🔮 Introduction to Leaky Gut : DEVELOPMENT and HEALING

Alright,

Now that we understand the biochemical mechanisms that award the barrier property to our intestines and which their dysfunction allows a Leaky Gut to take place; The 4 Layers…

How do we actually heal this condition? What’s the cure to a Leaky Gut? Where does one starts?

That’s exactly what this poast will cover;

We’ll review what leads to The 4 Layers failing to fulfill their barrier function & what a Leaky Gut healing plan looks like; what nutrients & objectives you should focus on.

Lets fookin GO brevs

❇️ Leaky Gut: Timeline of Events

So,

As you could infer from reading the past poast, the primary objective of IAP, The Mucous Layer and Intestinal AMPs is simple:

To protect The Epithelium from ANY kind of contact with Luminal content; be it with the microbiome, food “debris”, feces—ZERO contact must be had between our Intestinal Epithelium & Luminal Content. Zero.

But, why? What is the consequence of such contact? Well you see, when those 3 layers fail, when such contact happens…

The protein Zonulin is released by our Intestinal Epithelial Cells (IECs), and this is one event that every single Leaky Gut patient has in common—every and each intestinal tract of such patients experienced a major Zonulin release at one point, which eventually lead to them dealing with chronically high Zonulin levels, moar on this below.

But, que carajos is a “Zonulin”? Why is it so related with a Leaky Gut?

You see…

Zonulin is THE major protein that directly regulates the barrier function of our GI Tract and most of human epithelia, and is released by stimulus to the Chemokine Receptor Type 3 (CXCR-3) in an epithelial cell.

Now, once it’s released, it binds to the IEC’s Protease Activated Receptor 2 (PAR2), such binding allows Zonulin to stimulate the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR).

And this, is what actually causes Intestinal Permeability in a Leaky Gut.

❗️ Such stimulus leads to the displacement of the 4 Cell-Cell Junction Proteins (CCJPs, reviewed in last poast) from the Cell-Cell Junction Zone.

The CCJPs, specially the Tight & Adherens Junction Proteins, are pulled from their place & thus, they allow paracellular passage of luminal content, after all… there’s nothing keeping the Intestinal Epithelium sealed anymore. The physical barrier property its gone.

This is how Intestinal Permeability begins.

So, now that we understand the basics of Zonulin & the direct dynamics behind Leaky Gut induction, we have to remember that,

The only way Zonulin could be released, and thus, the only way a Leaky gut can take place?

Is by Luminal Content—Epithelium contact. When The 4 Layers fail—specifically…

When IAP, the Mucous Layer & Intestinal AMPs’s secretions can not handle the microbial/pathogenic load, and pathogenic, opportunistic microbes start degrading the mucous layer to the point where they get in contact with the epithelium—after all, MUC release can’t keep up with the degradation as its dysfunctional.

Such contact results in microbes, LPS, Gluten’s Gliadin Protein binding to & stimulating CXCR-3, allowing it to harnesses the adapter molecule Myd88, which then promotes Zonulin’s gene (HP2) expression so Zonulin can be synthesized and then released.

*Zonulin will be explained in depth in a future post.

❇️ Leaky Gut: Alternative Dynamics

Now,

That was a brief overview of the most common way of what leads to the hallmark events, involved in causing a Leaky Gut, taking place; Luminal-Epithelium Contact, Zonulin Release and CCJPs displacement, and definitely,

IAP, Mucosal Layer & AMPs Failure.

But that’s the most common way, “Conventional Leaky Gut”. After all,

Beyond impaired anti-microbial mechanisms, there are a couple different ways of how the key feature to induce a leaky gut (Luminal content-Epithelium contact) can take place:

• Dysfunctional Bile Metabolism 🧈 leading to excess Bile Acid production and secretion, thus, inducing Diarrhea, which wipes The Mucous Layer thus allowing Luminal-Epithelium Contact.

• Genetic Polymorphisms 🧬 impairing Mucosal Layer dynamics, which makes easier the degradation of The Mucous Layer thus allowing Luminal-Epithelium Contact.

• NSAIDs-induced Mucosal Injury 💊, damaging The Mucous Layer thus allowing Luminal-Epithelium Contact.

• Gastrointestinal REDOX Disruption 💥, creating inflammation on the intestinal environment & thus in the mucous layer, making its degradation easier thus allowing Luminal-Epithelium Contact.

List goes on. So, if you’re dealing with a Leaky Gut?

You have to analyze your symptoms in chronological order, your own timeline of events that has lead you to such current condition, in order to identify what was/is that factor that allowed Luminal-Epithelium contact in the first place.

Once you discover such factor(s), you have to design & implement an individualized protocol that FIXES the reason why such factors were able to take place in the first place.

But in my experience, more often than not, if you’re dealing with a Leaky Gut, eventually IAP, AMPs & Mucous Layer had to fail, regardless if, for example, impaired Bile Metabolism was what allowed Luminal-Epithelium Contact in the first place.

Think about it.

At one point IAP/MUCs/AMPs couldn’t fulfill the demand to keep the Intestines clean, and allowed the exacerbation of the respective GI issues in the first place, so it doesn’t matter “which kind of Leaky Gut” you got,

You still have to focus on The 4 Layers to restore the Gastrontestinal environment, AND thanks to such restoration, since these mechanisms that protect it are working efficiently now, the GI Tract will remain safe from stressors & there’ll be no relapse.

So,

How do you do that?

❇️ Leaky Gut: GAME-PLAN

Now, before we talk about the specific steps to take,

As you just read, there’s not only one single cure for Leaky Gut; as the dysfunctional biochemical mechanisms leading to one patient’s GI Tract being permeable could very well be totally different from the next patient.

For that reason, as much as I would love to give ONE full Game-Plan for everyone that is suffering from Leaky Gut, I cannot do that—not only due to what was just mentioned, but, which is more, it would be wrong to give false hope with a Game-Plan which doesn’t takes into account the patient’s own health history.

However, as stated in the final part of the last section,

There are a couple intestinal biochemical mechanisms which their dysfunction is a distinctive feature of any Leaky Gut: IAP, AMPs & The Mucous Layer.

And other mechanisms involved in digestion which their enhancement leads to not only a better, efficient-er digestive system as a whole, but to accelerated Leaky Gut healing.

Classified, those are:

💠 The primary one, as you could infer from a list above, is The Mucous Layer

It is THE physical barrier that protects the epithelium—there’s no way any kind of epithelial damage, thus any Luminal Content-Epithelium contact can take place if The Mucous Layer is in perfect status, its degradation has to happen for a Leaky Gut to be induced, no way around it.

