What are REITs and how can it help small investors diversify their portfolio?
A Thread 🧵👇
1/ Buying properties is an expensive affair. Let alone buying it for investment purpose, you need to have a well-settled job/business before you can even take a loan for buying your home.
2/ Even if you can buy a property, you cannot extensively diversify because of the very high ticket size. So, what can you do if you wish to invest in real estate and earn rental income as well as ride the price appreciation? Answer is :- Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)
3/ What are REITs ?
Like mutual funds own a basket of debt and equity securities, REITs hold a portfolio of income generating real estate properties. Investors receive a unit or a share against their investment.
4/ The rental they earn is passed on to unitholders after deducting expenses or reserving to buy a new property. The REIT portfolio may contain commercial properties, shopping malls, hospitals, from different geographical locations.
5/ This means that through REITs, investors, especially retail investors can not only invest in real estate but can also hold a part of a diversified basket of properties. Also, investors do not need to take care of the property operations and maintenance.
6/ A major issue with real estate is liquidity, also gets resolved, because unlike a whole property sale, investors here can easily sell their units/shares on the stock exchange.
7/ But, while trading on stock exchanges provide liquidity, it also increases the correlation with the overall markets, i.e, when stock markets fall, the REIT trading unit price in the market would also somewhat fall alongside in line with the overall stock market.
8/ To sum it up, with REITs, you get exposure to real estate, in smaller investment sizes, with increased liquidity and the benefit of dividends and capital appreciation.
9/ Currently, there are only 2 REITs listed in the stock exchange i.e., Mindspace and Embassay.
Disclaimer - No recommendation. Sharing for information purpose only.
1/ The Cash Flow statement of a bank is quite different from that of normal businesses. The primary reason being that the bank’s operation is that of accepting deposits and advancing loans. This usually forms the Cash Flow from the Financing part for other businesses.
2/ For a Bank, Cash Flow for Operations (CFO) contains adjustments related to the Bank's core operations, i.e, accepting deposits, and advancing loans. Giving out more loans means an outflow of cash, hence advancing loans reduce the cash flow from operations.
What are the most important ratios to analyze a bank ?
A Thread 🧵👇
1/ Bank business is completely different from all sectors. For banks, loans given to their customers are assets and their liability is deposits taken from their customers.
2/ CASA Ratio - It means total % of current account and savings account. Always check the growth in CASA ratio and how much interest is given to their customers in savings accounts.
Everyone knows that the stock market is closed on Holidays. But, one day, the stock market is open i.e., on DIWALI.
The story of - Muhurat Trading
A Thread 🧵👇
1/ Muhurat trading is an activity in the Indian stock market which is done on the auspicious occasion of Diwali. Muhurat is a Hindi word meaning ‘auspicious time’. In the Hindu calendar, a muhurat is said to occur when the planets are assigned to bring good fortune & prosperity.
2/ Each year, the stock exchange announces a one-hour session dedicated to Diwali for trading. The muhurat time is usually in the evening. Traders and investors buy or sell stocks on the NSE & BSE during muhurat trading time as a symbolic gesture.
1/ People have a tendency to believe that they can somehow influence the outcome of a totally uncontrollable event. They have this sense of control over a situation which, in reality, can lead to completely random outcomes.
2/ This bias leads to Overconfidence and Higher than usual optimism, both of which are again behavioral biases. This happens a lot in general life as well as in stock markets.
Suppose you want to buy a lottery, If your number comes, you win Rs. 1 crore.
It costs Rs. 100 to enter the contest and a random number is assigned to you.
The seller gives you an option to pick your favourite number for Rs. 120 as an entry price.
Which option will you pick and why ? Comment.
This question is based on a behavioural bias called " Illusion of control"
In any case, you have some probability of winning the lottery, but sometimes people don't realize that and go for their favorite number ignoring the fact that it doesn't change the probability of winning.
What are the various Charges and Taxes involved while buying and selling equity shares ?
A thread 🧵👇
1/ Brokerage Charges - Brokerage charge is the commission one has to pay to their brokers for transacting on your behalf and for using their platform. Discount brokers (like Zerodha, Upstox) offer free delivery trades and Flat Fee services where they charge a maximum of ₹20.
2/ Full Service brokers charge usually more commission than discount brokers. Some full-service brokers also offer flat fee services. The maximum brokerage that can be charged is 2.5% of the trade value. But disruption has ensured that this charge remains well below 0.5%.