This one indicates that 7 years of reduced training are not enough to reverse exercise-induced left atrial enlargement in former elite endurance athletes.
- The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term reduced training on the left atrium in elite endurance athletes and to elucidate sex-specific differences in left atrial detraining patterns.
Apr 11 • 8 tweets • 2 min read
This systematic review and meta-analysis finds that advancing age is not concomitant with greater symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD).
- The aim of this paper was to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in older and younger adults.
Apr 6 • 7 tweets • 2 min read
This one found a non-linear association between physical activity and the risk of type 2 diabetes in Korean adults, with the optimal physical activity amount at 1,028 MET-min/week.
- This study investigated the relationship between the type 2 diabetes prevalence and intensity, frequency, and metabolic equivalent of task (MET) score of physical activity in in 2,428,448 participants included in the Korea Community Health Survey.
Apr 5 • 11 tweets • 2 min read
The findings of this one suggest that sarcosthenia, that is, intrinsic muscle weakness, is an effective cause of age-related power declines in addition to sarcopenia and fat accumulation.
- Age-related deterioration in muscle volume, intramuscular fat content and muscle function can be modulated by physical activity.
Mar 30 • 8 tweets • 2 min read
In this one, a “weekend warrior” pattern of physical activity (i.e. concentrated within 1 to 2 days) was associated with a reduced dementia risk, regardless of sedentary behaviour duration.
- This prospective study used data from the UK Biobank cohort, which provided accelerometer-based physical activity data for a full week from February 2013 to December 2015.
Mar 28 • 7 tweets • 2 min read
Here, 8 weeks of assisted-versus regular Nordic Hamstring training led to similar strength gains, but with lower hamstring muscle soreness and perceived exertion.
- The Nordic Hamstring exercise increases hamstring strength, but muscle soreness and excessive fatigue may hinder adoption.
Feb 18 • 10 tweets • 2 min read
Once again supporting the existence of the physical activity paradox, this one found leisure-time physical activity to lower the risk of type 2 diabetes, whereas no beneficial effects were found for occupational physical activity level.
More about the physical activity paradox can be found in my previous posts:
This systematic review and meta-analysis finds that adding omega-3 supplementation to exercise training is likely to augment some effects of exercise training on body composition and cardiometabolic health in adults, although such effects appear to be modest.
- This was a systematic review and meta-analysis that aimed to investigate the effects of combining omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) supplementation with exercise training...
Feb 9 • 9 tweets • 2 min read
In this one, performing muscle-strengthening activity ≤2 times/week jointly with ≥150 minutes/week of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic physical activity was associated with the lowest all-cause and cardiovascular disease risks in adults with diabetes.
- This study aimed to evaluate associations of muscle-strengthening activity with all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality in adults with diabetes, independent of and jointly with moderate-to-vigorous aerobic physical activity.
Feb 8 • 12 tweets • 2 min read
This systematic review and meta-analysis finds that although supersets can provide a time-efficient alternative to traditional resistance training, they generally induce higher internal loads, more severe muscle damage, and increased perceived exertion.
- The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the acute and chronic effects of superset and traditional set prescriptions on mechanical, metabolic, and perceptual variables.
Jan 26 • 11 tweets • 2 min read
In this one, an 8-week training program that was performed at an individualized intensity associated with maximal fat oxidation led to improvements in fat oxidative capacity independent of fed or fasted state.
- The aim of this study was to examine the influence of time-restricted feeding on fat oxidation during exercise, whereby participants performed an 8-week individualized intensity intervention targeting maximal fat oxidation...
Jan 20 • 12 tweets • 2 min read
The findings of this one in mice and humans do not support the involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the potential cognitive benefits of β-OHB supplementation.
- This study conducted parallel human and rodent trials to characterize the effect of exogenous ketone supplementation on indices of brain health.
Jan 17 • 13 tweets • 2 min read
The findings of this one suggest that exercise training, especially high-intensity exercise, may reduce the inflammatory potential of dendritic cells and macrophages.
- Exercising regularly promotes health, but these benefits are complicated by acute inflammation induced by exercise.
Jan 12 • 15 tweets • 3 min read
This one indicates low-carb diets may not impair exercise performance and that minimal carbohydrate supplementation (10g/h) during exercise can eliminate exercise-induced hypoglycemia and improve performance during strenuous time-to-exhaustion (70%⩒O2max) tests.
- Leveraging a randomized crossover design, this study evaluated performance during strenuous time-to-exhaustion (70%⩒O2max) tests in trained triathletes following 6-week high- (380g CHO/day) or low-carbohydrate diets (40g CHO/day) to determine:
Jan 7 • 13 tweets • 2 min read
The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that only 300 MET-minutes per week (half of the WHO's recommended minimum) of low- to moderate-intensity exercise is sufficient to improve frailty in older adults.
- This study explored the dose-response relationship of exercise prescriptions for improving frailty in older adults, based on the 2024 Older Adult Compendium.
Dec 15, 2024 • 15 tweets • 2 min read
This one found that even trained individuals can experience consequential muscle growth and strength adaptations just by maintaining their previous weekly set number above a certain, moderate, weekly set volume threshold, provided a high level of effort is sustained.
- This study investigated the effects of increasing previous resistance training weekly set volume by 30% and 60% on muscle hypertrophy and strength.
Dec 7, 2024 • 11 tweets • 2 min read
Here, a 4-week detraining period decreased the HIIT-induced increase in whole-body oxidative metabolism in insulin-resistant individuals, but this did not affect improvements in hepatic insulin sensitivity, hepatic lipid content, and glycemia.
- The aim of this study was to compare the sustainability of metabolic effects induced by a long-term HIIT intervention between people with different degrees of whοle-body insulin sensitivity and people with overt type 2 diabetes upon detraining.
Aug 29, 2024 • 10 tweets • 2 min read
Here, short, moderate-to-high-intensity exercises multiple times throughout the day showed greater excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) compared with continuous exercise and interval exercise, in which energy expenditure was homogenized, in healthy women.
- This crossover, randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) for different exercise modalities...
Jul 23, 2024 • 17 tweets • 2 min read
This one finds that long duration walking can induce small increases in IL-6 secretion at walking durations that were habitual on a nearly daily basis throughout the course of human evolution.
- This study aimed to examine whether IL-6 release occurs during evolutionarily normal physical activity contexts like long distance walking.
Jul 22, 2024 • 7 tweets • 2 min read
This systematic review finds that the literature overall suggests that muscle volume is a major determinant of sprint cycling performance.
- This systematic review aimed to discern the relationships between muscle morphology, architecture, and quality with sprint cycling performance.
Jun 23, 2024 • 7 tweets • 1 min read
This one found that, irrespective of intensity, longer duration of physical activity to be associated with a lower risk of all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality, without minimal or maximal threshold adults with type 2 diabetes.
- This study performed a prospective cohort study of 19,624 individuals with type 2 diabetes from the UK Biobank with a median follow-up of 6.9 years.