Not a coincidence: you wanted your book to be printed and bought as many times as possible. 2/6
That meant using the most common dialects: French, Castilian, English, Florentine... 3/6
City-states that had similar dialects started adopting the majority one for which books were available. All of Tuscany starts speaking Florentine—and then Italy. All of Castilla speaks Castilian—and then Spain. All of England speaks English—and then the UK. 4/6
These city-states start sharing more ideas, trading more, interacting more... a common identity emerges, common values, brotherhood. 5/6
It was just a matter of time this would be reflected on the geopolitics. 6/6
Conflict between 🇲🇽Mexico and 🇪🇸Spain, because 🇪🇸 hasn't apologized for its invasion of 🇲🇽 500 years ago
Here's what happened, and why this is ignorant and hypocritical:
1. When the 🇪🇸 arrived to Central America, the Aztecs were in the middle of a brutal conquest (green below)
Ppl don't realize how recent this had been before the arrival of the 🇪🇸
• Tenochtitlan was formed less than 200y earlier
• The 1st king of the Mexica was crowned just 150y earlier
• The Aztec Triple Alliance formed less than 100y earlier
This was not the 1st wave of conquests & massacres in the region. They'd been at it for thousands of years
And the Aztecs were not particularly kind. Tenochtitlan displayed walls of skulls from its enemies
Their rise includes killing & skinning the daughter of an allied king!
Massive floods across the Western world. What pattern do you see?
1. Massive floods in Vienna, carrying cars and everything else on its path.
The Danube is mostly embanked, no floodplains
2. Budapest is underwater
The city is also built on the Danube's floodplain. In fact, most of the Danube has embankments, and the floodplains and dams upstream are not enough to absorb all the water
3. Flood disaster in Głuchołazy, Poland, worst one in 100 years. Why? Because the river is fully embanked, has no floodplains anymore, and goes through the middle of the city
One event made these things possible:
Roman civilization
Industrial Revolution
The oil wealth of Arab countries
Russia's invasions
The Mongol Empire
Globalization
Southern Europe richer than Northern Africa
And more
What was it?
The death of an ocean
I'm super excited about this! AFAIK, nobody has put all these facts together. You're learning about it here 1st!
To understand what happened, we need to start in this region of the world. Do you notice something special?
1. SEAS
It has plenty of huge inland seas! Notice how we can't find such seas anywhere else in the world*
The Mediterranean, Black, Azov, Caspian, Aral and Red Seas (and the Persian Gulf) are all in the same area, either cut off from oceans or connected by very narrow passes.
I've been banging my head on a pbm and I need help, Twitter
Why are there huge dunes on some coasts and not others?
You have dunes like these ones in the Namib desert in Namibia. Why? How do they form? Why only here?
I'll update this thread as I get answers!
Apparently strong, dry winds blow from the interior towards the Atlantic ocean, accumulating the sand. As it accumulates, it blows or falls into the ocean, creating these huge slopes. OK.
You can even see these dunes in the satellite
The obvious question becomes: Why just there and not elsewhere on the Namib desert coast?