💠 Secondary ones are IAP, Intestinal AMPs, The Migrating Motor Complex & Bile Metabolism.

These are the major anti-microbial mechanisms in the intestines; the first two are direct while the last two (which will be reviewed in separate poasts) are indirect. Having these working efficiently ensures that the GI Tract becomes a nightmarish environment for Pathogenic/Microbial overgrowth.

So, thanks to such properties, Pathogens are unable to even get in contact with the mucous layer in the first place (as they’ll get absolutely annihilated), and IF they do, at the end of the day, they would still have to degrade the mucous layer to get in contact with the epithelium, which would alert IAP & AMPs enough to mount a potent response against them, effectively getting rid of any stealthy pathogen before it even manages to make real damage to the MUCs.

That’s why these are secondary mechanisms, because in one way or another they make Mucosal Layer contact with Pathogens & thus it’s degradation harder; they make a distinctive, hallmark event for Leaky Gut induction absurdly harder to take place.

💠 Tertiary ones are Stomach Acid & Digestive Enzyme Dynamics.

AKA the mechanisms involved in digestion. Efficient Stomach Acid production is anti-microbial per se to an extent, but these two, by promoting proper digestion, ensure that food debris are minimal for pathogenic species to feed off & grow. And overall, they’re as crucial as the aforestated mechanisms for keeping Gastrointestinal Homeostasis.

*Not mentioning REDOX, Gut Microbiome, Le serotonin, Histamine or similar, as the poor status of these kind of factors is a consequence from dysfunction in the aforementioned biochemical mechanisms. More on this below.

Thanks to this classification, we are now able to create the most efficient Game-Plan for a CONVENTIONAL CONVENTIONAL CONVENTIONAL leaky gut—we now KNOW what to target, what to address. If we fix such mechanisms, if we allow the intestinal environment to have homeostasis yet again, there’s no way we can’t heal.

Now then,

For these mechanisms?

✳️ I do can give you a game-plan. This is not medical advice this is BASED advice, lets roll:

What you should focus on, in a condition like Leaky Gut where there are so many variables playing to promote Intestinal Epithelium Permeability, is to:

🔑 Provide the Raw Materials the biochemical pathways responsible for keeping GastroIntestinal Homeostasis NEED, REQUIRE to work in the first place, to fulfill their own objectives.

With a major focus on YOUR major dysfunctional biochemical pathways; you’ll identify it according to your symptoms, as mentioned in the last section’s final point.

Btw,
By raw materials we’re talking about Vitamins, Minerals, Amino/Fatty Acids, and certain endogenously produced compounds like Biopterin, Acetylcholine, Phosphatidylcholine, Glutathione, S-Adenosyl-Methionine (SAMe), list goes on.

Now,

As established above, the primary focus no matter your health history or what kind of Leaky Gut you have is to address the Mucous Layer, to provide it with the raw materials it needs.

To allow it to be repaired, restored & rehydrated after all the damage/degradation it has gone through. This will resolve the major piece of the puzzle here: Luminal content-Epithelium contact.

On the meanwhile, you should also start providing the raw materials for the Anti-Microbial Mechanisms.

Overall, here’s where you start—you have to fix AND optimize status of:

• Glycine & Taurine (2:1 Ratio)

• Vitamin C (According to your case, fruit maxxing or whole food Vit. C supplement, Ideal Infusion’s is a good one)

• Magnesium (Sucrosomial Magnesium and/or Magnesium Chloride & Topical Magnesium)

• Electrolyte Repletion (Salt, and according to your case, Electrolyte rich foods like Coconut Water or a proper Electrolyte Powder)

After a month & a half getting such fundamental nutrients right,

• Vitamin B1 (Either Deer/Venison meat maxxing, or a B1 supplement chosen according to your own case, can’t give one here without reviewing that)

• Vitamin D (Sunlight has to be the go-to here, but if for X or Y health/location related reason you can’t get proper sunlight, you should choose another Vit. D source according to your case)

And here comes the finale & the magic part, you HAVE to get in check THESE nutrients in THIS order:

• Iodine
• Selenium
• Molybdenum
• Vitamin B2
• Vitamin B6
• Vitamin B9 & B12 at the same time.

Now,

I can not give major/specific dietary & lifestyle changes without knowing your own personal case, I can not instruct you which foods specifically to eat, or, how (even if) your lifestyle should change for you to heal.

So beyond the basics—animal based diet, saturated fats as cooking oils, organic, sunlight exposure, exercise, proper sleep, be in a clean environment with fresh air (just go outside), blue light protection—I cannot instruct you anything as such changes are completely dependent on the individual.

Same thing happens with certain Vitamins & Minerals that weren’t mentioned, at the end I talk about this so keep reading brevs 🥂

Now, on the other hand,

The aforestated nutrients were specified due to a simple fact:

Us, as humans, we ALL need the same nutrients. We all need, for example, Vitamin C for a healthy immune system, Zinc for Digestive Enzyme production, Electrolytes for hydration, Cocaine for energy 💯, and so on.

Of course, we all need different sources & dosages for such nutrients according to our current health status & history, but point remains—and in this case, several distinctive events need to happen in order for Leaky Gut to even take place, which highlights that dysfunction in specific biochemical pathways MUST be present to allow this disease to develop no matter the individual’s case, as reviewed already.

Thus,

In order to heal such dysfunctional biochemical mechanisms, we will need the listed nutrients. After all, they serve the same purpose in all of us, in our GI Tract—such purposes are…

• Vitamin C 🍓

This vitamin is imperative to keep our Gastrointestinal environment free of high counterproductive inflammation, as it supports our Intestinal REDOX Status, you see…

Free Metals like Iron or Copper in their free forms possess a high oxidation number which gives them major inflammatory properties. But, which is even worse, these kind of metals promote the survival & virulence of pathogenic species; after all, pathogenic species can “feed off” them AND an inflammatory/poor REDOX intestinal environment is a cozier environment for such opportunistic species to grow; both scenarios facilitate their multiplication.

However,

The Mucous Layer’s MUCs are able to manage such “inflammatory” metals and target a major mechanism for pathogenic growth thanks to Mucin2 (MUC2),

This Mucin son of a IEC, thanks to its congregation of the amino acids Histidine & Methionine in a fragment of MUC2’s N/Amino-Terminal sequence; the von Willebrand D1 Region (vWD1), is able to bind to such free metals—once that happens, MUC2 harnesses Vitamin C to REDUCE such metals.

For example, thanks to Histidine, MUC2 has the property to “grab/collect” the most common dietary form of Copper, Cu2+, and with Vitamin C, neutralize its noxious effects by reducing it to Cu1+, which thanks to MUC2’s Methionine, can now be transported to the main IEC’s Transmembrane Copper Transporter, Ctr1, for its absorption as a dietary nutrient.

