1/5

JP Morgan has identified 41 AI-related stocks, 8% of the S&P 500. These stocks now account for 47% of the Index's market capitalization, a new record.

The other 459 stocks, 92% of the S&P 500, are 53% of the Index's market capitalization. 2/5

The list of the AI-related stocks

1/5

Over the weekend I posted the thread below noting that liquidity was getting “worrisome.”

On Thursday, SOFR was 4.30%, for a spread over IOR of 12 bps (the widest such spread since March 2020, not shown).

(All this is explained in the reposted thread.)

https://twitter.com/biancoresearch/status/1979601309910106137

2/5

This morning Friday’s SOFR was reported at 4.18%, down 12 bps. (SOFR is reported every morning for the previous day.)

So, is the liquidity problem now over? Not exactly.

Here is a version of the last above, but it only shows the last 6 months, and the SOFR/IOR spread in the bottom panel is daily (not a moving average).

1/6

Are Banks Having a Liquidity Problem?

tl:dr, Liquidity in the plumbing of the financial system is getting scarce. It is not a crisis now, but it has been moving in this direction for weeks, and it is now at a worrisome point.

When the financial plumbing gets stressed, it is when bad loans (aka "cockroaches") get noticed.

(long thread, tried to write it so "normies" can follow.)
---

Wall Street is famous for diagnosing symptoms, not causes. I believe they are doing this again with the banking issues of the last few days., I do not think this is a "cockroach" problem (bad credit/loans) waiting to get disclosed publicly.

It is a liquidity problem that makes the "cockroaches" matter.

Banks (all 4,000+) hand out a trillion in loans. So, they will always have "cockroaches." So, it is not an issue of whether cockroaches exist; they always do. Instead, it is the environment in which such disclosures are made. Does the market care or not?

Now it cares. Why?

---

@NickTimiraos said below:

How to define "temporary" and "modest." Repo rates in the last two days have moved up to the top of the fed-funds range and around 10 bps above IORB, but it's only been two days.

---

I would argue it has not "only" been two days; worsening liquidity in the funding market has been unfolding for weeks. It just got noticed in the last two days.

This chart shows Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR (orange), and Interest on Reserves, or IOR (blue). The bottom panel shows the spread between these two, along with some metrics (dashed line = average, shaded area = standard deviation range).

See the arrow; this spread (3-day average, so it is less noisy) has been tightening for weeks. This spread moved to positive territory in early September and has remained there for weeks. The last time it was positive for this long was in March 2020 (not shown). 2/6

A positive spread is typical around month- and quarter-end "window dressing," when financial institutions need to report their positions and want to show conservative cash positions. Now it has been weeks, and it is in the middle of the month.

This chart shows that liquidity has been worsening for weeks. It was two days ago that it finally got noticed.

But note that Jay Powell noticed it, because in his speech to the NABE Conference three days ago:

Some signs have begun to emerge that liquidity conditions are gradually tightening, including a general firming of repo rates along with more noticeable but temporary pressures on selected dates.

SOFR replaced Libor (London InterBank Offer Rate) two years ago; it is the rate charged in the funding markets (that is, financial institutions that need cash and will borrow to get iInterbank Offer Rate) two years ago; it is the rate charged in the funding markets (that is, financial institutions that need cash and will borrow to get it) for overnight loans collateralized by Treasury Bills) on overnight loans collateralized by Treasury Bill ("Secured"). So these loans carry no credit risk. They are compared to the IOR rate, which is the interest rate the Federal Reserve pays banks on their reserve balances. This means that the spread between SOFR and IOR is purely driven by supply and demand. SOFR comprises three components.

* General Collateral repo Loans
* Tri-party repo (biggest part)
* Fixed Income Clearing Corporation (FICC) cleared bilateral repo

As the bottom panel shows, the SOFR market is now $3 trillion of overnight loans a day. It has doubled in the last two years.

The SOFR market has never been bigger (strong demand), and spreads are moving higher (insufficient supply).

1/4

JP Morgan has identified 41 "AI-Related" stocks.

As this chart shows, they are now 45% of the S&P 500. 2/4

A list of the stocks

1/6

Recessions and financial crises can have a profound and lasting impact on an economy for years to come.

