Key Genetic Composition of South Indians
Neolithic farmers from Iran began mixing with local hunter-gatherers (AASI) ~10k to 7k years ago. This mixture formed the basis of the Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), the dominant genetic component across all South Indians (55%–78%)
1/10 Ancient Ancestral South Indians (AASI): This is the truly indigenous lineage of South Asia, descended from hunter-gatherers who arrived roughly 50,000–70,000 years ago. It is most prominent in South Indian tribal groups (e.g., Paniya and Irula)
2/10

(Two views: top & bottom)
Krishna battles the Demon Nikumbha,
An Illustration from the Bhagavata Purana
Watercolour with gold on paper
India, Kangra or Guler,
c.1820-30
"The scene depicts Krishna’s battle with the demon Nikumbha related in the Mahabharata"
sothebys.com/en/auctions/ec… "Krishna’s brother Balarama stands in readiness behind him. Among the large retinue of armed soldiers are the five Pandava brothers seen behind Balarama, while their foes, the Kaurava brothers, are seen with Bhishma at lower centre."

Indian music
Representation of the first note of the scale, Sa (ṣadj), whose sound derives from the cry of the peacock, and its four microtones
Images from a manuscript,
a Dakhni translation (c.1570) of a 13thC Sanskrit text: bl.uk/manuscripts/Vi…, and
blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-afri… @sanjayuvacha @ranjithoskote @DanHusain @hemantsarin @atalbrave @barbarikon @swativashishtha @RachelMJDwyer @ambrin_hayat @WhiteMughalsFan Indian music
Representation of the 2nd note of the scale, Re (Rishabha), whose sound derives from the sound of the Skylark, and its 3 microtones
Images from a manuscript,
a Dakhni translation (c.1570) of a 13thC Sanskrit text: bl.uk/manuscripts/Vi…, and
blogs.bl.uk/asian-and-afri…