In the early U.S., samplers were often part of girls' educations. Sewing them helped girls learn to read, write, and reason. You name it, they sewed it. But samplers were also a way for girls to express their political views—as Betsy Bucklin's sampler shows.⬇️ #BecauseOfHerStory Betsy Bucklin's sampler
At 13, Betsy Bucklin felt free to express her political views when she sewed this sampler during the American Revolution. Its verse reminded leaders that women played a role in shaping popular political opinion (and that they should think twice before defying George Washington). Detail of sampler with vers...
Bucklin wasn't alone. In the early US, many women were politically active, despite being denied legal rights, voting rights, or even the right to speak before a crowd. They took sides in partisan disputes and expressed opinions in the press—and samplers.

americanhistory.si.edu/democracy-exhi…
But Betsy Bucklin's sampler only tells part of the story of girlhood in the early U.S. Before and after the American Revolution, not all girls had the opportunity to make samplers (or to go to school at all).

Instead, they had to work. #BecauseOfHerStory Mural from Girlhood: It’s c...
From slavery to Jim Crow, Black girls worked in fields and as nannies. They found themselves serving families and becoming lifelong domestic workers. Girls as young as three carried heavy babies, scrubbed dirty diapers, and stayed up late to mend clothing. Little Girl Propping Up Bab...
What would it be like to care for an infant who was also your boss?

When Harriet Jacobs's enslaver died, she was left in the will to a 3-year-old girl. She later wrote in her autobiography: "I was now the property of their little daughter."

[📷:Harriet Jacobs, 1894 @nypl] Portrait of Harriet Jacobs ...
Girls like Jacobs did not get to have a childhood—but exploring their lives gives us a more complete understanding of girlhood.

Join us tonight—Oct 8, 7pm EDT—for the virtual opening of our exhibition: Girlhood: It's complicated. girlhoodlive.com #BecauseOfHerStory

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More from @amhistorymuseum

7 Oct
Tune in to our Cooking Up History demonstrations during #SmithsonianFood History Weekend (Oct. 15–17) for recipes & wisdom from chefs who are helping build a more sustainable, healthy food future, while honoring traditions from the past: s.si.edu/SmithsonianFood

A sneak peak⬇️
Join chef Nico Albert (Cherokee Nation) on Oct. 16 to learn how to forage for sumac, an ingredient that is so important in her traditional cuisine. She'll show you how to prepare sumac-crusted trout with a healthy side of sauteed seasonal mushrooms & greens. #SmithsonianFood Chef Nico Albert
On Oct. 17, watch chef Jocelyn Ramírez prepare a dish that has sustained many generations, Las Tres Hermanas en Chipotle. As she cooks, she'll speak about the critical use of permaculture, past and present, in indigenous Mexican foodways. #SmithsonianFood Chef Jocelyn Ramírez
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18 Jul
We join the nation in mourning the death of Congressman John Lewis, a lifelong advocate for equality and justice.

Lewis joined the Civil Rights Movement in 1958 while attending seminary in Nashville.
Congressman Lewis remained a leader in the fight for equality and justice throughout his life. This 1963 poster for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee features a Danny Lyon photograph of Lewis and other leaders praying while protesting racial segregation. Three people kneel in prayer. The man on the left is John Le
Congressman John Lewis made a lasting impact on human rights, LGBTQ+ rights, and immigration rights in the United States and abroad.
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17 Jul
Reverend C. T. Vivian embodied the values that made the Black Freedom Struggle of the 1950s and 1960s revolutionary and inspiring: courage, commitment, sacrifice, and strategy. C.T. Vivian approaches the lectern in a church. Martin Luthe
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Vivian continued to be a force in the Civil Rights Movement, advising Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., overseeing Southern Christian Leadership Conference chapters, undergoing arrest and imprisonment as a Freedom Rider, organizing protests and voter registration drives, and more. A button that reads "I am a registered voter are you?&qCT Vivian's mugshot.
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4 Jul
Today in 1863: Readers of “Harper's Weekly” learn of a daring raid by U.S. forces into rebel-held territory in South Carolina that delivered more than 700 enslaved people to freedom.

For many, this piece was their introduction to the one, the only: Harriet Tubman. An etching depicting the Co...
In 1863, Harriet Tubman was an already an accomplished leader in the fight to end slavery.

After escaping from bondage in Maryland in 1849, she returned to the state 13 times and led more than 70 people to freedom.

[📷: @NMAAHC] A photograph of a young Afr...
When the Civil War began, Tubman volunteered to serve on the front lines in South Carolina. There, she worked as cook, nurse—& spy.

Tubman recruited & commanded formerly enslaved men to serve as the military scouts. She also co-planned this unprecedented raid behind enemy lines
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6 Jun
76 years ago today, the 320th Barrage Balloon Battalion, an all African American unit, were part of the first waves of soldiers on Omaha and Utah beaches on D-Day. They brought barrage balloons ashore to help protect the soldiers that would follow. s.si.edu/377kGOJ Barrage balloons protect dozens of ships on the Normandy beaches as they offload the men, material, and munitions needed to expand the beachheadFrom left to right, PFC Arko Shaw, PFC Alvin Smith, Cpl. Jessie Sumlin, and Pvt. James Shrapshire hauling a barrage balloon through a partly cleared mine field to a new site in France, 22 August 1944.
The photograph to the left shows the barrage balloons flying above the beaches of Normandy, protecting those below.

The photograph to the right shows members of the 320th pulling a barrage balloon through a partly cleared mine field to a new site in France, 22 August 1944.
On June 6, 1944, D-Day, thousands of Allied naval vessels and planes streamed toward Nazi-occupied France to break through Hitler's coastal defenses. Robert Capa captured this image of American troops landing in Normandy. More about D-Day: americanhistory.si.edu/blog/dday Soldiers head towards the shores of Normandy, trudging through water.
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1 Mar
2020 marks the 100th anniversary of the 19th Amendment's ratification. This #WomensHistoryMonth, you'll probably see a sentence like this:

"The 19th Amendment gave U.S. women the right to vote."

However, that sentence erases a lot of women from the history books. A thread:⬇️
The 19th Amendment was the culmination of generations of women advocating for their political rights.

Ratifying the 19th Amendment was neither the beginning nor the end of women's fight for the vote, which stretched back to the American Revolution.
Before the 19th Amendment addressed women’s voting rights nationally, suffragists fought for and secured the right to vote at the state level. The stars on this flag represent the four states where women secured the right to vote before 1900: Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, and Idaho. Homemade U.S. flag with four stars
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