Israel in 2011 when it was last operated. #Israel intends to use it as a log base from which aid will be provided to sympathetic "villagers associations" in #Gaza. Image
Feb 24 4 tweets 2 min read
How would #Israel justify to the International Court of Justice #ICJ - in a report due Monday - that it failed to comply with provisional measures ordering it to enable the provision of humanitarian relief, when trucks coming in went from 600+ a day (pre 7 October) to a handful? Image It is not above erroneously claiming that protesters - encouraged to "cancel aid and fuel to Hamas," through a carnival held at Ashdod Port, Nitzana and Kerem Shalom Crossings - made it impossible to facilitate critical relief to #Gaza, as mandated by the Court. Image
Feb 23 4 tweets 2 min read
What do we learn from #Israel's leaked day-after document:
1. It's conducting a war of debilitation intended to annihilate government functions in #Gaza.
2. It intends to permanently acquire (read: annex) territory in Gaza under the guise of security needs.
3. It is determined to suppress all manifestations of #Palestinian self-determination, including political independence, territorial integrity and permanent sovereignty.Image In 1974, the @UN defined the act of aggression. #Israel's current conduct in #Gaza and its stated intentions with respect to occupied #Palestinian territory rise to the level of a crime of aggression.
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Feb 21 10 tweets 5 min read
Two significant developments this afternoon, in the first the #Israeli Parliament, with an overwhelming majority of 99 out of 120 members - from coalition and opposition parries - adopts the following:
1. Israel utterly rejects international diktats regarding a permanent settlement with the #Palestinians. A settlement, if it is to be reached, will come about solely through direct negotiations between the parties, without preconditions.
2. Israel will continue to oppose unilateral recognition of a Palestinian state. Such recognition in the wake of the October 7th massacre would be a massive and unprecedented reward to terrorism and would prevent any future peace settlement.Image Addressing the plenary, #Netanyahu said: "I congratulate the members of the Knesset, including from the opposition, who voted with a huge majority in favor of my proposal that Israel oppose being unilaterally dictated to establish a Palestinian state. I don't remember many votes that the Knesset voted with a majority of 99 out of 120. The Knesset united with an overwhelming majority against the attempt to dictate to us the establishment of a Palestinian state,a dictate that will not only not bring peace but will endanger the State of Israel. The members of the House are united as the people are united in a way that has never been before. Today's vote sends a clear message to the international community."Image
Feb 17 4 tweets 2 min read
BREAKING: Speaking at a presser this evening, #Israel's Netanyahu confirmed ground operations in #Rafah will coincide with the forcible transfer of already displaced #Palestinians. He did not divulge as to whether, but I suspect his former National Security Advisor and close confidant Meir Ben Shabbat has already mapped it out.Image On 15 October 2023, exactly 4 months ago, his government-sponsored think tank identified two such locations: 1. the area east of #Rafah (once the location of the #Gaza airport, long destroyed by Israel) to which hundreds of thousands of Palestinians can be forced. Image
Feb 16 4 tweets 2 min read
BREAKING: #Israel's Channel 13 News reports an overnight Cabinet meeting in which #Netanyahu presented a position paper on (opposing) a #Palestinian state. So far no news here, but the fact that Benny #Gantz - considered by too many as a political alternative - says "For the record, I oppose a Palestinian State," should resonate.Image It needs to be made clear that there is no #Israeli political consultation in which it engages in good-faith negotiations toward a politically independent and permanently sovereign #Palestinian state. The only way forward is adjudication and mandatory arbitration, imposing an end to Israeli occupation and the realization of Palestinian self-determination.
Feb 9 14 tweets 5 min read
BREAKING: #Israel's Netanyahu confirms operational plans to forcibly transfer - and possibly deport - 1.3 million #Palestinians coerced to #Rafah at #Gaza's most southern end. An operational plan conceived, as I had argued, four months ago. Image #Israel's former National Security Advisor and close confidant of the PM, Meir Ben-Shabbat, has laid out the options leading Israel down the path of a war of aggression - a gross violation of international law - on 13 October already, let's recall; Image
Feb 8 5 tweets 2 min read
The rolling #Israeli ground operation in #Rafah, southern #Gaza was planned on 13 October 2023 by the Ministry of Intelligence, with the intent to force the mass deportation of #Palestinians across the border to #Egypt. The risk of this plan materializing is now at its highest. The law is clear, imposing an absolute prohibition on the deportation of occupied peoples, such as #Palestinians in #Gaza, and #Israel will not be able to preclude the wrongfulness of such acts (or the attempt to annex Gaza in the aftermath, amounting to a crime of aggression). Image
Jan 28 8 tweets 3 min read
BREAKING: Within the first hour the "Return to #Gaza Conference" - attended by #Israeli Cabinet Ministers and Members of Parliament - presents a plan for the re-establishment of 15 Israeli settlements and the addition of 6 new ones, on where recently destroyed #Palestinian communities stood.Image The list of those in attendance corresponds to #Israeli officials named by #SouthAfrica in the @ICJ proceeding in connection with direct and public indictment to #genocide.
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