Thanks to such properties & to vWD1, MUC2 can also regulate this reduced form of Copper’s transport to the commensal microbiome (to feed them!), AND in general, it helps us deprive pathogenic species from Copper.

But the important effect here, is that Copper now’s unable to catalyze the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species as it has been reduced to a stabilized form—it’s now unable for such metal to disrupt Intestinal Inflammation levels by altering our REDOX status.

So Vitamin C & MUCs, together, are able to remove a crucial component for Pathogenic Growth, and promote a cleaner environment for our Gastrointestinal Tract—making it a key component of any protocol targeting this tract.

• Glycine & Taurine 💎

So, once Cholesterol has been converted into Cholic Acid thanks to Vitamin C & D, it gets conjugated with Glycine & Taurine into Glycocholic or Taurocholic Acid, respectively—without these two amino acids, those two acids can not come to life.

And such acids, are our body’s primary Bile Acids—they’re the active component in the Bile Substance. Thus, without proper Glycine & Taurine status, the small intestine’s anti-microbial substance can not be produced efficiently, as well without Vitamin C & D.

Now,

Imagine Bile was a sludge, mud-like substance. Could it flow, and carry its job throughout the Small Intestine? Absolutely not! It has to flow throughout the whole small intestinal tract in order to CLEAN IT as much as it is possible!

So Bile can not be a sludge, mud-like substance—this is exactly why such conjugation with Glycine/Taurine happens. These two aminos confer the Bile substance a crucial property; water solubility, as they possess a single hydrogen in their side chain.

Such Hydrogen can connect & attract Oxygen molecules; it can create Hydrogen Bonds. This allows the Bile substance to “connect with” H2Os, allowing it to flow through water instead of acting like sludge.

So,

Addressing Glycine & Taurine levels is a fundamental step in order to allow our liver to possess enough raw materials to produce Bile, and to confer protection to the Small Intestine’s environment from ANY kind of microbial overgrowth, and thus, to avoid a major future trigger for Leaky Gut.






• Electrolytes & Magnesium 🌊

Alright, these two act as a supporting yet imperative nutrients rather than direct healers of the GI Tract, for example:

Electrolytes (mainly potassium) are needed for proper production of Stomach Acid, Pancreatic Juices (digestive enzymes), Bile (as a whole, as a substance) & efficient promotion of Peristalsis.

While Magnesium will allow one of the most fundamental processes of our biology to be carried out as it was meant to: Cellular Respiration.

1.) Glycolysis - 5 of 10 enzymes here are magnesium dependent.

- Hexokinase
- Phosphofructokinase
- Aldolase
- Phosphoglycerate kinase,
- Pyruvate kinase

If these enzymes don’t possess enough Magnesium to carry out the job of converting Glucose into Pyruvate, much less pyruvate will be produced and thus…

2.) Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA

This second step won’t be able to even be carried out as “much” as it could have, and here magnesium is involved as well, as the enzymes in the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDC) require Magnesium to an extent to carry out their job as well.

3.) Krebs Cycle

So, if the second step, if Acetyl-CoA production is inefficient, much less “Krebs cycles” can take place, as Acetyl-CoA is the very first molecule involved in this cycle, thus less Acetyl-CoAs means less possible Krebs Cycles to be started.

Now, Magnesium is needed by the enzymes Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (conversion of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate) and 2-Oxoglutarate Dehydrogenase (OGDH, converts 2-oxoglutarate → Succinyl-CoA) to function properly as well, and these two?

Are rate-limiting enzyme: the activity of these enzymes determines the activity of the following enzymes, thus of the whole Krebs cycle. So without Magnesium, the whole Krebs cycle will be inefficient in gathering electrons for the very last step:

4.) Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Lastly, Magnesium is also needed by the ETC. So, to summarize; in the ETC, we can find four complexes that electrons have to cross, complex by complex. These movements by the electrons "pump" protons towards the final step of the ETC, the F0/F1 ATP synthase—considered a fifth complex.

Now, this F0/F1 ATP synthase is where the energy of ALL the collected electrons in the past steps of Cellular Respiration is actually released, after all this synthase converts the collected protons into ATP—but to do this, it needs Magnesium!

So,

The entirety of the biochemical pathway that converts what we eat into energy, into an actual resource in our body requires Magnesium. Simple as.

Thus,

Getting Electrolytes & Magnesium in check will provide a “backbone” for essentially every major biochemical process going on in our body, making them imperative to keep in check while you’re healing from any disease; while you’re healing dysfunctional biochemical pathways.

• Vitamin B1 🦾

Now, B1 is also critically related to Cellular Respiration as well, mainly by promoting proper shuttle from Glycolisys to the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, and by working together with Magnesium (and couple other nutrients) to allow proper Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA conversion,

However,

That isn’t the main reason we’re looking to address its status in Leaky Gut,

You see…

B1 is of cardinal importance to create Acetylcholine (ACh), not only by allowing efficient Acetyl CoA production but by promoting activity of the Choline AcetylTransferase enzyme; which catalyzes Acetyl CoA’s fusion with Choline—its the responsible enzyme for Ash’s production!

But why do we care about ACh in Leaky Gut? Well its simple really:

ACh allows proper Mucin Secretion!

So, ACh, via stumiliting the Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor (mAChR) subtype M1, induces an intracellular Calcium increase in Goblet Cells which allows them to expel with SPEED the MUCs onto the Mucous Layer.

By such “simple” yet paramount effect on the Mucous Layer’s Dynamics you can realize just how KRVCIAL Acetylcholine is to heal a Leaky Gut—it ALLOWS, it is NEEDED it is REQUIRED for MUCs release into the Mucous Layer, it regulates what allows a Mucous Layer to exist in the first place! MUC Secretion!

Without proper ACh status, thus, there’s no way the Mucous Layer can heal at an accelerated & efficient pace after its degradation.

There are several other effects ACh has on our Mucosal Layer, after all, it is known that the M3 & M4 receptors are abundantly found in our Goblet Cells—from proper production specifically of MUC2, to a surprisingly specific & effective anti-microbial method, the Goblet cell-associated Antigen Passage (GAP) formation are some of the other effects ACh has.

Now, this GAP is imperative to mount a proper immune response against a Gastrointestinal pathogen, you see…

Thanks to GAP, luminal substances/components can be delivered to the Immune Cell subtype known as Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs)—in this case they’re found below the Epithelial Lining; in the Lamina Propia, that’s why GAP is needed.

