Thevesh Profile picture
Mostly tweets data about Malaysia 🇲🇾
Apr 7 8 tweets 4 min read
Under Trump's so-called "reciprocal" tariff regime, he claimed Malaysia has a 47% rate on the US, thus justifying their revenge of 24%.

So I looked into the granular data, and guess what?

Malaysia's actual effective tariff rate on the US is......

1.4%

🧵of how I found this  Msia: Imports from USA at 6D HS level from Feb 2024 to Jan 2025 Tariffed: 1566 out of 4339 products Effective tariff rate: 1.4%  Electrical Machinery: 2.5 bil / 46.0 bil exposed to tariffs Mechanical Machinery: 3.4 bil / 30.4 bil  Aircraft & Spacecraft: 0.0 bil / 8.7 bil  Others: 2.4 bil / 7.1 bil  Mineral Fuels & Oils: 3.4 bil / 6.3 bil  Optical Instruments: 0.0 bil / 6.2 bil  Aluminium Products: 0.3 bil / 5.6 bil  Plastics: 3.1 bil / 5.4 bil  Pulp: 0.0 bil / 2.4 bil  Copper: 0.0 bil / 1.8 bil  Chemicals (Misc): 0.2 bil / 1.8 bil  Inorganic Chemicals: 0.0 bil / 1.1 bil  Pharmaceuticals: 0... First step: Gather data on all the tariffs / import duties Malaysia currently imposes on the US under Perintah Duti Kastam 2022.

The best globally-applicable source for this is the World Integrated Trade Solution.

You can download the data I used here: wits.worldbank.org/tariff/trains/…
Apr 4 9 tweets 5 min read
I dug into the White House's list of 1039 tariff-exempt items.

Here's the final result: Using the most granular trade data available for the past 1 year, 24.2% of Malaysia's exports to US would be tariff-free.

This means 75.8% of our exports to US (10.2% of exports overall) would get hit by the tariff.

🧵Thread explaining my derivation.Bar chart titled "Msia: Exports to USA at 2D HS level, Feb 2024 to Jan 2025."   Exempt: RM48.9 bil out of 202.4 bil (24.2%).   Categories (in RM bil, % of total): Electrical Machinery 111.0 (54.8%), Nuclear Reactors 29.0 (14.3%), Medical Instruments 17.5 (8.7%), Rubber 7.9 (3.9%), Furniture 7.1 (3.5%), Others 7.0 (3.5%), Iron and Steel 4.2 (2.1%), Oils & Fats 3.1 (1.5%), Plastics 2.6 (1.3%), Cocoa 1.7 (0.9%), Aluminum 1.7 (0.8%), Wood 1.5 (0.8%), Apparel & Clothing 1.3 (0.6%), Chemicals 1.2 (0.6%), Organic Chemicals 1.1 (0.6%), Aircraft & Spacecraft 1.1 (0.5%), Glassware 0.9 (0.5%... First, quick description of data sources:

Source 1: Granular trade data from @StatsMalaysia, available from mymets.dosm.gov.my.

Source 2: List of exempt codes from the White House (page 15-19 here: whitehouse.gov/wp-content/upl…)
Mar 22 8 tweets 4 min read
Apabila saya lihat survei drpd influencer terhebat spt @khairulaming, saya selalu sgt curious samada dia match dgn realiti ke tak.

Jadi, adakah KA punya survey balik raya tepat?

Short answer: Pretty damn ACCURATE.

🧵 Short thread explaining how I got my results. 05-Apr: 30.5% from GoogleMaps vs 27.7% from KhairulAming 06-Apr: 24.5% from GoogleMaps vs 19.6% from KhairulAming 07-Apr: 16.3% from GoogleMaps vs 14.0% from KhairulAming 08-Apr: 28.7% from GoogleMaps vs 38.8% from KhairulAming
12-Apr: 23.6% from GoogleMaps vs 22.0% from KhairulAming 13-Apr: 33.1% from GoogleMaps vs 26.6% from KhairulAming 14-Apr: 33.2% from GoogleMaps vs 32.2% from KhairulAming 15-Apr: 10.1% from GoogleMaps vs 19.1% from KhairulAming
First step: Last year during Raya, I ran a live traffic bot using the Google Maps API. This enabled me to gather quite a lot of data (at 20-minute frequency) on traffic across highways in Malaysia.

And of course, what I posted is only a subset of what I collected - I posted the stuff I was more confident with, while collecting more to study.

x.com/Thevesh/status…
Oct 22, 2024 6 tweets 2 min read
A lot has been said about how much the 'rich' make in Malaysia.

But there has been almost no discussion of the other side of the coin - how much tax do the 'rich' pay?

Using only open data, here's the answer - and it will probably shock you.

In 2022, T15 paid ~80% of taxes. Line chart showing the cumulative distribution of tax paid by individuals in Malaysia.  The curve is steep at the higher percentiles, indicating a high concentration of tax payments among top earners.  Key visual elements: 1. The x-axis represents the percentage of taxpayers, from 0% to 100% at 10% intervals. 2. The y-axis shows the cumulative percentage of tax paid, from 0% to 100% at 10% intervals. 3. The chart uses a black line with small circular markers. 4. The x-axis includes additional tick marks at 85% and 95% to highlight the T15 and T5 statistics.  Key statistics: - Top 15% (T15) ... Upon seeing this, your reaction might be:

"Well, the rich make most of the income, so they should pay most of the tax."

Fair enough. However, I felt it was not right to only discuss the income of the rich, but not their tax contribution.

