While it is too early for interventions to take effect in ND, I wanted to post an update regarding our quasi-experiment comparing SD/ND after ND implemented restrictions and mask mandates, effective Nov. 14th, and SD did not. (1/5)
First, cases: While ND is trending higher, both seem to have turned downward around the time ND implemented the mandates. No divergence so far. However, it is important to note that infections take around a week to be counted as a case, so any effect would not show yet. (2/5)
Second, hospitalizations: This also seems to have stabilized and turning downward in both states, although it is more pronounced in ND. (3/5)
Third, deaths: Any effect from interventions on this metric would show the last. SD is at a higher place for now. (4/5)
To recap, while it is too early, there is not a significant divergence between the two states yet. I believe both states have peaked and will decline from here, following more or less the same trajectory. We will keep watching in the coming weeks. (5/5)
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Additional analysis on Kansas mask data: Does the size of the first wave (case levels before June) have an impact on the change in cases between August 11th - November 20th? (1/x)
Using population adjusted case numbers, below are the correlations between first wave cases, mask mandate, and change in cases after August. There is a significant negative correlation between first wave size and change after August. (2/x)
The correlation between masks and change is positive, meaning mandate counties had bigger changes. However, this is likely confounded by first wave size, as three counties with bigger first waves are non-mandate counties. (3/x)
The first red flag comes from the data they used for analyses. They pick two seemingly random weeks from before and after the mandates and compare the changes in case numbers. They find that cases doubled in non-mandate counties and slightly declined in mandate counties. (2/x)
While this looks like cherry-picking, the results are actually similar when we compare mandate vs. non-mandate counties in terms of overall increase since August. On average, cases per 100K increased by x19 in non-mask counties vs. x9 in mask counties. (3/x)
Many times, we go see a doctor or take a pill when we are feeling the worst, right before we would naturally be feeling better. Then we attribute the outcome to the intervention....
Like those who think lockdowns turned things around in Europe. (1/x)
Topol shows a few countries as examples to how "it can be done". He is missing one though, so I added that...
When these countries enacted restrictions, cases were already peaking. Lockdowns, again, did nothing. Below I show a few examples... (2/x)
UK enacted LD on Nov. 5. However, cases were flat since Oct. 24, and with a minimum 7-day delay between an infection and it being counted as a case, infections were stable since mid-Oct. Lockdowns were so effective that they worked two weeks before being implemented! (3/x)
"In places where there is modest SARS-CoV-2 transmission (like Denmark during these months), there is insufficient evidence to suggest wearing a mask as you go about daily errands will protect you from infection."
Imagine you are in combat, wearing an armored vest, which covers the areas of your body you are most likely to get shot. There are not many enemies, and a small number of bullets are coming. What are the chances that you will survive? (2/x)
But remember, if there are enough bullets, one of them will eventually hit you in the throat. Now the enemy deployed a brigade and they are raining bullets on you. What are the chances that the vest will save you? (3/x)
In March, some argued that schools going remote was going to make online education more mainstream and more accepted as an effective form of instruction. I argued it was the opposite, that this was really bad for online degrees. (1/4)
Imagine being a student during all this and suffering through countless Zoom classes. Then graduating with your only online learning experience being this. Then you take on a role in which you begin making decisions about job applications. (2/4)
Then you get an application from someone with and online degree along with another a bit less qualified applicant with a traditional college degree. Which one do you give the job to? (3/4)
We are currently doing what could be the closest we can get to an RCT of restrictions and mandates: North vs. South Dakota. Two very similar states, but as of last Friday, very different policies in how they approach COVID. (1/x)
On Friday, ND imposed restrictions on bars and indoor dining, indoor events, and sports. They also mandated masks. Meanwhile, SD is not changing their approach and avoiding such restrictions. Here is a look at their cases so far (source for data is CTP): (2/x)
Their curves are very similar, so they are starting from the same place. We will soon know if they diverge as a result of ND's interventions. However, it is important to note that they are on slightly different latitudes, so there is that. Here is hospitalizations: (3/x)