Thread by @SnapLaugh

Monoclonal antibodies (MAb)
Lab produces mol's,serve as substitute antibodies that restore,enhance or mimic the immune systems attack on cancer cells,bind to antigens that are more pronounced on cancer cells,used alone or to carry drugs,toxins or radioactive mols
@unseenvalue

MAb's are used for treatment in cancer,rheumatoid arthritis,multiple sclerosis, psoriasis,Crohns disease,Lupus

Cancers treated by MAbs are Brain,breast,colon,lung,head & neck,prostate melanoma,stomach,Hodgkin's & non hodgkin's lymphoma

@porinju @Arunstockguru

How do MAbs work in cancer ?
Flagging cancer cells for destruction by immune system,trigger destruction of cancer cell membrane,block growth of cancer cells by attaching to certain antigens ,block blood vessel formation for cancer cells,deliver radio&chemotherapy
@punitbansal14

Advantages - Represent single Ab molecule,bind to antigens with same affinity,promote same response,product of same hybridoma react with same epitope on antigen,human derived Ab are less immunogenic,unlimited quantities of a single nonspecific agent can be produced
@kiranshaw

Disadvges
Lower affinity than polyclonal antibodies, cross reactions with unrelated antigens,immune rejection,require 2 to 4 months to produce

Side effects
Mild - itching,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,low BP
Severe - allergic reactions,fall in WBC count,bleeding,lung injury #drugs

Commonly used MAbs
Infliximab - crohn's disease
Adalimumab - Rheumatoid arthritis
Trastuzumab - Breast cancer
Cetuximab - Colorectal cancer
Tocilizumab - rheumatoid arthritis, severe cases of #coronavirus infections
@MrMotilalOswal @Bioconlimited

Global therapeutic MAbs market was valued at $115 billion in 2018,expected to generate $150 billion in 2019 and touch $300 billion by 2025

2017 7 out of 10 best selling drugs were MAbs
Market is dominated by @Merck,j&j ,@Amgen ,@Roche @Novartis @abbvie

2018 top selling MAbs were HUMIRA,Herceptin,Avastin,Keytruda,Rituxan,Remicade,Stelara,ENBREL

Chinas MAb market 2013-2017 grew at a CAGR of 15.6
Worth RMB 14.2 billion in 2018 ,to touch RMB 120 billion by 2025

Global PD-1/PD-L1 MAb market size
$13.9 billion 2018
$57 billion 2025

Monoclonal antibodies in India
Intas - Bevacizumab
@drreddys - Rituximab
Cadila - Adalimumab
Roche - Tocilizumab
Merck pembrolizumab

India launched 250 million $ program with @WHO in 2017 'Innovate in India' to increase its market share from 3% in 2017 to 5% by 2020 in biopharma

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