On this day, 1948, during the Sydney Test, Vinoo Mankad whipped off the bails at the non-striker's end.

Bill Brown, out of the crease, was ruled out.

The mode of dismissal is unofficially referred to as Mankading.

There are a few misconceptions regarding Mankading.
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Misconception 1: Mankad was the first to do this

Mankad was the first to do this *in a Test match*. However, there was nothing new about it.

The first recorded instance of Mankading in First-Class cricket happened in 1835 (not 1935).

Thomas Barker ran out George Baigent.
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By 1843, Barker had run out four others, the last of these at Lord's.

No "spirit of cricket" garbage was uttered during any of this.

This illustration is from Nicholas Felix's 1845 book Felix on the Bat.

Do not miss the caption. This was the general attitude towards this.
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Lord Harris of Eton Mankaded Conrad Wallroth of Harrow at Lord's in 1870.

No MCC member is known to have mumbled any "gentleman's game" nonsense.

Spencer Gore, the first man to win the Wimbledon, was present that day.

Let me quote him from a book on the history of Harrow:
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"Harris … noticed that Wallroth, who was well set, was backing up too eagerly. He put himself on to bowl (quite rightly, to my mind), and, pretending to bowl, caught Wallroth tripping, and he paid the penalty."

There is no mention of a warning.

Or "spirit of cricket".
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This used to be the standard response.

By the way, Mankad was not even the first Indian to do this.

Ram Singh ran out Narayan Sane in a Ranji Trophy match of 1941-42.

Misconception 2: Mankad never warned Brown
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Brown had made the same error during one of India's tour matches at Sydney.

Mankad warned Brown once. When Brown did it again, he ran him out.

Three days later Brown did the same at Brisbane.

Mankad warned him. Brown got away.
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You cannot blame Mankad for not warning in the Test match.

Brown threw the bat on the pitch in anguish – but had little option but to swallow his pride and return to the pavilion.

Misconception 3: Mankad was criticised heavily

Let me list a few quotes.
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Bill O'Reilly (after the tour match): "There is nothing in the laws of the game to say that the bowler shall even warn the batsman of his unfair play. Mankad subscribed to the ethical rule … Brown was at fault."

On a lighter note, O'Reilly would later utter a classic on air:
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"It would never happen when I was bowling because the batsman at my end was never anxious to get down to the other end."

Ray Robinson's piece in The Sun (Sydney) had the headline "Brown learns the hard way; run out again".

Don Bradman in A Farewell to Cricket:
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"Mankad was scrupulously fair that he first of all warned Brown before taking any action. There was absolutely no feeling in the matter as far as we were concerned, for we considered it quite a legitimate part of the game."

Bradman led Australia in the Test.
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The Sydney Morning Herald asked for the readers' opinions.

They generally voiced the same opinion.

A reader called AW Richards wrote: "If Brown does not know the rules or will not accept decisions in a sporting manner, he is not a proper person to play for Australia.
"Let them ask any schoolboy, and they will be told 'stay in your crease until the ball has been delivered'."

There was another letter from a reader with initials IWM.

It is better to post the entire clipping instead of typing it out.
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Interestingly, another reader (LJ Pearson) recommended calling it one short.

There were exceptions.

Duleepsinhji, in The Telegraph, was an exception: "Although by the laws of cricket this was justified it leaves a bad taste. I hope I do not see another similar incident."
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Jack Fingleton, who usually opposed everything Bradman said or did, expectedly did not approve of the dismissal.

But the general voice – of Australian cricketers, critics, and fans – was in favour of Mankad.

Because he did the right thing and Brown did not.
Edit:

>> Ram Singh ran out Narayan Sane in a Ranji Trophy match of 1941-42

The other way round. Sane ran out Ram Singh.
All this obviously happened on this day, *1947

Not 1948

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More from @ovshake42

14 Dec
I know this is subjective, but there is little doubt in my mind that the first tied Test match, at Brisbane, was the greatest in history.

Today is the 60th anniversary of the final day of that Test.

Here is how the drama unfolded as the day went on.

But first, some context.
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Not only the greatest, this was one of the most significant Test matches.

