1. James Darmesteter, the famous french Iranist, compiled more than 100 popular #Pashto songs in 1888-90 in his Chants populaires des Afghans. It also narrates accounts of various wars/battles using Charbeta (چاربیته) the story telling form of Pashto poetry...
...including that of Ahmad Shah Abdali, Dost M. Khan, Syed Ahmed , and the following wars including 2nd Anglo-Afghan war. It names many other people, which are unknown to us today, who showed bravery in the war, but it doesn't mention any Malalai or any woman for that matter.
Remember the book was compiled about 10 years after the battle of Maiwand and one would expect that local native accounts, told via folklore, may mention it but this one at least doesn't. Does any other Pashto/Afghan account of that time mention her? It is to investigate!
2. Important to trace exactly when & who mentioned Malalai and her story first to be able to fully establish if it was actually a real woman or if it was a fictional character invented for some reason.
3. Pashto literature enjoyed immense support, good for Pashto, from the Afghan state in 20th century. Many books were written, authors & scholars encouraged in various ways under the state patronage to carry our their work. It won't be out of place to mention that
some controversial literary "discoveries" were also made in that period that kind of aligned with and supported the Pashtun national discourse. One has to see if Malalai was also result of such a campaign.
4. Colonial literature, however, can't be used as an authentic reference to (in)validate Afghan version of the events of the war and many battles. Those accounts really tell stories from their perspectives.
Lastly, it is disappointing to see non-Pashtun ethnicities celebrating "busting" of the myth of Malalai. They are obviously influenced by the ethnic politics of today. Also, those Pashtuns need to calm down who feel offended by the thread quoted above. Why feel proud of something
that was not a reality in the first place? But if you believe in it then please counter with evidence. It will help us all improve on our understanding and knowledge of history.
There is so much more in Pashtun history to feel good about anyways ;-)
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Imran Khan seems to not know that Qazi Faiz Isa brazenly lies about his father and grandfather, and exaggerate their role to project them as some sort of great, principled people. They were not!
There's well-documented evidence which prove Qazi Isa was corrupt, and offered his services to the military dictator.
For now, I am sharing one such evidence, penned by no one else but Qaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah himself. Qazi Isa collected donations for Anjuman-i-Islamia Baluchistan to establish a school but then he would not hand over the donations to the Anjuman. It was only when Jinnah himself intervened in the matter, and asked Qazi Isa to hand over the amount. He reluctantly did that but claimed expenses and lesser amount in donations than what the Anjuman demanded.
In this scripted and choreographed to-the-minute interview, Qazi Faez Isa claims that his father and Jinnah not only had the relation of a leader-follower, Pir-o-Murshid, but that there was more to their relationship, and they were very close because, acc. to Faez Isa, Jinnah wrote his father TWO letters in which he addressed his father as "My dear Isa".
I have seen many who try to win favor with the state by claiming to have some very unique and special relationship with the father of the nation. This seems such a case. See the next tweet who else Jinnah used to address as "My dear".
There are more people whom Jinnah addressed as "My dear" but the following instances should be enough to say that the use of "My dear" was not something unique to Qazi Muhammad Isa. I am also not saying that this isn't something one should not be proud of but if you watch this interview, and read other writings of Faez Isa, you will definitely notice a pattern wherein he throws in many such anecdotes involving Jinnah and his father to project his image beyond of what Qazi Muhammad Isa was in reality.
Exactly 68 yrs ago in 1954, Governor General Ghulam Muhamad, with the help of Army, dissolved the 1st Constituent Assembly of Pak & reconstituted the cabinet forcing three* new ministers in including Gen. Ayub & Gen. Iskandar Mirza as Defense & Interior Ministers respectively.🧵
Pakistan, at that time, was politically very volatile and unstable. East-Pakistan was already put under martial law removing the elected Chief Minister Fazal Haq few months ago where governor Major General Iskandar Mirza ruled with an iron fist.
There was a dirty power struggle going on between the Governor General and the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan. I think a few bits on this lesser known struggle won't be out of place in this thread.
The parliament wanted to restrain the powers of the Office of Governor General.
One of the first high-profile *murder* of a Pakistani on foreign soil was of Shahnawaz Bhutto, brother of Benazir Bhutto, who was found dead in his apartment in Paris in 1985.
Bhutto's family suspected Gen. Zia-Ul-Haq and Shah Nawaz's Afghan wife for his death.🧵
When Zia's martial law regime executed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the then PM of Pakistan, in a sham trial, his both sons went to Kabul and launched a guerilla war under their militant org Al-Zulfikar. Shah Nawaz was leading the training of Al-Zulfikar militants in Afghanistan.
Pakistan was hosting, training and arming Mujahideen and actively supported them against Kabul and AFG was doing the same with the separatists & ethnic militants and activists who ran terrorist and sabotage ops in Pak with the help of KGB and KHAD.
Abt 25 yrs ago, the Taliban morality police was the major reason that we left Kabul to the disappointment of our students in the computer learning institute that we had set up ourselves during the volatile early months of the Taliban rule.
Keep in mind that it was the time when the civil war had entered its final phase & in favor of the Taliban and Kabul had fell them. Economic & security situations was still very bad. But we (an Afghan, a Pakistani & I) had decided to open a *computer learning institute in Kabul.
We had a couple of small basic institutes in Khyber, our Afghan friends wanted us to replicate the same in Kabul. So we bought a total of 4 computers (386 & 486 ) from Peshawar two with monochrome monitors, several 3½” & 5¼” disks incl. a set of 20+ disks with Windows 95 on it.
Historic photographs of the 'wrestling' match where Zbysco remained in a motionless kneeling position for 2 hours and three quarters & didn't wrestle Gama disappointing the large crowds who had come to see a wrestling match. Their jeers & boos failed to make him wrestle Gama.
Gama had challenged the famous wrestlers including Zybsco when he toured London in 1910. Newspapers ran stories of the 'silence' of Zybsco and accepting his challenge but he did there was much excitement and interest in the giants facing each other in the ring.
However the match turned out to be a disappointment for the people and for the crowds. Zbysco, right from the first minute, remained in the kneeling position for the whole run of the match before the match was stopped due to darkness and rematch was fixed on the next Saturday.
'...another 'GEO' official disclosed to an officer of a European diplomatic mission that they [GEO TV] had taken themselves off the air in order to blame the political party, and garner support for the station.'
The confession in para 11👇
When the Group Editor of Geo was queried by the US embassy staff he said that they know that many of their reporters have political agendas, are paid by ISI, military intelligence, Jamaat-e-Islami, or other interests but that they prefer not to fire or reprimand these reporters.
'"GEO" sees its behavior [reporting rumors, innuendo, and unsubstantiated allegations] as win-win with sensationalism and hate speech generating ratings and any attempt by authorities to rein it in allowing them to exploit their circumstance by claiming censorship.'