4/6 of modern day Spain was controlled Umayyad Caliphate. The northern African Muslim kingdom. From 6th century to 16th century or roughly 1500's Spain was conquered by European Christians following the descendants of the Holy Roman Empire once it fell and fractured. #History I should type this as all of modern day Spain was a North African Kingdom from the Umayyad Caliphate for 860+ years modern day Spain was a Muslim Kingdom. Through crusades by Latin Catholics as they used missions to further inflict their aggression and wars did they continue-

Human Rights Heroes Santa & Scrooge via @YouTube Our modern image of Santa and the character of Scrooge are icons of Christmas that were born in the era of the civil war, workers' rights. Charles Dickens and Thomas Nast artists in service to human values. Time to educate Americans. The Origin of Santa Claus, originates from Charles Dickens written work back in 1843 prior to the American civil war, then during the War to help galvanize Union forces in the north, Santa Claus was first drawn/created -"by Thomas Nast a Cartoonist 1)