Prof. Akiko Iwasaki Profile picture
Aug 26, 2020 7 tweets 6 min read Read on X
Men are at higher risk of developing more severe #COVID than women. Our paper out today by @taka_takehiro @Muhellingson Pat Wong @BenIsraelow @carolilucas @sneakyvirus1 Julio Silva @tianyangmao et al examines sex differences in immune response 👇🏽 (1/n)

nature.com/articles/s4158…
Here is a link to an accessible article. (2/n)

rdcu.be/b6tiP
Here is an earlier thread I wrote about this study.

We find that men decline in T cell responses as they age, and this correlates with worsening of #COVID disease. Women, even in old age, were able to stimulate T cell immunity. (3/n)

For a great report by @apoorva_nyc on this study in @nytimes please read this. (4/n)

この研究の内容を紹介する記事。共同通信より。
男性は重症化しやすい? 新型コロナ、免疫に性差 (5/n)

47news.jp/news/5182566.h…
We are so grateful to the @WHRYale for their support of this study and for making this awesome video 👇🏽 (6/n)

We could not have done this study without a huge number of Yale IMPACT collaborators from @YaleMed @YaleSPH @YaleNursing and especially all the patients who volunteered to donated their blood samples and NP swabs for this study 🙏🏼 🙏🏼 🙏🏼 (end) ImageImage

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More from @VirusesImmunity

Mar 3
Delighted to share our latest work on #longCOVID - sex differences in symptoms and immune signatures. Led by @SilvaJ_C @taka_takehiro @wood_jamie_1 et al. with @LeyingGuan & @PutrinoLab. We find a striking inverse correlation btw testosterone levels and symptom burden👇🏼 (1/)

medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
This work leverages data from our recent Mount Sinai-Yale long COVID "MY-LC" study with the @PutrinoLab. This time, we asked the question, "Are there differences in symptoms and immune signatures of ♀️ vs. ♂️ with LC"? (2/)

nature.com/articles/s4158…
Image
While some symptoms were equally frequent in females and males, many were more frequent in females (e.g., swelling, headaches, muscle pain, cramps) than males. The top distinguishing symptoms of LC status by sex were hair loss in females and sexual dysfunction in males. (3/) Image
Read 16 tweets
Jan 13
In this prospective observational study, we examined changes in symptoms & immune phenotypes in vaccine-naïve people with #LongCovid after COVID-19 vaccination. Due to the timing of the initiation of this study, we were only able to recruit 16 people. However, the insights we gained are intriguing. Led by @connorbgrady, @bornali_27, @silva_JC, @hmkyale et al. (1/)
medrxiv.org/content/10.110…Image
This study was initiated in collaboration with @Survivor_Corps @dianaberrent based on their Facebook poll showing that 40% of respondents with self-reported Long COVID had mild to full symptom resolution after vaccination while 14% reported worsening of their symptoms. (2/)
doi.org/10.1101/2021.0…
In addition, evidence from other patient advocate groups, including @patientled and @longCovidSOS, and from @DanielGriffinMD, was emerging at the time on the impact of COVID vaccines in people with long COVID. (3/)
Read 19 tweets
Sep 25, 2023
So pleased to report that our Mount Sinai-Yale long COVID (MY-LC) paper with @putrinolab & others is now published!! Proud of the hard work of all who contributed. We found biological signatures that can distinguish people with vs. without #longCOVID (1/) nature.com/articles/s4158…
Question being asked: are there circulating cells & immune factors that are distinct in people with #longCOVID (LC) vs. those who recovered from COVID (convalescent control; CC) or those who never had COVID (healthy control; HC)? We studied 268 participants to address this. (2/) Image
Most participants were infected during the first wave in 2020, and studied on average about a year after the infection. Most were not hospitalized at acute phase and ~2/3 were female. We examined plasma factors, blood leukocytes & antibodies to SARS2, other viruses & self (3/) Image
Read 11 tweets
Aug 27, 2023
A short 🧵on a recent study by @MaggieLind2 with @MHitchingsEpi @datcummings Albert Ko et al. Data show that immunity induced by vaccines, prior infection or both (hybrid) protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection when viral exposure is low to moderate (1/)

nature.com/articles/s4146…
Question being asked: What is the risk of becoming *infected* with SARS-CoV-2 after developing immunity following a vaccine, prior infection, or both if exposure to the virus is very high, moderate, or low? They did not study the severity of symptoms. (2/)
How? The authors used the existing database of the Connecticut Department of Correction, where infection data based on high frequency of testing for SARS-CoV-2 on ~9300 residents across 13 facilities were available. (3/)
Read 9 tweets
May 5, 2023
A new study in @SciImmunology led by @AnisBarmada & Jon Klein @YaleIBIO with @lucasite_lab @InciYildirim11 @YalePediatrics teams explored immune signatures of people who developed myocarditis after mRNA vaccines. Here is what we found. 🧵 (1/)
science.org/doi/10.1126/sc…
Myocarditis is a rare adverse event that occurs most frequently in adolescent and young adult males after the second dose of mRNA vaccines. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. (2/)

cdc.gov/vaccines/covid…
We considered three possible immune mechanisms of myocarditis.
1) Autoimmune/molecular mimicry
2) Hypersensitivity/eosinophilic type 2 immunity
3) Cytokine-mediated lymphocyte/macrophage activation
(3/)
Read 19 tweets
Mar 21, 2023
Very excited that our PaxLC clinical trial on #longCOVID patients is now open, led by @hmkyale! This is a phase 2, 1:1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled research study in 100 non-hospitalized highly symptomatic long COVID. (1/)

clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05…
We will be providing paxlovid or placebo pills in long haulers for 15 days. The primary outcome will be measured by asking the patients to fill out some questionnaires pre & post treatment. We will find out whether their health changes with paxlovid vs. placebo. (2/)
Before, during, and after treatment, we will do a deep dive immune profiling to see if any changes are detected due to Paxlovid. We will apply a similar strategy that we used in our study with @PutrinoLab to understand the immune and viral signatures (3/)

medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
Read 10 tweets

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