#tbt This is the dedication, with Eleanor Roosevelt, for the Polio Hall of Fame, honoring 17 scientists critical to polio research & the vaccine. The only woman scientist is in the center. She's Isabel Morgan (1911-1996) ... 1/5 asm.org/Articles/2019/…
...Morgan cracked 2 major barriers that made the Salk vaccine possible: identified 3 serotypes for polio that needed to be protected against. Then in preclinical studies, she showed inactivated vaccine could work if you added adjuvant & a booster shot ...2/5
...These are her parents, both geneticists. She's Lilian Vaughan Morgan, a pioneer in using Drosophila as a model, revealing some of its chromosomes
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lilian_Va…

He's Thomas Hunt Morgan, 1933 Nobel prize winner for chromosome discoveries en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hu… ...3/5
..Morgan graduated from Stanford; doctorate, Uni of Pennsylvania. She joined the Rockefeller in 1938, faced discrimination, moved to Johns Hopkins in 1944. She left in 1949, uneasy about risks of 1st-in-human trials & to marry..4/5 humanitiestexas.org/news/articles/…, asm.org/Articles/2019/…
...She worked in a lab locally. ~1960 she got masters in statistics from Columbia, & worked as a consultant to the Sloan Kettering Cancer Institute.

Here she is being interviewed in 1948 at 1st international polio conference. 5/5 , en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabel_Mo…

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More from @hildabast

8 Dec
So now the meta-analysis of phase 2/3 data from 4 of the trials of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine is out @TheLancet. Because of course it is. 🤦‍♀️ marlin-prod.literatumonline.com/pb-assets/Lanc… Background: wired.com/story/the-astr… 1/n
...Mystery #1 - why Indian phase 3 trial isn't included - isn't solved. They report only that they have trials in UK, Brazil, SA & Kenya (Kenyan data not included). Trials in the US, Japan & Russia also not mentioned... 2/n
...Ah...in the statistical analysis plan, they describe the 4 studies as Oxford-sponsored. The trials that aren't mentioned presumably aren't. Given there was a serious adverse event in the Indian trial in October, this raises issues... 3/n marlin-prod.literatumonline.com/pb-assets/Lanc…
Read 17 tweets
8 Dec
The FDA will start releasing phase 3 trial data on Covid vaccine any moment now & a media deluge will start! Tips on what to watch out for | My latest @WIRED wired.com/story/new-vacc…
Not any moment now...it's out! Data at last: it's 92 pages from Pfizer/BNT fda.gov/media/144246/d… & 53 pages from the FDA fda.gov/media/144246/d…
Oops - cut & paste fail ⬆️: the 53 pages from the FDA fda.gov/media/144245/d…
Read 19 tweets
29 Nov
This is utterly appalling. The manufacturer of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine in India, @SerumInstIndia, is *suing* the trial participant who lodged a claim for compensation after experiencing a serious adverse event for damage to their reputation thehindu.com/news/national/… ... 1/2
..The trial participant has the right to sue for compensation. While the company is denying the severe event was vaccine-related, they are not denying it happened, contradicting previous statements eg "zero hospitalisation" livemint.com/science/health… & hindustantimes.com/videos/htls/si… 2/3
...Recap: trials of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine were put on pause for investigation by regulators the other 2 times there was a severe adverse event (SAE) - standard practice. This participant was in intensive care & we're only hearing about it because he sued... 3/4
Read 4 tweets
28 Nov
Lawsuit has been confirmed & statements by lead researcher at the hospital trial site to more than one journalist confirm person was in the trial, there was a serious adverse event, & they judged it *not* vaccine-associated. No official statement from the trial or regulator...1/2
...According to the person interviewed, India's regulator was informed when it occurred. Until there's a report from the regulator side, we don't know official status or whether other regulators were notified. (Thank you to everyone tweeting me links to coverage in India.)
...PS: There have been multiple public statements prior to this development from the institution running the trial that there had been no serious adverse events. Hopefully the regulator will sort this out & report publicly soon.
Read 4 tweets
28 Nov
Oh no. 😥 Last week a participant in Indian trial for the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine sought compensation for a serious neurological adverse event. Local principal investigator: "we don’t think the adverse event was related to the vaccine."
1/4 economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/healt… HT @abledoc
...That quote seems to confirm there was an SAE, but I think we need further confirmation. Would be 3rd neurological SAE made public, first 2 in UK trial: 1 of which judged not to be related to the vaccine; for the other, cause was not clear after extensive investigation... 2/4
... The participant's legal action, which will be taken to court next week, alleges participants weren't informed of the risk & the trial wasn't paused when it happened... 3/4
Read 5 tweets
31 Oct
BNT CEO Sahin looking confident. End of October prediction for BNT/Pfizer vaccine? "We're now end of Oct, beginning of Nov; that means it won't be long now till the first so-called read-out". 🤞 (My translation, watching tape from Fri night live interview) tagesspiegel.de/wissen/antrag-…
...*If* the effectiveness & safety data look good, Sahin ⬆️ expects lodging an application for FDA approval by mid-November; the process to clear pre-phase 3 data has already begun in Europe. First batches have been produced, but haven't cleared quality control yet.
...Ideally, Sahin said, antibodies would completely stop any of the virus getting into the cells, but you have to assume some virus will make it past them. That's when you need T-cells to step in & kill the virus, & make any disease milder. So a good vaccine needs to induce both
Read 12 tweets

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