1/11

An article worth thinking about: “As changes to the world structure accelerate, China’s rule is in sharp contrast with the turmoil in the West,” says Beijing.

I agree, but I draw a different conclusion. The world is certainly currently going...

scmp.com/news/china/pol…
2/11

through "a period of turbulent change", in Beijing’s words, and great structural adjustments, but usually when that happens, what matters in the long run is not how stable a system seems but rather how successfully political, economic and social institutions adjust to...
3/11

the new conditions. In the past these adjustments have almost always been messy, chaotic, and disheartening to most, but ultimately they were necessary even if we were unable to judge them so at the time.

I would argue that the world today is undergoing both a reversal...
4/11

and rejection of the current model of globalization and an urgent need for most countries in the world, including China, to initiate a major rebalancing of the way income and wealth (and ultimately political power) is distributed, but there are few if any historical...
5/11

precedents in which this level of restructuring and rebalancing have been neat or orderly.

Beijing's response, which is to do whatever it takes to maintain stability, may look good in the short term, as this strategy always does, but if it prevents the necessary...
6/11

rebalancing (as it has for well over a decade), in the future the Chinese may judge their response much less favorably. We went through similarly turbulent periods in the 1920s and 1930s, and then again in the 1960s and 1970s, and in both cases it seemed that the older...
7/11

democracies of the West were failing the test, unlike the stability-obsessed autocracies. Mussolini in the 1920s and early 1930s, remember, was considered even by many prominent American and English politicians to be one of the world’s few great leaders, mainly because...
8/11

he managed to "stabilize" Italy, even as the older American and European democracies were in turmoil. Forty years later the USSR seemed an oasis of purpose and stability when once again Western Europe and the US seemed on the edge of collapse.
9/11

In both cases we were wrong. My point isn’t that Beijing's response is necessarily the wrong one, and ours necessarily the right one. It is only that when we are in the midst of a period of turbulent change, it isn’t always obvious who is adjusting to new conditions and...
10/11

who isn’t, and it certainly isn’t necessarily the case that countries undergoing the least messy institutional changes are the ones adapting best. History suggests almost the opposite – that countries adjust mainly in the midst of turmoil – but either way we will only...
11/11

know many years from now. It will depend mainly on how the different systems react to the real problems that nearly every country faces today, whether, for example, the US, China or Europe respond forcefully to the current turmoil by aggressively rebalancing income.

• • •

Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to force a refresh
 

Keep Current with Michael Pettis

Michael Pettis Profile picture

Stay in touch and get notified when new unrolls are available from this author!

Read all threads

This Thread may be Removed Anytime!

PDF

Twitter may remove this content at anytime! Save it as PDF for later use!

Try unrolling a thread yourself!

how to unroll video
  1. Follow @ThreadReaderApp to mention us!

  2. From a Twitter thread mention us with a keyword "unroll"
@threadreaderapp unroll

Practice here first or read more on our help page!

More from @michaelxpettis

13 Jan
1/5

Good article, except the final paragraph: "Policymakers hope the world's second-largest economy can deliver on expectations for 8 per cent growth in 2021, a number that will make stabilising the macro leverage ratio just that little bit easier."

afr.com/markets/equity…
2/5

I don't think this is the right way to think about it. GDP growth and credit growth are not independent. If they were, it might make sense to assume that a higher GDP growth rate would make the debt more manageable, but in fact without a transformation of China's economy...
3/5

the only way for China to achieve higher a GDP growth rate is with even faster growth in debt. Counterintuitively, it is slower GDP growth rates that will make it easier for China to manage its debt burden. If Beijing is satisfied this year, for example, with 6-7% GDP...
Read 5 tweets
12 Jan
1/5

Interesting and important article. For years analysts have argued – and some still argue – that Chinese public-sector investment, including the rapid expansion of its railway system, remains productive and good for China’s economy.

scmp.com/economy/china-…
2/5

But if that’s the case, why would Beijing worry about the associated debt, and why sharply reduce its plans to expand mileage in favor of trying to “to maximise the benefits of its massive existing rail”? If this spending had been productive all along, financing it with...
3/5

debt wouldn’t matter because the debt would have grown by less than the capacity to service the debt (for which GDP is supposed to be a proxy). The associated debt wouldn’t be a problem at all.

Clearly Beijing understands – perhaps a little late – that while all of this...
Read 5 tweets
12 Jan
1/9

This is a good paper (and good thread) documenting the strengthening in recent years of creditor rights in sovereign debt. The authors point out, for example, that the share of debt crises involving litigation has increased from about 5% in the 1980s to 30-50% after 2000.
2/9

Is this a good thing or a bad thing? As the authors note, some analysts “expect stronger creditor rights to have a positive market impact, as governments become less likely to over-borrow and default strategically”, while others believe “that creditor rights can become...
3/9

too strong, making sovereign debt ‘excessively hard to restructure’”

There is little evidence of the former, and I would argue strongly for the latter: strengthening creditor rights is usually bad for both the obligor and creditors overall mainly because it can...
Read 9 tweets
12 Jan
1/7

The uselessness of Trump's trade war with China doesn't mean that the US should not act aggressively to address its decades of large trade deficits. It just means that global conditions of negligible transportation costs, zero communication costs...

bloomberg.com/news/articles/…
2/7

and frictionless capital flows require a completely different approach to trade than 100-200 years ago.

The first two conditions render bilateral trade relationships almost irrelevant in determining who runs surpluses and who runs deficits, and the third condition...
3/7

means that trade imbalances are driven by capital flow imbalances. While Peter Navarro’s approach would probably have borne results 100 years ago, even by fifty years ago they were already obsolete, and today do little more than temporarily distort production markets...
Read 7 tweets
11 Jan
1/4

China's CPI inflation was 0.2% for the past 12 months, substantially higher than the -0.5% registered in November but lower than the roughly 2% of the past five years. I believe demand deposits yield 0.35% and 1-year and 2-year deposits yield 1.5%...

xinhuanet.com/english/2021-0…
2/4

and 2.1%, which means that for now households are getting a real return on their savings, but they won't be if CPI prices continue to rise as fast as they have in the past several weeks. The real return on savings matters a lot to the distribution of income and to the...
3/4

share households retain of GDP, which in turn matters to rebalancing.

On the other hand PPI prices are still in year-on-year deflation. PPI prices declined by 0.4% in December, about half of what was expected, compared to a 1.5% decline year on year in November.
Read 4 tweets
9 Jan
1/6

I hope Joe Biden and his administration are serious about this stimulus spending, especially if it is directed to much-needed infrastructure. For those who are worried about where the money needed to fund the spending will "come from", the fact is...

ft.com/content/b69a5d…
2/6

that any investment or disbursement that results in unemployed people having productive jobs is ultimately self-liquidating because the increase in the total value of goods and services produced by the economy will exceed the increase in the debt.

carnegieendowment.org/chinafinancial…
3/6

There can of course be problems with inefficient spending and "unfair" transfers, but these are really political issues that can be addressed through the tax system, not economic issues. The point is that if there are Americans who want to work but cannot find...
Read 6 tweets

Did Thread Reader help you today?

Support us! We are indie developers!


This site is made by just two indie developers on a laptop doing marketing, support and development! Read more about the story.

Become a Premium Member ($3/month or $30/year) and get exclusive features!

Become Premium

Too expensive? Make a small donation by buying us coffee ($5) or help with server cost ($10)

Donate via Paypal Become our Patreon

Thank you for your support!

Follow Us on Twitter!