VP & Director @RegAssistProj Fellow @EnergyInstitute Research @ecioxford @cisl_cambridge @SPRU Cohost @WattMattersPod Advisory Group @wef Board member
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For those wanting to understand why the most expensive generator dispatched sets the price I highly recommend this explainer by @LionHirth hertie-school.org/en/news/detail…
1/ This is no different for other countries. Here's data from @CEERenergy on the minutes of interruptions per customer per year (SAIDI). Whilst wind and solar have seen record growth in Europe customer DO NOT experience more interruptions. ceer.eu/publication/7t…
1/ Modelling at EU level indicates that gas demand will decline by 71-73% by 2050 as part of the path to net zero climate targets. 
1/ Until recently operational emissions from buildings were the elephant in the room. This is changing now with more attention being paid to them. 
1/ Many uninsulated homes and buildings are already heated to comfortable temperatures with heat pumps, as shown across multiple case studies, including an uninsulated stone church. isoenergy.co.uk/projects#sort=…
1/ The future energy system will be characterised by a lot more "electricity-only" renewables (mainly solar and wind). Many of the conversion losses are currently due conversion losses at the electricity generation stage. This will no longer be anywhere near as significant in a system dominated by solar and wind.
1/ Here are some real world examples starting with beer brewing.
1/ Heating is a major contributor to the UK's carbon emissions. Without decarbonising heating it is physically impossible to meet the UK's climate targets. assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/61d450eb…
1/ First of all there isn't a good description of what a hydrogen based heat pump is in the paper as they define it. A little digging on the website of Sheffield University where the authors are based reveals this:
1/ ‘Fabric first’ describes an approach to improving the thermal performance of residential buildings by prioritising the improvement of fabric. 
1/ Also in China sales are up.
1/ Here are some real world examples starting with beer brewing.
1/ Electrification is energy efficiency.
1/ Since 01 Oct electricity price cap is 27p/kWh, gas 7p/kWh. I crunched numbers in this thread a few weeks ago. The result is that running costs of heat pumps are lower with an SCoP of >2.9 with those prices compared to a gas boiler at 85% efficiency.
1/ This was my original meta-review for @Joule_CP . It identified 32 independent studies with none of them showing a significant role for hydrogen for heating homes.
1/ The average gas demand in the UK is 12,100 kWh of which 2.4% for cooking. 
1/ Around a third of the world's final energy is consumed directly in buildings, mainly for space heating and hot water, and more than 64 % of this is currently provided by fossil fuels. It is therefore impossible to meet climate goals without decarbonising the buildings sector and especially heating.
1/ As @FrediOtto and her team have shown "every heatwave in the world is now made stronger and more likely to happen because of human-caused climate change".
1/ Of course every single electricity production technology has environmental and social impacts. There is no electricity production technology that has zero impacts.