We had both in 2020. This changed the economy.

Change does not mean worse or dystopian. It means different. This economy differs from 2019 (pre-COVID).
🧵

https://twitter.com/BobEUnlimited/status/1962171277403210013

2/6

Following every recession, the tenor of inflation shifts.

The current post-COVID recovery, as shown in blue, indicates inflation has reached a significantly higher level, with more volatility (wider standard deviation) than during the post-financial crisis period.

1/8

In this post about rising inflation, some replies suggest that housing prices are falling, which will help hold down inflation.

The problem is that most metrics are saying home prices are booming to all-time highs. This is why we have an "affordability" crisis.

🧵

https://twitter.com/biancoresearch/status/1962143909208879456

2/8

Case-Shiller National Home Price Index.

All-time high.

Home prices have been 🚀 for years.

The problem is not mortgage rates, it's inventory (not enough).

Cut rates and home sellers raise prices, and monthly payments remain unchanged. The affordability problem remains. Greedy boomer homeowners get richer.

How to fix affordability?

Reduce zoning and building regulations to increase inventory. The problem is that selfish boomer homeowners wield these laws to restrict supply and drive up the price of their homes. The Atlanta Federal Reserve calculates a Housing Affordability Monitor.

The median income in the United States (blue) and the income needed to qualify for a mortgage (detailed below the chart). The bottom panel shows the difference.

At 58%, this means one needs 58% more than the median income ($ 83k) to qualify for a median mortgage ($ 130k).

This is a new record, even greater than the peak before the housing crash from 2007 to 2009.

Home prices are too high. Cutting mortgage rates will only incentivize home sellers to increase their asking prices, and the problem persists.

We need more supply, that is what the record "unaffordability" is saying..

1/3

Powell may have given Trump an opening to remove him. Will Trump take it?

Or, does Trump want/need "Too Late" Powell to stay as Fed Chairman until May 2026 to use as a punching bag?

🧵

https://twitter.com/NickTimiraos/status/1944440773031686341

2/3

The OMB Director and Acting CFPB Director @russvought laid out the charges of lying to Congress and mismanaging the renovation of the Fed (Eccles) building.

Powell has until July 22 to respond.

https://x.com/russvought/status/1943362774416883908

1/8

Yesterday, Jim appeared on Bloomberg TV, warning that if the Fed cuts rates and the market thinks this is wrong, 10-year yields could surge through 5%.

(Perspective ... 10-year yields were last above 5% in October 2023 and as high as 4.85% in January).

🧵 2/8

President Trump disagrees with this thinking and believes the federal funds rate should be 1% right now.

From a "truth" posted on June 30.

1/4

I would argue that if the Fed cuts rates and you assume mortgage rates follow the federal funds rate lower (they may NOT be the case), home prices would rise, putting the monthly payment right back at $2,860.

Short 🧵

https://twitter.com/JeffWeniger/status/1937984896808399113

2/4

This is my favorite metric of home prices because it adjusts for the size of the house.

Redfin downloads every multiple listing service (MLS) across the country to calculate their median.

Prices are at a new all-time high.

1/8

Why are we not seeing a "flight-to-quality" into the dollar? Why are bond yields rising?

The answer, I believe, is the markets are NOT viewing Israel/Iran as a safe haven event, but rather a crude oil supply shock story.

IOW, this is NOT viewed as the start of WW III.
🧵

https://twitter.com/FrontierMetrix/status/1933638545148948907

2/8

What is typical when events like happen is we get tables like this.

They are incredibly misleading.

They only highlight known historical events. They don't highlight events that everyone thought was the start of "WW III" but was not.

https://x.com/TheShortBear/status/1933380751401103811

1/12

Polymarket recession odds peaked at 65% on May 1st, the April ISM release date, suggesting Liberation Day and the 20% stock market correction did not damage the economy, as the "soft data" warned.

Subsequent April data confirmed this.

Will May see more of the same?

🧵 2/12

The prevailing narrative in the market for months has been that the labor market is going to fall apart, forcing the Fed to cut rates.

This has not happened, and so far, the "soft" (survey) data have been wildly off in predicting the economy.

