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James L. Nuzzo, PhD Profile picture
James L. Nuzzo, PhD
@JamesLNuzzo
Exercise Scientist | Men's Health Researcher | Dual citizen from rural Pennsylvania 🇺🇸🇦🇺 | The Nuzzo Letter: https://t.co/AMoItzFrul
Apr 7, 2025 • 5 tweets • 2 min read
🧵NEW: Our latest paper is a meta-analysis of sex differences in upper- and lower-limb strength in kids aged 5-17 years old (3,497 boys; 3,137 girls).

Before, during, and after puberty, boys are stronger than girls on average. The sex difference in muscle strength is ~10% in 5–10-year-olds and increases to ∼40% in 14–17-year-olds. Throughout development, the sex difference in strength tends to be more pronounced in upper- than lower-limb muscles.

Co-author: @MatheusdPintoImage 2/5. All 299 effect sizes in the analysis. Positive effect sizes to the right of the dashed vertical zero line represent when the group of boys was stronger than the group of girls. Negative effect sizes to the left of the dashed vertical zero line represent when the groups of girls were stronger than the group of boys.Image