So,

These APCs include the Dendritic Cells, Macrophages & B Cells, which, once they grab such luminal substances thanks to GAPs, they present such Antigens, such substances to neighboring naive T Cells, with the purpose to allow an Immune response be mounted if deemed necessary, as the specific type of substance will play the major role in determining the “kind of T cell” the naive T cells will differentiate into.

*These effects are mainly carried out by the M4 in the Small Intestine & by M3 in the Large Intestine.

The importance of this kind of effect by ACh, of the GAPs can not be stressed enough—this ALLOWS a proper Anti-Microbial response against a potential pathogen, this IS the first step of how our Intestinal Tract defends against an aggressor. This is how we stop the first step a Pathogen takes in his goal of reaching the epithelium.

And it’s dependent on Acetylcholine. The “quality” of the GAP formation will play a major role in determining the results of a potential pathogenic invasion.

While we’re at it,

Intestinal AMPs secretion is also triggered by ACh in the same mechanism as MUCs secretion is triggered; via an intracellular increase in Calcium, Intestinal AMPs-containing vesicles are expelled to the lumen, all thanks to Acetylcholine’s stimulus on the Paneth Cells’s mAChRs.

Now,

There are several other effects ACh has on our GI Tract, but keep this in mind:

It is of cardinal importance to address this neurotransmitter in ANY kind of Gastrointestinal Problem, because it not only regulates the Intestinal Mucous Layer & AMPs…

• Migrating Motor Complex
• Bile Metabolism
• Cell-Cell Junction Dynamics themselves!
• Inflammatory Cytokine Regulation
• Eosinophil Degranulation specially
• IECs Regeneration

All these mechanisms, in our GI Tract, are regulated by Acetylcholine (to an extent of course there are several other factors playing but you get the idea ACh is a major player in such mechanisms alright brevs)

Overall, the importance of ACh in the maintenance of The Intestinal Barrier & its layers is critical—in this case we reviewed that, by allowing efficient Mucous Layer dynamics, Anti-Microbial responses (GAPs) & Intestinal AMPs secretion, ACh is a key fundamental player in the prevention of MUCs degradation & Luminal Content-Epithelium Contact.

Now, onto the next nutrient.

• Vitamin D ☀️

So,

Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase production is enhanced by Vitamin D via an increase in expression of IAP’s gene; ALPI. Simple as.

And it has been proposed that Vitamin MOTHERFUCKING D can even regulate IAP’s activity itself, as deficient diets in Vit. D result in decreased IAP activity (despite its levels) in mice, so we can’t really assume anything else here—overall there’s little information about which specific Vitamins/Minerals are required for proper IAP dynamics, but Zinc, Vitamin K & on another hand, the SCFAs Butyrate Propionate & Acetate coming from an Eubiotic Microbiome, have been proposed as the major regulators for IAP function, alongside Vitamin D.

In my experience, Vitamin C particularly improves Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis cases really well, so I am inclined to believe that this vitamin could have an impact on IAP’s dynamics as well, but there’s no le epic scientific evidence detailing any kind of Vitamin C-IAP interactions.

Now, beyond Vitamin D’s role in IAP,

Vitamin D has an indirect effect on Intestinal Homeostasis & Leaky Gut via allowing the immune system to regulate itself, and not tap into an inflammatory frenzy mode where it secretes moar pro-inflammatory cytokines than necessary to terminate the stressor leading to a counterproductive response where there’s excess inflammation damaging the own host.

This vitamin achieves such immunomodulation in a myriad of ways, which will be described in their own post, but the major one? T-Regulatory Cell modulation.

Through a variety of immunosuppressive mechanisms, TREGs are able to control the whole T Cell & most of the immune system’s (inflammatory) response to a pathogen/injury; they only allow the necessary & efficient amount of inflammation to take place so the aggresor is terminated, and once that happens, they shut off such major response, ensuring rapid resolution of inflammation.

TREGs regulatory power, their ability to put brakes on the immune system prevents them to tap into the inflammatory frenzy mode that characterizes certain illnesses: Arthritis, Long Covid, Cardiovascular diseases, etc.

And Vitamin D allows them to carry out such “brakes” function by enhancing their release of anti-inflammatory regulatory cytokines & promoting naive T cell differentiation into TREGs, allowing TREGs to be produced as they’re needed—not “boosting” their levels, no, allowing them to be produced. Vitamin D is needed, is required for that.

These immonomodulatory effects of Vitamin D, and a myriad of others it has like promoting balance of T Helper Cells & M1/M2 macrophages, will be a major key of the puzzle to bring intestinal inflammation levels down to their baseline status, AND to allow the immune system to handle any stressor efficiently & terminate it—these effects, once achieved, will not only restore intestinal environment’s homeostasis, but will allow the mucous layer to heal faster as there’s no inflammation holding it back & damaging it anymore,

Thus,

The perturbed Cell-Cell Junctions & IECs will be able now to be sealed, to be healed.

Vitamin C & Zinc also help Vitamin D restore the Intestinal Homeostasis in the exact same way, via immunomodulation. However, Vitamin FUCKING D’s impact is more pronounced, thus the highlight.

*These Vitamin D’s immunodulatory properties, and several other factors that are being/will be described in this post, like The Mucous Layer & Cell-Cell Junction Dynamics have been explained in depth, on my Patreon.

• The Final Nutrients

Alright, while each one of these 7 nutrients has remarkable effects on GastroIntestinal Homeostasis as a whole,

The main reason we’re looking to get such 7 nutrients in check, AND in that specific order,

Is to address the Methylation Cycle. First of all,

By achieving that, we’ll get proper dynamics of:

• Serotonin
• Histamine
• Phosphatidylcholine (Its THE Raw Material for Bile Production, its where all Bile Acids stem from)
• Autophagy
• Homocysteine
• Our Cells’s Cell Cycle

All these aspects are of paramount importance to be efficient in order to heal any kind of Gastrointestinal Condition, and which is more, to have health as a whole.

Histamine & Serotonin are the first neurotransmitters after ACh to be dysregulated in an unhealthy GI Tract, which makes them exacerbate whatever condition is being dealt with, they are not these LE BAD NEUROTOXINS!!! per se, only in ill-conditions where their status is exaggerated, is when they become a problem.

In this case, it has been proven that, and I’m quoting here, “Loss of SERT affected the integrity and functionality of the intestinal barrier, by decreasing Muc1 and 2 gene expression, TJ proteins, and antimicrobial defense in the small intestine.” (PMID 37246491).

SERT is the Serotonin Reuptake Transporter—decreased levels will result in an exceedingly high availability of Serotonin as there’s no one promoting, well, its reuptake.

