Thread by @iamarpan_m

Pakistan and China, the two military powers which are substantially powerful in defence capabilities and are neighbours to our country, which is not that aggresive towards its boundaries and territorial subjects. The three countries together are a part of Nuclear ☢️ supremacy.

We all have heard the Pakistani PM, Imran Puppet Khan roaring on international forums about the capacity of Pakistan & Indian nukes, and how a conflict between the two nations could turn out to be a nuclear escalation, although Indian side stciking to no first use policy.

The recent conflicts with China on the LAC and other hotspot points, particularly the unfortunate incident of 15th June 2020 has esacalated an unprecedented tension cluster in the Indo-China border. The talks of deescalation is going on, but the reality of chinese build up.......

on their side of LAC does not demarcate its actions, T&C’s being decided between the two sovereign nations.
The recent news of building up of an airstrip near Pangong Tso lake is a further advancement towards aggressive chinese policy. Satelite images studies proves the same too.

This leads us to a question of where we, as one of the worlds superpower in terms of defence forces stand, and especially the world ending ‘Nuclear Weapons Policy’.

The very well known fact amongst the world is, America was the first nation to take the world into the Nuclear era, wherein, august 1945, American warheads detonated nuclear weapons upon the Japanese cities bringing a trageic end to WW2.

following the footsteps of America, Russia in 1949, UK in 1952, France in 1960 and China in 1964 became the very first Nuclear Weapon States (NWS). This created a world order and these countries took a better of others in defending their sovereign lands.

Later in 1962, October,, the world was soon to enter into the WW 3 which would have been an end to the world with both USSR and America nuking each other. This conflict was later known as the Cuban Missile Crisis only to learn that the world could come to an end any-day by nukes.

On the same timeline towards the east of the world, the two most populus countries were fighting each other at the Indo-China war. Although none of them was able to develop nuclear weaponry but, it is claimed that China had all the intelligence inputs to build the arsenal.

Seen the condition of India, being just have made independent from a long Anglo rule, Indian leadership was not in favour of building nuclear arsenal, which is better understood seeing the times we had to go through. Pandit Nehru although was confident of having nukes one day.

2 year of Indo-China war, in 1964, China became a NWS and this was seen as a threat to Indian security by the leaders of that time. This made the then PM of India, Lal Shastri, find a nuclear umbrella, the same way USA provided to Japan. Doors of both USA & USSR were strucked.

In 1968, NWS countries decided to have a Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). With this, countries were disregared as NWS those who tried to become one after 1968 and they were discouraged to do so by imposition of sanctions on them. This was seen as a discriminatory step by India.

In 1974, India conducted a ‘peaceful nuclear explosion’ which was not a part of using it as a weapon but use in civil energy. USA & Canada are said ro have taken aback their support from Indian civil nuclear deal amidst India developing this into a weaponry.

The world order came against India, saying, we should focus on our development rather than becoming a NWS. This took a shape, and for a much longer time, the ideology of having a nuclear arsenal was kept aside.

A big blow came to our leadership through intelligence inputs when in, 1979, Pakistan was said to have got the technology to develop the Nuclear detonators and in later 80’s and 90’s, China started to supply missiles and warheds to Pakistan.

The threat also increased when, in 1977, Army general of pakistan, Zia Ul-Haq came to power by taking away the throne from elected Bhutto.
This was seen as a step of decreasing security covers in the Indian side as, the nuclear program of Pakistan was now in military control.

In 1974, a Nuclear Supplier Groups (NSG) was set up, Indian still remains out of this group because of non signatory of NPT which to our dismay was extented in 1995, on request of China for an indefinite period, leaving India out of world nuclear order.

In 1996, there came another Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT), this was made to make sure that no country would carry out nuclear tests on its land, India did not sign this pact, still reamins a non signatory.

In 1995, although Narshima Rao’s political will allowed to carry out nuclear tests but, external pressure refrained him from doing so. Finally in 1998, India became a Nuclear state by testing 5 devices at Pokhran, Rajasthan.

This was followed by tests done by pakistan on its land at Chagai.
Both India & Pakistan were economically sanctioned under UNSCR 1172.
India by the time also preperd Agni amd Prithvi missiled which could be used as the warhead carriage.

This was the journey of how the nuclear weapons came into existence.
More interesting is the Indian Nuclear Doctrine.
1. India shall maintain minimum possible deterrent which could destroy any country once India is attacked.

2. No First Use policy
3. Even if any country uses tactical nuclear weapon, India shall use a full warhead, this should never be misinterpreted on other’s part. The answer to any mischievous action against India would be dangerous.

4. India shall never use nuclear force upon states not possessing nuclear weapons.

Although, doctrine of Indian nuclear policy is said to be the most flexible of all because no world policies have been signed till now, bet it CTBT or NPT.

This still remains a questions, weather any NWS try to use their arsenal over one another.