Other times it means that the orderly functioning of the supply chain that produces the count has been impaired.
Suppose that getting access to testing takes a clinician 15 minutes one week but 30 the next. Their rational response is to not conduct discretionary bubble tests (“Probably a waste of time anyhow.”) but still conduct tests for severely ill patients.
From an information theory perspective, a test on first patient gives you less new info than second.
One of Japan’s foremost epidemiologists was complaining earlier today about how few doctors understand Bayes’ Rule.
How often has this been critical during their career, etc etc.