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🔴 tohmes Profile picture
🔴 tohmes
@tohmes1
👎: #LongCovid #Aerosol #B117 #P1 #B1351 #B16172 #E484K 👍: #BildungAberSicher #NoCovid 🏆: Rostock OB @ClausRuhe #Madsen. Durch Winter bis März '21 Inz < 54
Nov 14, 2023 • 23 tweets • 8 min read
1/23 SARS-CoV-2 & cancer causing viruses

Viruses have been demonstrated to be the causative agents of approximately 10%–15% of all cancers worldwide.

Is enough known about SC2 to officially classify it as carcinogenic?

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Image 2/23 SARS-CoV-2 & cancer papers

there are many dozens of papers & case studies concerning SC2 as potentially cancer causing, but SC2 has not yet been officially classified as carcinogenic
Nov 14, 2023 • 12 tweets • 5 min read
1/12 SARS-CoV-2 & avoiding immune destruction

There are at least seven reported strategies, which are utilized by SARS-CoV-2 for immune evasion.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Image 2/12 SARS-CoV-2 & avoiding immune destruction

In addition to immune evasion, SC2 infected cells can avoid distruction by preventing proper function of immune system (IS) cells &/or infecting IS cells. Cells such as: CD4 & CD8 T cells, neurophils, monocytes, macrophages, NK cells
Nov 14, 2023 • 36 tweets • 15 min read
1/35 SARS-CoV-2 & telomeres (T)

🧵 showing various aspects of SC2 & telomeres

* telomere shortening & the age acceleration effect
* infection of cells w/ upregulated telomerase
* downregulation of TRF2, leading to excessive loss of telomeric DNA
* ultimately: cancer 2/35 Telomeres (1)
A brief intro. T protect chromosomal DNA terminal regions from progressive degradation & ensure linear chromosome integrity by preventing DNA repair systems from mistaking the very ends of DNA strands for a double-strand breaks.
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telomere
Nov 4, 2023 • 4 tweets • 3 min read
1/2 SARS-CoV-2, frequent reexposure & oral cavity (OC)

OC is a site of replication & reservoir formation.

Even if one is immune to a variant, the antibodies are in the blood. Not in saliva & mucus.

IgA immune recall in mucus requires 1-3 days (B cells).
link.springer.com/article/10.100… 2/2 SARS-CoV-2, frequent reexposure & oral cavity

Saliva & mucus have high turnover, thus igA from prev contact will likely not be present & has to be immune recalled by B cells.

All the while SC2 is actively infecting oral cavity cells.
nature.com/articles/s4136…

Image
Image
Sep 25, 2023 • 14 tweets • 5 min read
1/14 SARS-CoV-2 & GI tract persistence

A collection of papers concerning GI tract persistence.

In many case nasal & throat swabs will be negative
& GI samples or anal/stool swabs are positive weeks to months after infection

It is misleading to only rely on nasal & throat swabs 2/14 SARS-CoV-2 & GI tract persistence
+70% of +ve retest patients had viral RNA in their anal swabs at 2nd admission. SC2 RNA was 2x more often detected in anal swabs than in throat. Results show SC2 was mainly detected in GI tract in +ve retest patients
nature.com/articles/s4142…
Jun 7, 2023 • 21 tweets • 10 min read
SARS-CoV-2 in infected cells:
"Overall findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 both induces DNA damage & impairs its repair"

seems this can be a #cancer accelerator & overwhelm the immune system w/ (pre)cancerous cells

combine that w/ v likely SC2 persistence
nature.com/articles/s4155…
Image an older 🧵 concerning SARS-CoV-2 & cancer:
May 25, 2023 • 11 tweets • 5 min read
1/11 SARS-CoV-2 & rapid loss of acquired immunity:

a 🧵 collecting various papers & results leading up to an idea:

rapid waning is
* actually chronic antigen exposure of a persistent SARS-CoV-2 infection
* leading to depletion/exhaustion of
* SC2 acquired immune memory 2/11 HIV, CD4+ depletion & SARS-CoV-2:

Math. model shows if "runaway" hypothesis in HIV were correct, CD4+ cells would fall to low levels w/in a few months, not years.

Remarkable since w/ SC2: acquired immunity has been observed to wane w/in 3-12mon
journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/a… Image
Mar 31, 2023 • 7 tweets • 4 min read
1/7 SARS-CoV-2 upregulates endogenous opioids
& influences behavior

It upregulates OPRPN, which encodes opiorphin

Opiorphin?
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opiorphin

* painkilling effect greater than morphine
* anti-depressant
* shown to be antipanic agent (panicolytic)
2/7 SARS-CoV-2 upregulates endogenous opioids

Yes, peripheral opiorphin cannot cross BBB (unless leaky)

But
* BBB damage as COVID-19 sequela is known
* upregulatation can occur directly in CNS

Both paths can elevate opioid levels in brain
Oct 7, 2022 • 4 tweets • 3 min read
@1goodtern 67: COVID can influence behavior

Selective pressure & mass infection promote variants that do this more&more

behavior changes:
* short term: hormones (e.g. serotonin via inflammation & platelet degranulation)
* long term: limbic system damage, BBB damage
@1goodtern SARS-CoV-2 & limbic system:

from @WesElyMD's 🧵 "abnormalities were found primarily in limbic system (LS) & olfactory areas. LS is involved in behavioral & emotional responses for survival like feeding, caring for our young & fight or flight responses."
May 10, 2022 • 8 tweets • 5 min read
@xabitron1 there are additional effects

in total though, which such high infection numbers, there was/is selective pressure for variants that (w/ increasing effectivity) change behavior

@xabitron1 e.g. (from 2020) SARS-CoV-2 does not only use the ACE2 receptor for entry.

It also uses NRP1 which ameliorates VEGF-A-mediated pain

this directly changes (normal expected) behavior
(there is less pain feedback upon infection)

Image
Apr 22, 2022 • 5 tweets • 3 min read
prior infection isn't immunity,
it's a preexisting condition.

CoV damages ACE2 organs & immune system. It persists.

With ORF6 it suppresses immune response (by downregulating MHC1 & INFN)

With ORF8 it triggers T cell wear&tear.
(anergy, autoimmunity, less clearance, cancer) concerning SARS-CoV-2 & #ORF6:
Jan 4, 2022 • 5 tweets • 3 min read
Cancer is a foreseeable COVID19 sequelae since chronic inflammation (CI) is long‐established to be a fertile ground for oncogenesis. Association between viral infection & several cancers is well known. CI & immune escape can drive oncogenic transformation.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/artic… (pre)cancerous cells emerge daily in the body & are kept in check & destroyed by internal processes: CD8+ T cells, the most prominent anti-tumor cells (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/artic…)

thus concerning are long-term changes of CD8+ T cells after a CoV2 infection