Such kind of disruption in Serotonin dynamics are seen on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, like Crohn’s, where E. Coli’s LPS stimulation on healthy IECs didn’t cause an increase in Serotonin—BUT they did on Crohn’s IECs. A similar thing happens in Stomach conditions, where Helicobacter Pylori is able to release higher Histamine levels—if you got H. Pylori on the first place that means that Mucosal & Stomach Acid health was compromised to begin with; you have to focus on restoring Acetylcholine status first (an example of this below) to start healing.

So,

These neurotransmitters will never be an issue themselves (only if you don’t have a polymorphism in genes related to their dynamics), they are a CONSEQUENCE of an unhealthy GI Tract AND, which is ignored more often than not, of inefficient Methylation dynamics AND optimum status of the established nutrients, specially B2, as the MAOA & MAOB enzymes depend on it to degrade Serotonin.

However, such degradation also requires optimum Glutathione dynamics (which depend on Methylation, B6, B2, Magnesium, Glycine—the nutrients we’ve established) as the degradation process releases as by-product H2O2 (le epic hydrogen peroxide), which requires immediate targeting to neutralize it & remove its noxious properties before they damage us.

While the HNMT enzyme, Histamine N-Methyl Transferase, depends on efficient SAMe production (produced in Methylation thanks to Methyl B9 & B12, fucked production with poor Methylation), as it transfers the Methyl group of SAMe, who would’ve thought, to Histamine to convert it into an inactive metabolite; N-Methyl-Histamine—which is ripped off its noxious properties and is easier to excrete as well.

Thus,

Fucked Methylation dynamics AND poor status of The Final Nutrients will lead to an exacerbation of the ALREADY DISTURBED dynamics of Serotonin & Histamine in a Inflammatory Bowel Disease/Leaky Gut patient, making the whole condition even worse.

Now,

Phosphatidylcholine is required for proper Bile Dynamics, its production thanks to the PEMT enzyme which is SAMe dependent, requires A LOT of SAMe to work, so,

A disruption in Bile Metabolism will be seen early once Methylation’s dynamics have been compromised—I experienced this myself. This will result in reeaaally compromised Bile production, as Bile itself the substance should be a 10:1 ratio of Phosphatidylcholine to Cholesterol.

When this ratio is impaired, Gallstones become moar and moar probable, so keeping Phosphatidylcholine’s production flowing is a cute idea if you don’t want le epic gallstones.

Finally, on Homocysteine:

This son of a bitch stupid fuck creates abhorrent amounts of inflammation anywhere it goes, in the GI Tract it would absolutely skullfuck Mucosal Layer dynamics straight up by altering REDOX & Inflammatory responses for worse, by creating an Oxidative Stress environment.

With efficient Methylation dynamics, Homocysteine is recycled into SAMe thanks to Methyl B9 & B12 (and Zinc to an extent), and once SAMe has been used, it gets converted into Homocysteine & the cycle has to continue in order to avoid accumulation of this inflammatory molecule seriously why would it do that is it stupid

Autophagy & The Cell Cycle will be explained in depth in a separate post 👍👍👍

🍱 DIET

Now, as I said I won’t give major dietary suggestions, but there are 2 small suggestions that anyone dealing with a Leaky Gut can benefit from WHILE ADDRESSING THE AFOREMENTIONED NUTRIENTS,

First one is simple.

ZERO snacking, 3 hours between meals MINIMUM. This will allow the Migrating Motor Complex to act efficiently.

Search in my profile the terms “MMC” or “Migrating Motor Complex” for more on this.

Now, the second one, the one I really wanted to highlight,

Try implementing dietary fiber & probiotics ONCE you reached Vitamin B1 & D, AND (very important “and”), once your symptoms have been improved to the point where they’re not compromising your life’s quality anymore.

Alright so,

In most cases, at that point which as mentioned takes 1 month & a half to reach if you’re doing things right & approaching your condition with the established mindset (fixing le biochemical mechanisms),

Your Gastrointestinal environment would have to be much better; lower & managed inflammation, Mucous Layer starting to heal faster, better anti-microbial mechanisms and so on,

This will allow you to re-introduce certain foods (SLOWLY) that you couldn’t tolerate BUT that are ideal to consume in order to promote health in our body.

In the case of Fiber & Probiotic Foods, we’re looking to address a critical factor in overall human health, The Gut Microbiota—Fiber acts as a food source for commensal microbes, in turn, they release SCFAs which further promote faster healing of the dysfunctional mechanisms in a leaky gut, specially of IAP & The Mucous Layer. Probiotics as a source of live commensal microbes to repopulate the microbiome with such kind of species faster.

So,

With these two we will promote EVEN BETTER dynamics of ALL 4 Layers of The Intestinal Barrier; IAP, Mucosal Layer, Epithelium & AMPs. Specially to the mucous layer, as dysbiosis, a larger amount of pathogenic/opportunistic microbes means DANGER to the MUCs, as it has been already established, they degrade it to open their way to the epithelium.

An Eubiotic Micriobiota not only fixes that as commensal microbes don’t do that, but also promotes even better MUC secretion & maintenance, as well as conferring protection against pathogenic species trying to inhabit the luminal or mucosal microbiota itself.

They also promote much better Acetylcholine status, better digestion & lower+regulated inflammatory responses from our immune system. Overall it’s imperative to make the microbiome eubiotic again in ANY Gastrointestinal condition.

The Microbiota’s full impact on this condition, on Leaky Gut, will be reviewed in detail in a future post.

❇️ CONCLUSION

Now, I have to tell you,

I do not guarantee healing if you follow such game-plan; if you get such nutrients in check.

Major improvement will be seen, that’s certain, but FULL healing will require more. You see…

The whole focus of this game-plan is simple, to fix the dysfunctional biochemical pathways that lead to Leaky Gut, that created an intestinal environment where luminal content-epithelium contact could happen, right,

And while I guarantee that you will heal if such mechanisms are repaired?

It is a possibility that just getting the aforestated nutrients in check won’t fix them entirely. Let me explain:

In chronic cases, and I’m talking 4-5 years long MINIMUM, but generally I’m referring to +10 years-long cases, getting such fundamental nutrients in check will bring great progress, but in my experience, they do not bring the full healing—the dysfunctional biochemical pathways in the patient have been disturbed for so LONG that not even providing them with their required raw materials allows them to work efficiently again.

There’s improvement, but not full healing.

At that point, what you should do is to implement OPTIMIZATION type of strategies that IMPROVE YOUR most dysfunctional/relevant biochemical pathways in your condition, and this applies to any disease.

