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John M Freedman Profile picture
@DrJohnFreedman
Oct 15, 2020 • 3 tweets • 4 min read • Read on X
KARST formations - works of #geology & works of art. Limestone uplifted from the sea is sculpted for millions of years by water, wind & chemical reactions. Erosion is augmented in the tropics by heat, humidity & vegetation. A classic karst wonderland: #Vietnam’s Ha Long Bay. Image
Below are some other karsts I’ve known and loved.
Clockwise from upper L:
Andaman Sea near Krabi, #Thailand
Yangshuo near #Guilin, China
Vang Vieng in #Laos.
Coron coast and bay in the #Philippines,
Viñales Valley in #Cuba (where the karst outcroppings are called 'mogotes') Image
Another karst wonderland, with a bonus: the area around Puerto Princesa on beautiful Palawan in the #Philippines. Over 5 mi of the Cabayugan River runs through a giant karst cave, much of it navigable by boat from the entry on the turquoise West Philippine Sea. A natural wonder. ImageImageImageImage

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More from @DrJohnFreedman

John M Freedman Profile picture
Apr 28
If you’re a Lab-lover, you might want to worship at the altar of this idol. Image
To do so you’d have to go to Chinatown in Incheon, South Korea. The area dates back to the China-Korea Treaty of 1882. That’s when Chinese traders settled in the port area of this city by the Yellow Sea. The area is no longer residential, but... Image
...it's full of interesting architecture & rich with history, including a pathway of 100 stone steps which dates from the 1880s when it was built to separate the Chinese & Japanese concession areas to keep the peace. Both countries (& Russia) had imperialistic eyes on Korea. 3/5
Read 5 tweets
John M Freedman Profile picture
Apr 27
Jagalchi Market in Busan, South Korea, is my favorite fish market in the world. Or I should say: SEAFOOD market, because every marine creature imaginable (and then some) can be found there. Featured prominently is this favorite Korean snack, called meongge:Image
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Is it animal, mineral, vegetable, or alien organism? Well, despite the misnomer 'sea pineapple', it's very much a member of Kingdom Animalia. Also known as 'sea squirt', it's an ascidian tunicate and is a relative of the most ancient pre-vertebrates. Who knew. Image
Meongge is usually eaten raw with various soy- and vinegar-based sauces and some gochujang fermented red chili paste. If you try it, know that you are eating the tunic of a tunicate. 3/5Image
Read 5 tweets
John M Freedman Profile picture
Apr 13
Osaka Castle is magnificently beautiful and impressive in every way - from its architecture to its setting to its storied past.


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It is profoundly steeped in history, and the museum in the Castle and the adjacent larger museum tell the spectacular stories well. Here is a good summary of the larger-than-life, truth-is-stranger-than fiction story of the 1614-15 Siege of Osaka Castle:
warfarehistorynetwork.com/siege-of-osaka…
The next siege would be just as momentous: the fall of Osaka Castle to Imperial forces in 1868 would be the key inflection point in Japan's transition out of its 683-year feudal period and into modernity - with ultimately tragic consequences playing out over the next 77 years.


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Read 4 tweets
John M Freedman Profile picture
Apr 11
In Shinto tradition, a SHIMENAWA is a rope, typically made of rice straw, that defines a sacred space or object. It means there are kami - Shinto spirits - in the vicinity. Here's one around a tree on the grounds of Osaka's beautiful Sumiyoshi Taisha.
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This shimenawa shown below - at the entry of the grand shrine Izumo Taisha west of Matsue - is said to be the world's largest. Image
The white paper (or sometimes cloth) decorations hanging from a shimenawa are called SHIDE and likewise serve to demarcate spaces where the kami reside. Although shape and design may vary, a zig-zag 'lightning bolt' shape is most common.
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Read 5 tweets
John M Freedman Profile picture
Apr 1
On this day in 1945: The 'Typhoon of Steel' - the invasion and ensuing Battle of Okinawa - began.
82 days of unspeakable carnage resulted in >30,000 Allied and >90,000 Japanese casualties.
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The kamikazes were deployed in full and fierce force - wreaking profound physical and psychological havoc. Image
Japanese Commander General Ushijima realized his forces could not survive the onslaught, and he committed ritual suicide. Image
Read 5 tweets
John M Freedman Profile picture
Sep 28, 2023
The Kanmon Strait between Honshu and Kyushu was the site of the decisive Battle of Dano-no-ura in 1185. This ended the Genpei War in favor of the Minamoto clan over the Taira Clan, ushering in the Kamakura Shogunate and the 683-year period of feudal Japan. 1/4


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The battle for supremacy between the Minamoto and Taira clans is the subject of the epic Heike Monogatari, or Tale of the Heike, a classic of Japanese medieval literature which exalts martial heroism and weaves in threads of both samurai and Buddhist thought. 2/4 Image
The story of this final battle is well-told in multiple formats at the superb Kanmon Strait Museum in the old port town of Moji on the Kyushu side. The ferry between Moji on Kyushu and Shimonoseki on Honshu is a very scenic 5-minute ride (the Strait is only 700m/.48 mi wide).


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Read 4 tweets

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