1/9

Why The Fed Is Not Cutting Anytime Soon

The economy is rebounding strongly, and prices are rising.

It would be reckless to cut rates under these conditions.

The market knows this ... see this chart.

🧵 2/9

Collapsing Imports are Positive For GDP

*US GOODS IMPORTS FALL 19.8% M/M, BIGGEST DROP ON RECORD

The amount of imported goods declined in April, as expected. April 2 was Liberation Day, and the rise in tariffs slowed imports.

1/5

Inflation Update:

May 1st estimated inflation at 1.35%. 25 days later, they are 0.72% higher at 2.07%.

Tariffs?
--
Truflaton measures more goods than services. Goods inflation is lower than services inflation.

So, the rate of change is more important than the level. 2/5

Before, Truflation was the Billion Prices Project, which is now called PriceStats and is owned by State Street Bank. The creator is @albertocavallo

On Thursday, the Financial Times featured some of their work. It says the same thing as truflation.

ft.com/content/b27e76…

See the red line on the right. With increased tariffs (red line to the left), the prices of goods originating from China are increasing rapidly.

Also note that the Chinese-originated price rise (red line to the right) began around May 1st, the same time truflation started its upward march.

1/12

Is the consumer paying higher prices due to tariffs?

We don't know for sure, and will not for months, but some numbers suggest they are.

This will surge inflation and keep the Fed on hold for a long while.

Wall Street does not get this.

🧵 2/12

Customs collects tariffs daily and sends most to the Treasury around the 22nd.

On Thursday (May 22), $16B flowed into the Treasury's account.

Tariff collections are now ~$29B ahead of last year's. On Liberation Day, they were ~$5B ahead of last year.

+$24B in 7 weeks.

1/9

ISM was released this morning, marking the first monthly data point since Liberation Day.

It beat expectations and is not giving indications that manufacturers "froze" or "hit a wall" post Liberation Day.
--
*US APRIL ISM MANUFACTURING INDEX FALLS TO 48.7; EST. 47.9 2/9

It is consistent with decent NON-TARIFF growth.

1/6

Wall Street only cares about weak growth and wants cuts.

Main Street cares about higher prices.

The Fed is aligned with Main Street.
🧵
--
Polymarket betting is as good a gauge as any to measure the consensus opinion.

Now, 70% expect that a recession will occur in 2025. 2/6

So explain this ...

Why is there only a 9% chance of a cut next week?

1/7

Yesterday, I made the case that tariff-driven inflation expectations are soaring, driving the bond market, and paralyzing the Fed from cutting despite fears of a recession.



In the 🧵I will address some retorts.

https://x.com/biancoresearch/status/1911132982494347319

2/7

Yesterday I noted the soaring surveys of inflation expectations and included this chart.

1/16

What Happened to Bonds Last Week?

🧵

Last week, the 30-year yield rose 46 basis points last week to end at 4.87%.

As this chart shows, this was its biggest weekly rise since April 1987 (38 years ago!). 2/16

Why Did This Happen?

Let's start with what it was not. It was not data that suggested the economy was strong or recent inflation was high.

Here is a tick chart of the last 3-days of the 10-year yield.

1/6

Bonds are getting crushed again today. Now it looks like selling is coming from foreigners, especially Europe.

China is believed to hold several hundred billion of US Treasuries in legal entities in Belgium and Luxembourg.
🧵 2/6

The 10-year continues to get crushed today ... just traded 4.57%.

Higher than Tuesday's peak of 4.51%

*US 10-YEAR YIELD HITS HIGHEST SINCE FEBRUARY AS SELLOFF RESUMES

1/4

How stressed are markets? By this metric, the most in 17 years.
---
SPY = The S&P 500 Index Trust. This was the first ETF created in 1993 and is one of the largest at $575 billion.
----
The middle panel is SPY's Net Asset Value (NAV). The price closed at a 90-basis-point premium to the underlying value of the assets.

The last time anything like this happened was 2008. To emphasize, not even in the crazy days of 2020 did its divergence get this big. 2/4

VOO = Vanguard S&P 500, $566 billion in assets

At the same time VOO, which is Vanguard's version of SPY, went out at one of its biggest discounts in years (middle panel).