West Indies had their first full-time black captain, in Worrell.

The history of racism in the islands, the ridiculous injustice of it all, demands a separate thread.

I shall leave that for another day.
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There is more.

Until this point, only Test matches involving England used to receive serious coverage.

That would change here. That demands another thread too.

Now for the cricket.

After four days, the score read West Indies 453 and 259/9, Australia 505.

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12 Dec
Ghulam Guard, the first left-arm seamer to open bowling for India, was born on this day, 1925.

At 6'3", Guard was the tallest Indian cricketer between Ladha Ramji (1933-34) and Abey Kuruvilla (1997).

He also worked in the police force as a sub-inspector.
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Guard took 5/66 and 4/69 in the final of the 1959-60 Ranji Trophy.

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The report in Indian Police Journal, Volume 5 ran:
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"Ghulam Guard, Sub-Inspector in the Bombay State Police Force, hit newspaper headlines with his fine spell of bowling in the Ranji Trophy Cricket Final between Bombay and Mysore."

Guard bowled at a lively pace and could move the ball, and his height helped him generate bounce.
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12 Dec
On this day, 2000, South Africa and New Zealand played out a drab draw in a rain-affected Test match at Johannesburg.

This man, Chris Scott, did not play but was named was named Player of the Match.

Here is what happened.
+ Image
It had rained heavily on Day 1.

The outfield was waterlogged, but the ground staff did a fantastic job and ensured cricket got underway on Day 2.

Almost a hundred overs of cricket were played on the day.

South Africa bowled out New Zealand for 200, then finished on 18/1.
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But this was followed by two more days of rain, which as good as killed the match.

Once again the ground staff did a stellar job, and made some cricket possible on Day 5.

Dippenaar scored a hundred, and South Africa finished the Test on 261/3.
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11 Dec
On this day, 2007, Luke Pomersbach had come to the WACA with his girlfriend to watch a T20I between Australia and New Zealand.

After scoring 395 runs at 98.75 that season, Pomersbach had a drink too many with Shaun Marsh.

Both men were suspended till December 14.
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But there was no ban on watching cricket, so he went to the ground.

Just before the match, Brad Hodge reported a back injury and was ruled out.

Now Stuart Clark was the only man in the reserve.

Replacing Hodge with Clark would mean playing with one batsman less.
+
The team management must have noticed Pomersbach's form.

They also knew he was around.

Pomersbach was parking the car when a friend told him.

He initially thought it was a joke (what would you have done?).

Once convinced, he rushed to report to the dressing-room.
+
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11 Dec
Subhash Gupte, born on this day, 1929, was arguably the greatest spinner India has ever produced.

I have obviously never seen him bowl, but every eyewitness has rated him as extraordinary.

And yet, BCCI treated him too shabbily – but more of that later.
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Even if one looks at basic data, Gupte's greatness becomes obvious.

Gupte took 12 five-wicket hauls in 36 Tests (one in three) and 61 innings (one in five).

Remember, he did this despite having to share wickets with Mankad and Ghulam.
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Gupte's 65 overseas wickets came at 28.52.

Put a 50-wicket cut-off, and no Indian spinner has a better average.

In fact, nobody else averages less than 31.

One must remember that unlike some other world-class leg-spinners, Gupte seldom not have an all-time great batsman.
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10 Dec
Chris Martin was born on this day, 1974.

When he retired, his 233 Test wickets were the third-most among New Zealand bowlers, after Hadlee and Vettori.

However, it is his batting that made him a cult hero.

Before going into that, a bit on his bowling.
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Martin's wickets came at almost 34, not great numbers for a spearhead from New Zealand.

But in the 2000s (the decade), he sent down 1745.5 overs – over twice as any New Zealand fast bowler.

So there was no steady fast bowler at the other end.
+
All of them were hit by injuries at some point, which should give that bowling average some leeway.

Now for his batting.

Martin averaged 2.36 with bat.

Put a 50-run cut-off, and nobody averaged less than 3.46 – 47% more than Martin.

Martin scored 123 runs from 104 innings.
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