@gnievchenko @cityatlas @SeanCasten @JustinHGillis @nworbmot One might have thought so, but doing the numbers in UK context shows we can't. Enough insulation to make hp work well is prohibitively expensive, equiv. to demolish, rebuild. @gnievchenko @cityatlas @SeanCasten @JustinHGillis @nworbmot Says ETI report, part of their SmartSytems for Heat programme.

Tell me I'm wrong and this gov. proposal is not for £2.2b on biomethane and £0.1b on heat pumps - please ?assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/upl… and yet the biomethane is nearly 3x as expensive per t CO2 saved than the heat pumps (67 v. 25 £/tCO2e) - p20. Justified by uncountable "wider benefits". And the ammonia/fertiliser benefit *is included* in that 67 £/tCO2e.
..and they are still using the landfill counterfactual!

1/ The 2018 Bioenergy Review is the most complete, authoritative review of policy and technology options for the UK since the government 2012 bioenergy strategy. It is dense, detailed and very well-worth studying in depth. theccc.org.uk/wp-content/upl… 2/ The primary conclusion for most people will be that all types of bioenergy can provide *at most* 15% of UK energy demand in 2050. This is authoritative: from the UK government Committee of Climate Change.

1/ For AD biogas, grid injection looks best today. For AD or LF biogas far from gas pipes, gas boilers for heat and power iff that replaces fossil fuel. 2/ Seriously "distant" biogas could be upgraded and liquefied to bioLNG and trucked wherever.