Here we’re talking about strategies like:

• EGCG
• Akkermansia Muciniphila Supp.
• Sodium Butyrate
• Quercetin
• Curcumin without Piperine
• TUDCA
• CDP Choline
• High(er) Fiber & Saturated Fat Consumption

There other strategies that while they fall in the same “OPTIMIZATION” category, they do not improve the compromised pathways, rather, they indirectly help them in their function, like Le epic Raw Carrot, which targets LPS (AKA endotoxin) thus helping compensate for inefficient IAP dynamics—but not improving it per se.

🧿 Introduction to LEAKY GUT : DYNAMICS

This condition’s hallmark characteristic is increased Intestinal Epithelial Permeability. However,

This may lead you to believe that solely targeting such tissue with strategies like Glutamine will lead to Leaky Gut healing.

And while it certainly can help?

It won’t suffice. You see…

Epithelial permeability is only one dysfunctional intestinal mechanism that allows for a LkGt to take place. After all,

Contrary to what most think, the “barrier” property of our intestines?

It’s not solely awarded by its Epithelium brev.

Which, at its core, it’s only a physical barrier with no specialized anti-microbial properties PER SE. But, which is more,

It is known that the epithelium should NOT be in direct contact with microbial species (moar on this later)—so if it CAN’T fight/repel them directly?

That means that there HAS to be other mechanisms in the intestinal tract helping the epithelium to keep it safe, clean, and thus, impermeable.

These mechanisms are:

•Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase
•The Mucous Layer
•The Epithelium
•Intestinal AMPs (Anti-Microbial Peptides)

Together, they conform The 4 Layers of the Intestinal Barrier, and they work with each other to maintain not only the intestines impermeable, but the microbiome eubiotic & the Intestinal REDOX balanced—and definitely, to award the barrier property to our intestinal tract.

But if they’re dysfunctional? It becomes a matter of time for a LkGt to take place no cap 💯

So,

How do they achieve this?

In this poast we’ll go over a brief overview of The 4 Layers & the main way they contribute to maintain the intestinal barrier & it’s impermeability 💯

Let’s fucking GO

❇️ Intestinal ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE

A common pathogenic method of igniting intestinal inflammation is through stimulating the Toll Like Receptor-4 (TLR-4) of Intestinal Epithelial Cells (IECs) with a Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a glycolipid found on several pathogens’s membranes. However,

LPS can only cause such TLR-4 stimulation thanks to its “Lipid A”, which is the actual fragment of LPS that binds to & stimulates TLR-4.

It is what awards LPS most of its noxious properties.

Now, this Lipid A is so responsible for such properties that a 100-fold reduction is seen in TLR-4 stimulation by LPS if one of the two Lipid A’s phosphate groups is removed.

So targeting Lipid A & dephosphorylating it is of cardinal importance to maintain a healthy intestinal environment, and that’s exactly what IAP, the first layer of the intestinal barrier does:

IAP detaches one of the two phosphates of LPS’s Lipid A, making it unable to carry out its filthy pathogenic effects via TLR-4 ✂️

It makes only sense for IAP to target such lipid. It is behind most of LPS’s toxic properties, after all.

So,

Removing such phosphate from a pathogen’s LPS makes them easier to flush away and/or terminate, impeding them not only to ignite inflammation but to get to the second layer of our intestinal barrier, and that is…

❇️ The MUCOUS Layer

Alright so the main component of this layer are Mucins (MUCs)—glycosylated proteins that give the mucous layer gel-like & anti-pathogenic properties while still allowing harboring of commensal microbes.

Now, there are two major types of MUCs:

Transmembrane MUCs (TMMs) which allow microbial-host cells interactions, and Gel Forming MUCs (GFMs) which create gel-like substances, thus creating the actual gel layer.

And once secreted, they form two structured mucous layers: the outer and inner layer.

The outer layer is exposed to the lumen, and it harbors most of the microbiome,

While the inner is in direct contact with the epithelium, protecting it of ANY contact with luminal content, with nutrients & similar molecules as an exception.

Aaand that's how the mucous layer is created—so, it has 3 properties that make it a major player that in conserving the epithelium. These 3 are:

i) Flushing: MUCs bind to “intestinal wastes” (food debris, dead microbes) & to pathogens, so once moar MUCs are secreted into the outer layer, they’re washed & flushed away to the colon, as this secretion creates a “directional flow away from the host”. This is done by the outer layer, as its not attached/anchored to the epithelium ⚓️

ii) Segregation: While the inner layer in fact IS attached to the epithelium—with the sole purpose of staying there & act as a coat; of keeping the epithelial surface free of mucosal bacterial/stomach acid/pepsin/food debris interaction. Simple as.

iii) Mucus Plume:

This is the mucous layer’s last resort. You see…

When the microbiome, IAP, AMPs, mucus flushing, & immune system fail to stop intestinal pathogens, they get in contact with the mucous layer without being flushed, thus they start degrading it to open their way towards the epithelium and finally, to the systemic circulation.

However, a form of specialized Goblet Cells (MUC secreters); the Sentinels, detect this thanks to the signals sent by TMMs!

Sentinels, to counter the pathogens, trigger a YUGE intracellular calcium release in normal Goblet Cells—allowing for Compound Exocytosis to happen: where a lot of MUCs are released fast to create a "Mucus Plume," essentially a MUC bomb 💣

This bomb pushes the microbes away from the epithelium AND rehydrates + restores the degraded mucosal layer! After all, this release causes a 100 to 1000-fold expansion in mucin volume.

Thus making this process KRUCIAL to heal a damaged mucus layer & hold off the pathogenic invasion 👍

❇️ The EPITHELIUM

However, if the MUCs fail, the epithelium despite not having specialized anti-microbial mechanisms?

Still has some potent barrier properties that impede translocation. And these are awarded by the Cell-Cell Junction Proteins (CCJPs).

Which are found in the basolateral side of each epithelial cell (AKA The CCJ Zone), to confer protection against ParaCellular Transport from unwanted/unhallowed molecules, and they're classified under 4 types of CCJPs according to the zone they're found, and each CCJP with different roles:

1.) Tight Junctions:

TJPs are the CCJ zone's major anchoring, gate-like proteins. And out of the 4, these are the main ones keeping the epithelial cells tight & sealed from one another. Simple as 🚧

2.) Adherens Junctions:

While TJPs seal the epithelial lining, AJPs control how close such sealing is, as they mediate Contact Inhibition,

AKA the mechanism that stops epithelial cells from growing once they come in contact with its neighboring mature cells, to maintain integrity of the CCJ, epithelium & of Cell-Cell Adhesion.

3.) Gap Junctions:

So GJPs form hollow tubes between cells, where all kind of ions & small molecules use it to cross from cell to cell—acting thus, as intercellular channels and allowing intercellular communication!