Hence this chart. These are the facts.
Jan 25, 2024 5 tweets 2 min read
Saya faham masing2 marah bab pencen.

Walaupun perasaan itu valid, saya rasa korg patut tahu fakta dan datanya juga.

Berapa sebenarnya pencen menteri / MP?

Jawapannya: ~RM85 juta setahun, angka yg sgt2 kecil dalam big picture. Dalam 0.02% drpd bajet shj.
Jumlah Peruntukan bagi tujuan Pencen Ahli Politik (RM mil) Rujukan: Dokumen Tanggungan 14 (T.14)  2010: RM52.4 mil 2011: RM52.4 mil 2012: RM63.9 mil 2013: RM58.7 mil 2014: RM62.7 mil 2015: RM70.1 mil 2016: RM69.0 mil 2017: RM80.5 mil 2018: RM79.7 mil 2019: RM95.5 mil 2020: RM95.5 mil 2021: RM10.6 mil 2022: RM100.9 mil 2023: RM85.7 mil 2024: RM83.6 mil
Peruntukan mengikut Jenis Perbelanjaan (2024)  Pencen Ahli Politik: RM0.1 bil  (0.02%) Pencen: RM26.0 bil  (6.57%) Emolumen: RM95.6 bil  (24.16%) Mengurus (OE): RM303.8 bil  (76.76%) Keseluruhan: RM395.8 bil  (100.00%)
Mungkin anda tertanya2 - siapa sebenarnya yang menerima duit pencen yg byk tu?

Inilah jawapannya - dalam buku bajet (merujuk T.14), memang setiap kategori penerima diperincikan secara telus. Perbelanjaan Pencen 2024 mengikut Penerima Jumlah Besar: RM26.0 bil  Ahli Sukarela: RM0.000 bil  (0.00%) Rancangan BAY: RM0.002 bil  (0.01%) Askar Johor: RM0.004 bil  (0.01%) Hakim: RM0.041 bil  (0.16%) Ahli Politik: RM0.084 bil  (0.32%) Pesara Sarawak: RM0.244 bil  (0.94%) Pesara Sabah: RM0.541 bil  (2.08%) Polis: RM1.304 bil  (5.01%) Tentera: RM2.074 bil  (7.98%) Pesara Sem Msia: RM21.707 bil  (83.49%)
Jan 23, 2024 7 tweets 3 min read
How has the ethnic composition of Semenanjung Malaysia changed since Merdeka (1957)?

Answer:
• The Malay/Bumi % has steadily risen and is now at an all-time HIGH.
• The Chinese/Indian % has steadily fallen and is now at an all-time LOW.

🧵A sobering thread

#myopendata
1901-2023 Population of Semenanjung by Ethnicity (%)  2023: 67.6% Bumi, 23.9% Chin, 7.8% Ind, 0.7% Lain, 2020: 67.2% Bumi, 23.9% Chin, 8.3% Ind, 0.7% Lain, 2015: 65.9% Bumi, 24.9% Chin, 8.6% Ind, 0.6% Lain, 2010: 64.6% Bumi, 25.8% Chin, 8.9% Ind, 0.7% Lain, 2005: 63.5% Bumi, 26.7% Chin, 9.1% Ind, 0.8% Lain, 2000: 62.4% Bumi, 27.4% Chin, 9.3% Ind, 0.8% Lain, 1991: 60.3% Bumi, 29.5% Chin, 9.5% Ind, 0.8% Lain, 1980: 55.3% Bumi, 33.8% Chin, 10.2% Ind, 0.7% Lain, 1970: 53.1% Bumi, 35.5% Chin, 10.6% Ind, 0.8% Lain, 1957: 49.8% Bumi, 37.2% Chin, 11.1% Ind, 2.0% Lain, 1947: 49.5% Bumi, 38.4% Chin, ... I won't touch on the history behind the large changes in Malaya's ethnic composition observed in the early 1900s (cerita panjang, and most know anyway).

Suffice it to say: The long-term trend leading to today only really kicked in after WW2.

So the question is - why?
Jan 4, 2024 5 tweets 2 min read
(1/n) I am very frustrated seeing the QTs to this.

I want PADU to succeed. It's something very vital for gov.

So here is a nuanced view:

1) Education and employment details outdated, no problem. These are good to crowdsource.

2) Marriage details incorrect, big problem. (2/n) Why is it a big problem? Because we were told that PADU integrates 100s of government databases.

Surely JPN marriage database (for non-Muslims) is one of them.

This is NOT something people should have to edit!!
Aug 14, 2023 4 tweets 2 min read
Comment: I disagree with using win % to compare parties within a coalition (DAP vs PKR vs BN).

Why?

Because their seats are different!

47 kerusi DAP lawan, kalau letak PKR masih menang hampir semua kot.

59 kerusi PKR lawan, kalau letak DAP, mungkin prestasi akan lebih teruk. Similarly, apabila kita kata UMNO corot hanya menang 19/108, kena Ingat, byk yg mereka tanding dekat Kelantan, Terengganu dan Kedah.

Letak siapa pun daripada PH+BN di sana, result masih sama.

There are other ways to show UMNO poor performance. Win % is not the best indicator.
Oct 26, 2022 10 tweets 6 min read
In GE14
- Where was voter turnout highest?
- Where was undi rosak highest?
- Which seats were won with the biggest majority?

Here are some maps summarising the open data from @sprgovmy!

And that's not all.... In general, your vote matters a LOT more than you think.

In more than 60% of seats, the number of people who didn't vote was MORE than the winning majority.

Implication: Those who didn't vote *could* have swung the result.