Relevant notes to questions that people have asked me:
- Slightly less effective in elderly people (who usually have a weaker immune response) but still 86% effective. Not as good as 94% for the general population but still very solid.
Pregnancy: Pregnant women weren’t allowed in the study but 13 women got pregnant during the study. About half in the vaccine group and half in placebo. None of them have given birth yet though. So we’ll see.
They didn’t really test for asymptomatic infections. But they tested everyone for COVID at both doses. By the second dose, way more people in the placebo group had asymptomatic COVID than the vaccine group.
So the vaccine MIGHT stop asymptomatic infections, not just symptoms.
Anyways, this mostly helps confirm what we already know so far.
Sorry this thread didn’t have more swears.
Still, this is good news. 2 vaccines in Canada now. Expect more in the next few months.
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Darnell Nurse on screen wearing medical scrubs. “Hi, I’m Darnell Nurse. As a Nurse, I’m here to tell you how the vaccine works. Let’s say there’s a virus.”
To understand mutations, it helps to know how viruses work. First, viruses can’t make more of themselves on their own. Two coronaviruses can’t get together, go on a date, have too much to drink, and have a baby COVID.
COVID gets into our cells (using the asshole protein) & basically hijacks our cells. It’s got a gun to our cell and says “Look at me, I’m the captain now.” So our infected cells spend all day doing the virus’ bidding: copying thousands of viruses & making more of them.
But our cells don’t make more virus by loading up Word, pressing print & turning up the number of copies. It has to write out each virus RNA (it’s genetic code) by hand. Like Bart writing lines in the Simpsons opening credits. Over & over, thousands of times. With no spell check.
One common question I got was “What happens if I get the vaccine and I’ve already had COVID?” Related to that, “Should I get the vaccine if I’ve had COVID?” and “how long am I immune for?”
Strap in friends, we’re going on another “way too long thread”.
So let’s say you got COVID and beat it. Firstly, well done!
Your immune cells saw the virus, figured out some areas to attack, ramped up production, and kicked the bastard’s ass. Maybe it was a short battle or maybe a long one but you came out the other side on top.
And now your memory cells are going to remember. They won’t remember the ‘whole’ virus. They’ll remember the parts they successfully attacked.
That might be the infamous asshole protein. It might be some other part of the virus. Or a few different parts.
The mRNA vaccines (Pfizer and Moderna) are kind of brilliant at a science level. I’ve had a few people in my real non-Twitter life ask me to explain how it works so I’m going to try my best here in this thread while I’m waiting for a patient to show.
The first thing to know is how your immune system works. Basically, your immune cells attack anything foreign to your body. If it sees a protein or a virus or a bacteria or anything that it doesn’t recognize, it launches an attack.
If it’s fighting off a virus, for example, it takes time to build up a full attack. It’s got to figure out what part of the virus to attack & ramp up production of what it needs to attack those parts. That can take a few days. Meanwhile the virus is replicating and expanding.
That’s an awfully wide confidence interval but early evidence suggests that the Moderna vaccine is effective 14-28 days after the ‘first’ dose. The data on asymptomatic infections is important b/c we don’t know that data for the Pfizer vaccine (they didn’t test for it).
Important note: we don’t know ‘how long’ immunity lasts after a single dose. Hence the need for the 2nd dose until we have more data. (We don’t even really know how long immunity lasts after the 2nd dose. Not for sure.)
tldr; the two mRNA vaccines are well beyond my expectations for efficacy. This is good news, my friends.