No cap brevs these GJPs are essentially found in any solid tissue of our body, so heckin epic 💯

4.) Desmosomes

Alright 💯

While TJPs & AJPs are essential to maintain ALL the epithelial cells sealed together, in an organized & safe way?

Desmosomes do that as well, but providing much more structural support to the epithelium. See...

They bind to Intermediate Filaments (IFs, check pic) to provide the epithelium with more resilience against mechanical forces—like when the intestines are contracting to move shats to the colon, hi migrating motor complex.

After all, by binding to the IFs, Desmosomes not only help distribute the mechanical force throughout the epithelium, but also bind each cell to the basal lamina!

This ensures the integrity of the epithelium & prevents it from ripping off the basal lamina during mechanical stress 👍

So,

These 4, together, they create the Cell-Cell Junction & award to an Epithelium unique, needed properties for correct functionality as a barrier-type tissue—properties further beyond the ones obtained through specific types of cells to the organ. And thus, create the 3rd layer of the intestinal barrier, or the "intestinal wall" as most call it 🤣

Finally...

❇️ Intestinal AMPs

Now, this is yet another potent mechanism protecting not only the epithelial lining, but the microbiome itself—worthy to being named as the 4th layer of the intestinal barrier. So...

Intestinal Paneth Cells (IPCs) and Intraepithelial Lymphocytes (IELs) secrete AntiMicrobial Peptides (AMPs) to keep the inner mucous & intestinal epithelial layers clean of microbes, pathogenic or commensal.

Now, AMPs have two main methods of ANIFUCKINGHILATING microbes...

1.) Electrostatic Attraction:

AMPs take advantage of their positive charges to interfere with the negatively charged microbial walls, they interfere in such structure by interposing them in it; between the membrane phospholipid groups.

As AMPs accumulate, the membrane gets weaker & weaker, eventually perforating it & causing a cytoplasmic leak from the targeted microbe, resulting in their BRVTAL death lmao 🤣🫵

2.) Immune Response Coordination:

Some AMPs like Human-β-Defensin (hBD-1/-2) achieve such goal by indirect means—these type of AMPs have chemokinetic abilites, that is to say, once they get in contact with Pathogen Associated Molecular Products (PAMPs, like LPS)?

They can mobilize certain Immune Cells like Dendritic, NK, Macrophages & T Cells to the site of infection/stimulation/injury. Once these get there the targeted microbes will get BRVTALLY rekt

Ngl brevs AMPs are absolutely BRVTAL in the way they deal with pathogens, making them essential to keep the GI Tract eubiotic, and the other 3 layers certainly benefit a lot from them—after all, these orchestrate an incredibly effective anti-pathogenic response.

Without AMPs, you can guarantee that it would be hell for all 3 IAP, MUCs & CCJPs to maintain the intestines impermeable & the microbiome eubiotic.






CONCLUSION

So these 4 mechanisms create the barrier property of our intestines, and understanding them, how they work individually & together, is crucial if you want to heal your GI tract condition(s), in this case le leaky gut.

You see…

Since these 4 mechanisms are some of THE mechanisms responsible for not only keeping GI tract’s health, but to even allow proper digestion & evacuations,

It makes the only sense to realize that ANY kind of GI Tract issue arise due to these and other mechanisms with such responsibilities being dysfunctional enough, to an extent, enough to compromise our GI health. After all,

If you really want to heal, you have to fix the biochemical mechanisms that lead to your illness.

Providing an antibiotic may get rid of symptoms & pathogenic microbes for a week or two, but inefficient IAP & Intestinal AMPs activity are still there, unaddressed.

Taking Diarrhea Meds is great for acute diarrhea, by all means take them as your well-being is the most important thing here - but in Chronic Diarrhea, it won’t restore the impaired Bile Acid Metabolism.

Or anti-acids for stomach acid problems. Even Apple Cider Vinegar or Ginger—while all of these certainly help, they won’t repair dynamics of Parietal Cells & Stomach’s MUCs.

List of examples go on, point is,

You have to first comprehed the biochemical mechanisms involved, read about them, study the actual pathways & their steps, the feedback mechanisms, how are they & their substrates connected with other pathways & systems, and yes it may be tedious, it may be confusing even boring for some of you, but truth I tell you, the rewards that you’ll receive will be far greater than how big the boredom, frustration, tediousness you get to feel during the process, and the pain that your condition causes—I’ve seen it & I’ve been there before, God kill me if I’m lying to you.

Through such way of studying, you'll find the nutrients & molecules involved in your respective to-be-addressed pathways. Now then, connect the dots with your diet, lifestyle, supplements and overall health history.

• What do you think are the missing links?
• What nutrients have you not covered through your diet?
• What nutrients/supplements have you taken too much of, perhaps?
• How do the nutrients/molecules in such pathways are affected by other nutrients/factors (like heavy metals, parasites)?
• How do all these nutrients & molecules affect the pathway’s feedback loops/signaling?
• And again, do not forget about answering this, what are the raw materials the pathways NEED to work?

Once you understand this, and discover the missing links, you’ll have to create a protocol where such problems are addressed via diet, lifestyle & supplementation management—focused on giving as the first step THE FUNDAMENTALS the pathways need.

Once you apply this, most of your symptoms will be resolved—the remaining ones have to be addressed now through optimization strategies that are hyper specialized in your respective pathways, but ONLY after the fundamentals have been applied, and also consider the possibility that you may be missing a fundamental, specially regarding Methylation.

Only you can heal yourself, only you can connect the dots, nobody knows your health history better than you. Only you can implement changes in your life, be it on health or any other aspect.

If you've never done this, I tell you, if you have any doubt/question, I can help you with that - Don't hesitate on sending me a DMs, sharing your health problems.

To heal the Gut MICROBIOME?

Restoring Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase production & secretion is critical.

IAP detoxifies the intestines of pathogenic microbe’s Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via detaching its phosphorus fragment - reducing its “inflammatory” power to ZERO. More like immunostimulant power but you get the idea 💯💯💯

Milk KEFIR is GOATed as a Post Training Drink:

• 9g of Quality Bioavailable Protein
• High asf in B Complex Vitamins
• +400mg Potassium

And since milk itself is THE most hydrating drink nature has to offer, just imagine how hydrating Kefir is… Probiotic & micronutrient gets even moar based if it’s homemade Kefir 🥂

“but it is muh mess to make!!1!1!” enjoy your storebougjt kefir with 12 strains LMAO

As soon as Cold/Flu symptoms arise? Take ZINC 🦠

It inactivates Viral RNA-dependent RNA-Polymerase via inhibiting it's Elongation and decreasing Viral RNA binding to the RdRp

AKA it inhibits VIRAL REPLICATION Elongation = RNA “getting longer”, thanks to the addition of new nucleotides. Essentially the process of replication fr no cap

Exercise metabolic benefits are DECREASED by a fucked Gut Microbiome

A 12 week fitness program:

• Lowered Fasting Insulin by 42.70%
• Lowered HOMA-IR by 50%
• Increased Matsuda Index by 116.29%!

ONLY in the Healthy Microbiome group. Dysbiosis group got ZERO benefits, and… They even got negative results in their glucose homeostasis & insulin sensitivity!

The gut microbiome MUST be targeted NO MATTER what the health goal is.

After you healed your gut?

It’s imperative that you add FIBER again, after all, in the absence of it, your gut bacteria will turn to the alternate energy source:

The mucus layer. Which will lead to the erosion of said layer and the disruption of the intestinal barrier.

And congrats brother now you have a dysbiotic gut again let’s GOOO!!

After a night of alcohol & garbage food? Eat GINGER.

Those foods annihilate the digestive system’s Mucus Layer, and Ginger helps RESTORE it via increasing Mucin production.

AKA the gels that constitute & lubricate the mucous & intestinal barrier If damaged, the “stomach cells” are exposed to HCL acid which leads to ulcers.

In the intestines, a severely damaged mucosal layer leads to leaky gut, as the microbiome goes in direct contact with the epithelial cells, thus igniting an inflammatory response.

Bounce back from all da Christmas food & cheat meals, by sinply doing a +20hr fast, going outside (receive sunlight, grounding if possible) and getting proFUCKINGbiotics

You’re welcome mate 🥂 See the thing is it’s imperative to fast cuz by doing it you allow the Migrating Motor Complex to completely clean your intestines, to move all the food “debris” to the colon so it gets excreted

AND of course because fasting promotes Sirtuin activity & NAD+ regeneration THUS-

KEFIR improves DIABETES:

60 T2D patients were divided in 2 groups. Group A drank 600ml of Kefir a day, while B drank normal fermented milk.

After 8 weeks?

Group A had a 30% in reduction in a major market of insulin resistance; HOMA-IR, while B had a small increase in it! JUST by drinking kefir for 2 months, all the 30 diabetics in the Kefir Group experienced a 30% improvement in their HOMA-IR! From 7.05 to 4.93!

In a world where Diabetes is on the rise?

This should be on the news every single day.

Taking MAGNESIUM before a workout?

DELAYS the LACTATE rise by 45 MINUTES - AND decreases it BY 200%

You’d literally still be repping out the weights, outrunning your opponents or sprinting while everyone else is praying to catch a breath. It’s literally delayed for the duration of a half time of a football match, or a whole workout (for lotta people). Unfair advantage.

Your Gut Health will suffer if you’re constantly snacking & leaving less than 3hrs between meals

As eating stops activity of your gut’s janitor, AKA Migrating Motor Complex

MMC cleans the small intestine by sweeping its food debris into the colon through intestinal contractions Redefining the functional roles of the gastrointestinal migrating motor complex and motilin in small bacterial overgrowth and hunger signaling

journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.11…

If you want Deep, RECHARGING Sleep?

Restoring Acetylcholine status is critical.

ACh is in charge of “turning off” your muscles during REM Sleep,

And the Cerebral Cortex needs it to work properly, which during REM Sleep is highly active In fact, the cortex is just as metabolically active during the wake state - which requires high ACh activity as shown below, hence the name “Paradoxical Sleep” for REM sleep 👍👍👍👍

B1 (and Mg) deficiency shifts Glucose Metabolism to a Dirty Burn, where Lactate & free Glutamates are constantly released,

So not only your whole ENERGY production is now impaired, but each time you eat you’re getting more & more inflamed.

https://twitter.com/julianalung/status/1601339627494727681

It is CRITICAL that during & after an injury (either physical or biochemical), viral infection or medication treatment you focus on getting enough Vitamin B1 and Magnesium

If you want to heal your gut, first step forget about Digestive Enzymes or Apple Cider Vinegar

AKA “optimization” type-supplements, cuz even tho they may provide a relief?

They will NEVER fix the root cause.

SHORT THREAD 🔮 Leave those things to Chapter II, “Individualized Optimization”

And first focus on Chapter I, “Fundamentals”:

- Removing refined sugar, sneed oils, antinutrient rich foods, alcohol, coffee
- Basing your diet around quality animal foods (eggs, game, organs, seafood)

When I started dealing with chronic constipation, I went to 3 different health “specialists”; a nutritionist & 2 gastroenterologists.

First one put me on a fiber heavy diet. Didn’t work.

2nd one gave me laxatives, a crap probiotic pill & told me to eat fiber & drink more water. Didn’t work.

At that point is when I started taking things more seriously and actually started researching about the gut, not to extent i do know tho - but…

There was this other gastroenterologist in town which was “one of the bests”

🔮 FIX YOUR FOCUS WITH ACETYLCHOLINE (THREAD) 🔮

Yeah smoking a fag may help you focus but...

If you want to NEVER depend on a focus enhancing drug again & remove ALL limitations on your Cognitive Performance?

You gotta harness the POWER of ACETYLCHOLINE Alright putos, so if you're dealing with:

- Insomnia
- Brain Fog
- Addictions
- Poor memory
- Lack of dreams
- Poor dream recalling
- Waking up thru the night
- Getting Easily Distracted, poor focus
- Brain being "off" when you wake up, lethargy

And with other symptoms like...

I think about these verses way too often. When I was broke and still had to go train football, me and my homie would still find ways to feed ourselves, and every training day I would wake up and think “tf we will eat today after training”

And yet we found food to eat even when everything was crashing

Any Gut Healing protocol should have restoring Butyrate production as a major focus,

Mucins create the gels that keep tight & lubricated our mucous layer & intestinal barrier, and Butyrate?

Increases Mucin2 - the most prominent Gut Mucin. And even though Butyrate is the least SCFA produced?

It is the major energy source for our intestinal cells (colonocytes) - accounts for 70% of their ATP produced!

As a man, one food you should ABSOLUTELY eat on a daily basis is...

GINGER.

JUST 500mg of Ginger Powder for 3 months, reduced at minimum 36% Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Infertile men. SDF is a marker of Sperm Quality.

bit crazy innit mate

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… Literally just a ginger supplement had such effect - now imagine the effects whole fresh ginger root consumption would have had.

At 15 years old I started seeing the number 101 EVERYWHERE, and to this date I still see it several times a day. Of course it's not a coincidence

Anyone else has their "own number"? 343, 757, 404 & more recently 109 are numbers that I see a lot on a daily basis. Specially 757 & now 109. Interesting that 109 doesn't follow the same pattern as the other numbers.